Reciprocal regulation of the neural and innate immune systems
... death of a spouse, low socio-economic status or social isolation — and an increased risk of infectious disease (presumably owing to insufficient expression of immune response genes). The risk of inflammationassociated cardiovascular, autoimmune, neurodegenerative and neoplastic diseases is also incr ...
... death of a spouse, low socio-economic status or social isolation — and an increased risk of infectious disease (presumably owing to insufficient expression of immune response genes). The risk of inflammationassociated cardiovascular, autoimmune, neurodegenerative and neoplastic diseases is also incr ...
Host resistance and the evolution of kin recognition in
... female) (Strand 1989). The number of reproductive progeny per host are similar between brood types, but female eggs produce many soldiers whereas male eggs produce almost none (Ode & Strand 1995). This asymmetry in soldier development probably evolved because of the mating structure of C. floridanum ...
... female) (Strand 1989). The number of reproductive progeny per host are similar between brood types, but female eggs produce many soldiers whereas male eggs produce almost none (Ode & Strand 1995). This asymmetry in soldier development probably evolved because of the mating structure of C. floridanum ...
Peroxisome proliferator–activated receptor (PPAR){alpha
... mice (n = 8–10/group) were immunized with MOG p35-55 in CFA and given intravenous injections of pertussis toxin on days 0 and 2 after immunization. (A and B) Mean + SEM clinical scores of mice in the different groups at various times after immunization. Shown are results of two independent EAE exper ...
... mice (n = 8–10/group) were immunized with MOG p35-55 in CFA and given intravenous injections of pertussis toxin on days 0 and 2 after immunization. (A and B) Mean + SEM clinical scores of mice in the different groups at various times after immunization. Shown are results of two independent EAE exper ...
Integrated Immune and Cardiovascular Function in Pancrustacea
... Fig. 3 Circulation of hemolymph in insects: focusing on the order Diptera. (A) Structure of the insect circulatory system. The cardiovascular system is composed of hemolymph (blood), a body cavity called the hemocoel (gray), and muscular pumps. The primary hemolymph pump is the dorsal vessel, which ...
... Fig. 3 Circulation of hemolymph in insects: focusing on the order Diptera. (A) Structure of the insect circulatory system. The cardiovascular system is composed of hemolymph (blood), a body cavity called the hemocoel (gray), and muscular pumps. The primary hemolymph pump is the dorsal vessel, which ...
9700/43 UNIVERSITY OF CAMBRIDGE INTERNATIONAL
... carried out to determine the extent to which female corn borers mate with males from their own field, or from outside that field. ...
... carried out to determine the extent to which female corn borers mate with males from their own field, or from outside that field. ...
ECHINODERM IMMUNITY
... classes—echinoids (sea urchins and sand dollars), holothurians (sea cucumbers), asteroids (sea stars), crinoids (sea lilies and feather stars) and ophiuroids (brittle stars), as well as a number of extinct classes known from the fossil record. Many members of the phylum are large and long lived.2 Ec ...
... classes—echinoids (sea urchins and sand dollars), holothurians (sea cucumbers), asteroids (sea stars), crinoids (sea lilies and feather stars) and ophiuroids (brittle stars), as well as a number of extinct classes known from the fossil record. Many members of the phylum are large and long lived.2 Ec ...
Thioaptamer decoy targeting of AP-1 proteins influences cytokine
... Kerppola, 2001) and can act as negative regulators at AP-1binding sites (Suzuki et al., 1991; Sonobe et al., 1995). The regulation of AP-1 activity is complex and occurs through: (i) changes in jun and fos transcription and mRNA turnover, (ii) Fos and Jun protein turnover, (iii) post-translational m ...
... Kerppola, 2001) and can act as negative regulators at AP-1binding sites (Suzuki et al., 1991; Sonobe et al., 1995). The regulation of AP-1 activity is complex and occurs through: (i) changes in jun and fos transcription and mRNA turnover, (ii) Fos and Jun protein turnover, (iii) post-translational m ...
- SlideBoom
... What is Whey Protein ? • It’s the purest form of Protein found in milk • It absorbs faster in your body and helps in building muscles • It contains amino acids which helps in muscle recovery faster ...
... What is Whey Protein ? • It’s the purest form of Protein found in milk • It absorbs faster in your body and helps in building muscles • It contains amino acids which helps in muscle recovery faster ...
2. Structure and Function 2.1 External Anatomy 10 2.1.1 Integument
... Their senses are in many regards much more outstanding, subtle and sensitive than the senses of most other animals. Insects develop from an egg cell via several larval instars, appearing to be completely different life forms from the adults at the end of the development. One advantage of being small ...
