Diabetic Ketoacidosis and Hyperosmolar Hyperglycemic Syndrome
... hyperosmolality. The key difference between HHS and DKA is that insulin levels in HHS are inadequate to control hyperglycemia, but generally sufficient to prevent significant ketosis, and as a result, acidosis. Recent studies have shown that patients in hyperglycemic crisis also exhibit a severe pro ...
... hyperosmolality. The key difference between HHS and DKA is that insulin levels in HHS are inadequate to control hyperglycemia, but generally sufficient to prevent significant ketosis, and as a result, acidosis. Recent studies have shown that patients in hyperglycemic crisis also exhibit a severe pro ...
The Importance of Postprandial Plasma Glucose Control
... Current evidence regarding the general benefits of tight glycemic control on cardiovascular outcomes in patients with type 2 diabetes is not as convincing as the case for limiting microvascular disease. Among patients in the UKPDS who were allocated to sulfonylurea or insulin treatment, reduction i ...
... Current evidence regarding the general benefits of tight glycemic control on cardiovascular outcomes in patients with type 2 diabetes is not as convincing as the case for limiting microvascular disease. Among patients in the UKPDS who were allocated to sulfonylurea or insulin treatment, reduction i ...
Polycystic ovary syndrome: a common hormonal condition with
... Women with PCOS are at a higher risk of developing pre-diabetes, gestational (GDM) and type 2 diabetes (T2DM), and have higher cardiovascular risk factors. Hence, it is increasingly recognised that PCOS is not only a reproductive issue, but a metabolic disease that carries important health risks fro ...
... Women with PCOS are at a higher risk of developing pre-diabetes, gestational (GDM) and type 2 diabetes (T2DM), and have higher cardiovascular risk factors. Hence, it is increasingly recognised that PCOS is not only a reproductive issue, but a metabolic disease that carries important health risks fro ...
Clinical Guiding Principles for Sick Day Management of Adults with
... In 2006 the ADEA released Guidelines for Sick Day Management for People with Diabetes. In addition to the technical document, a six page summarised version for health professionals and consumer brochures for people with type 1 and type 2 diabetes were also produced. The newly revised document is del ...
... In 2006 the ADEA released Guidelines for Sick Day Management for People with Diabetes. In addition to the technical document, a six page summarised version for health professionals and consumer brochures for people with type 1 and type 2 diabetes were also produced. The newly revised document is del ...
Serum C-peptide assay of patients with hyperglycemic emergencies
... predominantly secretory defect with or without insulin resistance. This class of diabetes is typically non-insulin dependent and non-ketosis prone [2]. (c) Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM) This refers to any degree of glucose intolerance with onset or first recognition during pregnancy [2,8]. Unl ...
... predominantly secretory defect with or without insulin resistance. This class of diabetes is typically non-insulin dependent and non-ketosis prone [2]. (c) Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM) This refers to any degree of glucose intolerance with onset or first recognition during pregnancy [2,8]. Unl ...
Prevalence of Metabolic Syndrome in an Elderly Community
... use of antihypertensive drugs; high TG: serum triglycerides ≥150 mg/dL or use of specific medication to treat hypertriglyceridemia; low HDL-C: HDL-cholesterol < 40 mg/dL in men and < 50 mg/dL in women or use of specific medication to increase HDL-C; Waist ATP/ATP rev.: high abdominal waist by the cr ...
... use of antihypertensive drugs; high TG: serum triglycerides ≥150 mg/dL or use of specific medication to treat hypertriglyceridemia; low HDL-C: HDL-cholesterol < 40 mg/dL in men and < 50 mg/dL in women or use of specific medication to increase HDL-C; Waist ATP/ATP rev.: high abdominal waist by the cr ...
Cystic Fibrosis-Related Diabetes (CFRD)
... increased calories and because macrovascular disease does not appear to be a concern. Protein reduction may not be appropriate in diabetic nephropathy because of the potential for malnutrition. Frequent intercurrent illness necessitates constant adjustment of the meal plan. ...
... increased calories and because macrovascular disease does not appear to be a concern. Protein reduction may not be appropriate in diabetic nephropathy because of the potential for malnutrition. Frequent intercurrent illness necessitates constant adjustment of the meal plan. ...
diabetic ketoacidosis management protocol
... Frequently, for any given episode of ketoacidosis the precipitating event remains unknown. Although a careful screen for infection is appropriate, one should be aware that leukocytosis, with counts as high as 30,000/mm³, is common with DKA as a result of the associated leukemoid response to stress. ...
... Frequently, for any given episode of ketoacidosis the precipitating event remains unknown. Although a careful screen for infection is appropriate, one should be aware that leukocytosis, with counts as high as 30,000/mm³, is common with DKA as a result of the associated leukemoid response to stress. ...
