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r - Calvin College
r - Calvin College

Rev. PrI
Rev. PrI

... splitter are buffered to drive the LO inputs of two Gilbertcell mixers. Two differential V-to-I converters connected to the I- and Q-channel baseband inputs provide the tail currents for the mixers. The outputs of the two mixers are summed together by a differential buffer to drive 50 ohm loads. The ...
Analog Input / Output Modules
Analog Input / Output Modules

... variety of sensors and actuators can be connected using standard current (0 to 20 mA and 4 to 20 mA) and voltage range (±10 V to 100 mV) signal types. A 16-bit resolution also enables measurements from signals that do not make full use of the measuring range (e.g. 0 to 5 V) at sufficiently higher re ...
SiGe BiCMOS Precision Voltage References for
SiGe BiCMOS Precision Voltage References for

... the power supply changes, at five different temperatures, for the Cryo Ge #2 version of the reference circuit. As can be seen, the line regulation remains well-behaved across the extreme temperature ...
RC SNUBBERS (SMPS) - Illinois Capacitor
RC SNUBBERS (SMPS) - Illinois Capacitor

... RC SNUBBERS (SMPS) Snubbers are energy-absorbing circuits used to suppress the voltage spikes caused by the circuit's inductance when a switch, electrical or mechanical, opens. The most common snubber circuit is a capacitor and resistor connected in series across the switch (transistor). ...
Lab 1 - Rose
Lab 1 - Rose

... 3.8 Record predicted current, measured current, and percentage error. Comment on how closely Ohm’s law is satisfied for the 1.5 k resistor. 3.9 Deactivate the power supply, remove the DMM from the circuit, and set the DMM back to DC V. You will blow a fuse if you later try to measure voltage with t ...
Chapter 18: Direct Current Circuits
Chapter 18: Direct Current Circuits

MAX6968 8-Port, 5.5V Constant-Current LED Driver General Description Features
MAX6968 8-Port, 5.5V Constant-Current LED Driver General Description Features

... interface driving eight constant-current sinking opendrain output ports. The outputs drive LEDs in either static or multiplex applications (Figure 1). The constantcurrent outputs are guaranteed for current accuracy not only with chip-supply voltage variations (5V ±10% and 3V to 5.5V), but also over ...
Chapter 1 Introduction to Electronics
Chapter 1 Introduction to Electronics

... components. Therefore a dc power supply is essential for the operation of its active components. An electronic processing or amplifier devices also need different power source than its DC operating power source called input signal. • This input signal characteristics and power can be modified by the ...
Design of High-Speed Multi Bit Logic Decoder for Current Mode
Design of High-Speed Multi Bit Logic Decoder for Current Mode

... to generate logic on the basis of input current to the circuit, therefore if the current generation is based on logic pattern then further to decode the logic from the current, such circuits could be used. It would be applicable in efficient flash memories logic decoder or similar other decoders, as ...
Pressure Sensor Auto-Referencing
Pressure Sensor Auto-Referencing

... trade-off. As the span increases, resolution of the correction decreases. The designer determines the allowable resolution for a given auto-zero application. If a greater resolution is necessary, either decrease the auto-zero range or switch to a larger bit A/D converter. Each additional bit will in ...
AppNote Triac Coupler
AppNote Triac Coupler

... indirectly by means of a photocurrent generator on the detector side; however, the designer can treat this current just the same as the trigger current for any standard TRIAC. This has to be qualified with the caveat that when calculating the worst case IFT, one has to go through a worst case analys ...
Chapter 9: Circuits
Chapter 9: Circuits

... In PARALLEL circuits the current can take more than one path. ...
Series and Parallel circuits
Series and Parallel circuits

... 1. Connect the Current Probe to Channel 1 and the Differential Voltage Probe to Channel 2 of the interface. 2. Open the file “26a Series Parallel Circ” in the Physics with Computers folder. Current and voltage readings will be displayed in a meter. 3. Connect together the two voltage leads (red and ...
Experiment 2K: Kirchhoff`s Rulest
Experiment 2K: Kirchhoff`s Rulest

Crossbar
Crossbar

PDF
PDF

1 Static Characteristics I
1 Static Characteristics I

History of AC - Portal UniMAP
History of AC - Portal UniMAP

AC Circuits - WordPress.com
AC Circuits - WordPress.com

... • Kirchhoff’s Current Law : Summation of current phasors entering and leaving a node is equal to zero. • Currents must be added vectorially-currents entering are positive, and currents leaving are negative ...
Ohm`s Law
Ohm`s Law

... to investigate the factors upon which the resistance of a conductor depends. THEORY: The basic idea of an electrical CIRCUIT is that the power supply "pushes" electrical charges around the circuit similar to the way a pump pushes water in a fountain. The resulting flow of charges is called the CURRE ...
20 - COMSATS Institute of Information Technology, Virtual
20 - COMSATS Institute of Information Technology, Virtual

SystempaK Single-P/ I Converter Model : KUX122/127
SystempaK Single-P/ I Converter Model : KUX122/127

... a 250-ohm precision resistor and a digital voltmeter in parallel to the corresponding terminals. NOTE : The 4 - 20 mA DC current output can be measured more accurately by connecting a 250-ohm precision resistor in series to develop a voltage drop of 1 - 5V DC across the resistor and measuring this v ...
Parametric Sweep Simulation of a BJT
Parametric Sweep Simulation of a BJT

d B
d B

< 1 ... 601 602 603 604 605 606 607 608 609 ... 984 >

Current mirror

A current mirror is a circuit designed to copy a current through one active device by controlling the current in another active device of a circuit, keeping the output current constant regardless of loading. The current being 'copied' can be, and sometimes is, a varying signal current. Conceptually, an ideal current mirror is simply an ideal inverting current amplifier that reverses the current direction as well or it is a current-controlled current source (CCCS). The current mirror is used to provide bias currents and active loads to circuits. It can also be used to model a more realistic current source (since ideal current sources don't exist).The circuit topology covered here is one that appears in many monolithic ICs. It is a Widlar mirror without an emitter degeneration resistor in the follower (output) transistor. This topology can only be done in an IC as the matching has to be extremely close and cannot be achieved with discretes.Another topology is the Wilson mirror. The Wilson mirror solves the Early effect voltage problem in his design.
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