... Their senses are in many regards much more outstanding, subtle and sensitive than the senses of most other animals. Insects develop from an egg cell via several larval instars, appearing to be completely different life forms from the adults at the end of the development. One advantage of being small ...
Explaining Therapies – Annemieke Aartsma-Rus
... • How does drug development work • What genetic approaches are in development to replace dystrophin? ...
... • How does drug development work • What genetic approaches are in development to replace dystrophin? ...
μMACS™ Epitope Tag Protein Isolation Kits
... Product applications Reagent and instrument requirements ...
... Product applications Reagent and instrument requirements ...
Maternal Recognition of Pregnancy
... Blastocysts, once they have escaped from the zona pellucida, develop in markedly different ways. Mouse and human blastocysts almost immediately attach to the uterine surface and begin to invade, although the manners in which the two trophoblasts breach the epithelium and colonize the stromal layer b ...
... Blastocysts, once they have escaped from the zona pellucida, develop in markedly different ways. Mouse and human blastocysts almost immediately attach to the uterine surface and begin to invade, although the manners in which the two trophoblasts breach the epithelium and colonize the stromal layer b ...
1 - Webgarden
... for future extensive use. They were demonstrated to activate effective immunity against both infectious agents and tumour cells. However, the immune responses induced are usually weak when compared with other types of vaccines. Several strategies have been developed to increase the efficacy of DNA v ...
... for future extensive use. They were demonstrated to activate effective immunity against both infectious agents and tumour cells. However, the immune responses induced are usually weak when compared with other types of vaccines. Several strategies have been developed to increase the efficacy of DNA v ...
Ch. 46 Lecture 46_Lecture_2014
... Concept 46.1: Both asexual and sexual reproduction occur in the animal kingdom • Sexual reproduction is the creation of an offspring by fusion of a male gamete (sperm) and female gamete (egg) to form a zygote • Asexual reproduction is creation of offspring without the fusion of egg and sperm ...
... Concept 46.1: Both asexual and sexual reproduction occur in the animal kingdom • Sexual reproduction is the creation of an offspring by fusion of a male gamete (sperm) and female gamete (egg) to form a zygote • Asexual reproduction is creation of offspring without the fusion of egg and sperm ...
Regulatory T cells control tolerogenic versus autoimmune response
... animals (4). More alarming is a positive statistical correlation with prostate cancer in long-term vasectomized humans (5, 6). Although not confirmed (4), the initial findings have continued to influence clinical decisions regarding vasectomy (7). Despite the uncertainties, studies on the basic mechani ...
... animals (4). More alarming is a positive statistical correlation with prostate cancer in long-term vasectomized humans (5, 6). Although not confirmed (4), the initial findings have continued to influence clinical decisions regarding vasectomy (7). Despite the uncertainties, studies on the basic mechani ...
Nuclear calcium is required for human T cell activation
... To investigate possible functional differences of nuclear and cytoplasmic calcium signals, we transfected primary human pan-T cells with expression vectors for either CaMBP4 fused to mCherry (CaMBP4.mCherry) or mCherry as a control. CaMBP4.mCherry is a nuclear protein that contains four repeats of t ...
... To investigate possible functional differences of nuclear and cytoplasmic calcium signals, we transfected primary human pan-T cells with expression vectors for either CaMBP4 fused to mCherry (CaMBP4.mCherry) or mCherry as a control. CaMBP4.mCherry is a nuclear protein that contains four repeats of t ...
Chapter 1: General introduction - UvA-DARE
... use of in-dwelling devices like catheters and stents, improved survival of immune-suppressed patients and an increase in infections acquired in a hospital setting. Human fungal pathogens can be divided into environmental fungi that enter the human body accidentally and opportunistic fungi that colon ...
... use of in-dwelling devices like catheters and stents, improved survival of immune-suppressed patients and an increase in infections acquired in a hospital setting. Human fungal pathogens can be divided into environmental fungi that enter the human body accidentally and opportunistic fungi that colon ...
the complement system
... Proteins of the classical pathway: There are at least fifteen complements proteins designated as C1 to C15, of which C1 to C9 are involved in a specific sequence to cause cell lyses and perform some other biologically significant function. The complement protein C1 to C9 are arranged on the basis of ...
... Proteins of the classical pathway: There are at least fifteen complements proteins designated as C1 to C15, of which C1 to C9 are involved in a specific sequence to cause cell lyses and perform some other biologically significant function. The complement protein C1 to C9 are arranged on the basis of ...