Diabetes Mellitus
... FPG 100mg/dl (5.6 mmol/L) to 125 mg/dl (6.9 mmol/L) Impaired Glucose Tolerance (IGT) 2 hr plasma glucose 140mg/dl (7.8 mmol/L) to 199 mg/dl (11.0 mmol/L) Both IFG and IGT are risk factors for future diabetes and for cardiovascular disease and associated with insulin resistance and metabolic syndrome ...
... FPG 100mg/dl (5.6 mmol/L) to 125 mg/dl (6.9 mmol/L) Impaired Glucose Tolerance (IGT) 2 hr plasma glucose 140mg/dl (7.8 mmol/L) to 199 mg/dl (11.0 mmol/L) Both IFG and IGT are risk factors for future diabetes and for cardiovascular disease and associated with insulin resistance and metabolic syndrome ...
Clinical recommendations in the management of
... for example, at times of exercise or stress, where a lesser or greater (respectively) dose of insulin may be required. The pump also contains a preset memory which calculates the time and size of the last insulin dose, therefore allowing an estimation of how much insulin is still active in the body. ...
... for example, at times of exercise or stress, where a lesser or greater (respectively) dose of insulin may be required. The pump also contains a preset memory which calculates the time and size of the last insulin dose, therefore allowing an estimation of how much insulin is still active in the body. ...
View/Open - University of Khartoum Dspace
... Diabetes mellitus is one of risk factors that contributes to the development of dyslipidemia, which is a leading cause of coronary heart disease in adult life.The aims of the study were to determine the prevalence of dyslipidemia in children with type 1 diabetes and to study the correlation between ...
... Diabetes mellitus is one of risk factors that contributes to the development of dyslipidemia, which is a leading cause of coronary heart disease in adult life.The aims of the study were to determine the prevalence of dyslipidemia in children with type 1 diabetes and to study the correlation between ...
Guidelines Diabetes and Pregnancy: CliniCal Earn 2.0 CME Credits
... care professionals by providing guidance and recommendations for particular areas of practice. The Guidelines should not be considered inclusive of all proper approaches or methods, or exclusive of others. The Guidelines cannot guarantee any specific outcome, nor do they establish a standard of care ...
... care professionals by providing guidance and recommendations for particular areas of practice. The Guidelines should not be considered inclusive of all proper approaches or methods, or exclusive of others. The Guidelines cannot guarantee any specific outcome, nor do they establish a standard of care ...
Type 1 Diabetes and Vigorous Exercise: Applications
... release of glucose-counterregulatory hormones caused by previous exposure to either exercise or hypoglycemia (Figure 1B). Normally, both hypoglycemia and exercise cause similar increases in glucagon secretion, reductions in insulin secretion, sympathetic nervous system activity and activation of the ...
... release of glucose-counterregulatory hormones caused by previous exposure to either exercise or hypoglycemia (Figure 1B). Normally, both hypoglycemia and exercise cause similar increases in glucagon secretion, reductions in insulin secretion, sympathetic nervous system activity and activation of the ...
Standards of Medical Care in Diabetes—2017
... and bladder. The association may result from shared risk factors between diabetes and cancer (older age, obesity, and physical inactivity) or diabetes-related factors such as underlying disease physiology or diabetes treatments, although evidence for these links is scarce. Patients with diabetes sho ...
... and bladder. The association may result from shared risk factors between diabetes and cancer (older age, obesity, and physical inactivity) or diabetes-related factors such as underlying disease physiology or diabetes treatments, although evidence for these links is scarce. Patients with diabetes sho ...
The Hospital Management of Hypoglycaemia in Adults
... 5) Document event in patient’s notes. Ensure regular capillary blood glucose monitoring is continued for 24 to 48 hours. Ask the patient to continue this at home if they are to be discharged. Give hypoglycaemia education or refer to diabetes inpatient ...
... 5) Document event in patient’s notes. Ensure regular capillary blood glucose monitoring is continued for 24 to 48 hours. Ask the patient to continue this at home if they are to be discharged. Give hypoglycaemia education or refer to diabetes inpatient ...
Defining the Ideal Injection Techniques When Using 5
... More recently, 4-mm needles inserted vertically were shown to be safe and effective in the majority of lean children and adults (12). However, no evidence-based recommendations exist for 5-mm needles, which are being used with increasing frequency. Although there are some data on children with other ...
... More recently, 4-mm needles inserted vertically were shown to be safe and effective in the majority of lean children and adults (12). However, no evidence-based recommendations exist for 5-mm needles, which are being used with increasing frequency. Although there are some data on children with other ...
The Pig as an Animal Model for Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus
... within the pancreas. In the human pancreas there are 1-2 million islets, each containing 50300 endocrine cells. The islets constitute only 1-2% of the pancreatic mass. Islets of Langerhans comprise four different cell types, α-cells, β-cells, δ-cells and F-cells. β-cell make up 60-75% of a typical i ...
... within the pancreas. In the human pancreas there are 1-2 million islets, each containing 50300 endocrine cells. The islets constitute only 1-2% of the pancreatic mass. Islets of Langerhans comprise four different cell types, α-cells, β-cells, δ-cells and F-cells. β-cell make up 60-75% of a typical i ...
et al. Diabetes Care
... results of the four studies were inconsistent, and that a relationship between insulin glargine and cancer could neither be confirmed nor excluded. They announced that they would undertake further detailed assessment of the studies’ results and any other relevant information, including several poten ...
... results of the four studies were inconsistent, and that a relationship between insulin glargine and cancer could neither be confirmed nor excluded. They announced that they would undertake further detailed assessment of the studies’ results and any other relevant information, including several poten ...
Hyperglycemia and Acute Coronary SyndromeA Scientific Statement
... recognized diabetes than in those with established diabetes. Although the specific pathophysiological mechanisms behind this phenomenon are not well understood, several potential explanations exist. Some hyperglycemic patients without known diabetes (particularly those with severe hyperglycemia) lik ...
... recognized diabetes than in those with established diabetes. Although the specific pathophysiological mechanisms behind this phenomenon are not well understood, several potential explanations exist. Some hyperglycemic patients without known diabetes (particularly those with severe hyperglycemia) lik ...
Hyperglycemia and Acute Coronary Syndrome A Scientific
... pathophysiological mechanisms behind this phenomenon are not well understood, several potential explanations exist. Some hyperglycemic patients without known diabetes (particularly those with severe hyperglycemia) likely have diabetes that was neither appropriately recognized nor treated before hosp ...
... pathophysiological mechanisms behind this phenomenon are not well understood, several potential explanations exist. Some hyperglycemic patients without known diabetes (particularly those with severe hyperglycemia) likely have diabetes that was neither appropriately recognized nor treated before hosp ...
diabetes 1 - Jacobi Medical Center
... • Ongoing Screening for longterm microsvascular complications (at least yearly) ...
... • Ongoing Screening for longterm microsvascular complications (at least yearly) ...
wandsworth diabetes guidelines
... place for clinical judgment, experience and common sense. If decisions significantly depart from the recommended guidelines, it is advised that the reasons for this should be fully documented in the patient’s notes when they are made. The treatment and targets should be based upon the latest clinica ...
... place for clinical judgment, experience and common sense. If decisions significantly depart from the recommended guidelines, it is advised that the reasons for this should be fully documented in the patient’s notes when they are made. The treatment and targets should be based upon the latest clinica ...
adjusting insulin doses
... U-500 = 500 units/mL, U-100 = 100 units/mL, TDI: total daily insulin, CSII: continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion, U-500R: U-500 regular human insulin, TDD: total daily dose (of insulin), A1C: glycated hemoglobin aSimplified algorithm for conversion from previous TDD of U-100 insulins to U-500 re ...
... U-500 = 500 units/mL, U-100 = 100 units/mL, TDI: total daily insulin, CSII: continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion, U-500R: U-500 regular human insulin, TDD: total daily dose (of insulin), A1C: glycated hemoglobin aSimplified algorithm for conversion from previous TDD of U-100 insulins to U-500 re ...
Gestational diabetes
Gestational diabetes (or gestational diabetes mellitus, GDM) is a condition in which women without previously diagnosed diabetes exhibit high blood glucose (blood sugar) levels during pregnancy (especially during their third trimester). Gestational diabetes is caused when insulin receptors do not function properly. This is likely due to pregnancy-related factors such as the presence of human placental lactogen that interferes with susceptible insulin receptors. This in turn causes inappropriately elevated blood sugar levels.Gestational diabetes generally has few symptoms and it is most commonly diagnosed by screening during pregnancy. Diagnostic tests detect inappropriately high levels of glucose in blood samples. Gestational diabetes affects 3-10% of pregnancies, depending on the population studied.As with diabetes mellitus in pregnancy in general, babies born to mothers with untreated gestational diabetes are typically at increased risk of problems such as being large for gestational age (which may lead to delivery complications), low blood sugar, and jaundice. If untreated, it can also cause seizures or stillbirth. Gestational diabetes is a treatable condition and women who have adequate control of glucose levels can effectively decrease these risks. The food plan is often the first recommended target for strategic management of GDM.Women with unmanaged gestational diabetes are at increased risk of developing type 2 diabetes mellitus (or, very rarely, latent autoimmune diabetes or Type 1) after pregnancy, as well as having a higher incidence of pre-eclampsia and Caesarean section; their offspring are prone to developing childhood obesity, with type 2 diabetes later in life. Most women are able to manage their blood glucose levels with a modified diet and the introduction of moderate exercise, but some require antidiabetic drugs, including insulin.