Lecture 2: Introduction to Complement
... Phase I - Generation of C3 Convertase & C3b opsonization. A. Generation of Soluble C3 convertase: 1. C3 (soluble) spontaneous hydrolysis of thio-ester, producing iC3. 2. iC3 (soluble) binds factor B, producing iC3-B complex 3. Factor D cleaves B to give Ba + Bb, iC3Bb complex, a soluble C3 convertas ...
... Phase I - Generation of C3 Convertase & C3b opsonization. A. Generation of Soluble C3 convertase: 1. C3 (soluble) spontaneous hydrolysis of thio-ester, producing iC3. 2. iC3 (soluble) binds factor B, producing iC3-B complex 3. Factor D cleaves B to give Ba + Bb, iC3Bb complex, a soluble C3 convertas ...
Antibody response to DBY minor histocompatibility antigen is
... kidney cells. The homologous DBX protein and HIV protein p24 were also synthesized by means of similar methods to provide specificity controls. All patients and donors were previously screened for antibody to HIVp24 and were known to be negative. Western blotting experiments shown in Figure 1 were u ...
... kidney cells. The homologous DBX protein and HIV protein p24 were also synthesized by means of similar methods to provide specificity controls. All patients and donors were previously screened for antibody to HIVp24 and were known to be negative. Western blotting experiments shown in Figure 1 were u ...
1 The diagram shows part of a pre-mRNA molecule. 1 (a) (i) Name
... approximately 2.5 mm long. Males are smaller and possess a distinct black patch on their bodies. Females lay up to 400 eggs which develop into adults in 7 to 14 days. Fruit flies will survive and breed in small flasks containing a simple nutrient medium consisting mainly of sugars. ...
... approximately 2.5 mm long. Males are smaller and possess a distinct black patch on their bodies. Females lay up to 400 eggs which develop into adults in 7 to 14 days. Fruit flies will survive and breed in small flasks containing a simple nutrient medium consisting mainly of sugars. ...
Mouse ENU Mutagenesis to Understand Immunity to Infection
... introduction of putative mutations in a given gene. In addition, recently developed genomic resources have further facilitated the use of genetically modified mice by the scientific community. These include large libraries of knock-out and conditional knock-out mice produced by international consort ...
... introduction of putative mutations in a given gene. In addition, recently developed genomic resources have further facilitated the use of genetically modified mice by the scientific community. These include large libraries of knock-out and conditional knock-out mice produced by international consort ...
Immune System Pathways of the Innate and Adaptive Functions of
... Address correspondence and reprint requests to Dr. Robert Julian Binder, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, E1058 Biomedical Science Tower, 200 Lothrop Street, ...
... Address correspondence and reprint requests to Dr. Robert Julian Binder, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, E1058 Biomedical Science Tower, 200 Lothrop Street, ...
cliff
... Once CD14 has been activated, additional complications arise in describing the path of the signal from outside the macrophage to the intra-cellular components. It is not known for sure by what mechanism that CD14 relays it's signal to within the intra-cellular domain. Recently, either TLR2 has been ...
... Once CD14 has been activated, additional complications arise in describing the path of the signal from outside the macrophage to the intra-cellular components. It is not known for sure by what mechanism that CD14 relays it's signal to within the intra-cellular domain. Recently, either TLR2 has been ...
Inflammation Adjuvants in Sterile and Septic Heat Shock Proteins as
... well-known targets in MS (50). These HSP-peptide complexes facilitate peptide up-take and presentation, increasing the activation of the Ag-specific T cells that drive the disease (49, 51). Similar observations have been made in the synovial fluid of rheumatoid arthritis patients, where HSP70 comple ...
... well-known targets in MS (50). These HSP-peptide complexes facilitate peptide up-take and presentation, increasing the activation of the Ag-specific T cells that drive the disease (49, 51). Similar observations have been made in the synovial fluid of rheumatoid arthritis patients, where HSP70 comple ...
Drosophila melanogaster
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Drosophila melanogaster is a species of fly (the taxonomic order Diptera) in the family Drosophilidae. The species is known generally as the common fruit fly or vinegar fly. Starting with Charles W. Woodworth's proposal of the use of this species as a model organism, D. melanogaster continues to be widely used for biological research in studies of genetics, physiology, microbial pathogenesis, and life history evolution. It is typically used because it is an animal species that is easy to care for, has four pairs of chromosomes, breeds quickly, and lays many eggs. D. melanogaster is a common pest in homes, restaurants, and other occupied places where food is served.Flies belonging to the family Tephritidae are also called ""fruit flies"". This can cause confusion, especially in Australia and South Africa, where the Mediterranean fruit fly Ceratitis capitata is an economic pest.