mGluR-dependent persistent firing in entorhinal cortex layer III neurons SYNAPTIC MECHANISMS Motoharu Yoshida,
... antagonist scopolamine in humans (Schon et al., 2005), and scopolamine has been shown to impair performance of delayed matching tasks (Penetar & McDonough, 1983; Robbins et al., 1997; Koller et al., 2003). On the other hand, recent in vivo findings have shown an involvement of group I metabotropic gl ...
... antagonist scopolamine in humans (Schon et al., 2005), and scopolamine has been shown to impair performance of delayed matching tasks (Penetar & McDonough, 1983; Robbins et al., 1997; Koller et al., 2003). On the other hand, recent in vivo findings have shown an involvement of group I metabotropic gl ...
Effects of acetylcholine on neuronal properties in entorhinal cortex James G. Heys
... there are neurons in the MSDB that express a range of classical neurotransmitters and neurohormones, this review focuses on the population of putative cholinergic neurons expressing choline acetyltransferase (ChAT) and the separate population of GABAergic neurons expressing GAD, which together compr ...
... there are neurons in the MSDB that express a range of classical neurotransmitters and neurohormones, this review focuses on the population of putative cholinergic neurons expressing choline acetyltransferase (ChAT) and the separate population of GABAergic neurons expressing GAD, which together compr ...
Structural Changes in AMPA-Receptive Neurons in the Nucleus of
... between the 2 strains. We measured blood pressure in 5-week-old SHR and WKY and then examined their GluR1 puncta density in the NTS. The 5-week-old SHR were not hypertensive (Figure 2A), and they did not have a greater number of GluR1-labeled puncta compared with age-matched WKY (Figure 2C). These r ...
... between the 2 strains. We measured blood pressure in 5-week-old SHR and WKY and then examined their GluR1 puncta density in the NTS. The 5-week-old SHR were not hypertensive (Figure 2A), and they did not have a greater number of GluR1-labeled puncta compared with age-matched WKY (Figure 2C). These r ...
Dynamics of Learning and Recall ... Recurrent Synapses and Cholinergic Modulation
... Hippocampal region CA3 contains extensive recurrent excitation, mediatedby synapsesof the longitudinal associationfibers that arise from region CA3 pyramidal cells and terminate on other pyramidal cells along the septotemporalaxis of the hippocampus(seeAmaral and Witter, 1989, for review). Extensive ...
... Hippocampal region CA3 contains extensive recurrent excitation, mediatedby synapsesof the longitudinal associationfibers that arise from region CA3 pyramidal cells and terminate on other pyramidal cells along the septotemporalaxis of the hippocampus(seeAmaral and Witter, 1989, for review). Extensive ...
Bayesian Spiking Neurons II: Learning
... Hebbian-style learning rules (Hebb, 1949) find such correlations (Hebb, 1984; Bishop, 1995; Bell & Sejnowski, 1995) and have strong experimental support (Bliss & Collingridge, 1993). However, recent evidence suggests that synaptic long-term plasticity rules depend not only on the average coactivatio ...
... Hebbian-style learning rules (Hebb, 1949) find such correlations (Hebb, 1984; Bishop, 1995; Bell & Sejnowski, 1995) and have strong experimental support (Bliss & Collingridge, 1993). However, recent evidence suggests that synaptic long-term plasticity rules depend not only on the average coactivatio ...
Neural Mechanisms of Addiction
... A great deal is known about the initial interactions of addictive drugs with the nervous system. For example, all the proteins that serve as initial molecular targets for addictive drugs have been cloned and characterized (Table 1). It has been far more challenging to identify behaviorally relevant ...
... A great deal is known about the initial interactions of addictive drugs with the nervous system. For example, all the proteins that serve as initial molecular targets for addictive drugs have been cloned and characterized (Table 1). It has been far more challenging to identify behaviorally relevant ...
Calcium-Independent Afterdepolarization Regulated by Serotonin in
... the ADP (Luthi and McCormick 1998), we found that a strong ADP survived even after buffering intracellular calcium and blocking calcium channels. Further, we found that serotonin could increase this calcium independent form of the IADP. How can a hyperpolarization induce this ADP? Luthi and McCormic ...
... the ADP (Luthi and McCormick 1998), we found that a strong ADP survived even after buffering intracellular calcium and blocking calcium channels. Further, we found that serotonin could increase this calcium independent form of the IADP. How can a hyperpolarization induce this ADP? Luthi and McCormic ...
Regulation of synaptic functions in central nervous system by
... intake were markedly reduced in mice with specific deletion of NMDARs in AgRP neurons. Interestingly, the deletion of NMDARs in POMC neurons had no effect on energy homoeostasis. Furthermore, they showed that fasting activated AgRP neurons and increased the synaptic strength due to increased AMPA (α ...
... intake were markedly reduced in mice with specific deletion of NMDARs in AgRP neurons. Interestingly, the deletion of NMDARs in POMC neurons had no effect on energy homoeostasis. Furthermore, they showed that fasting activated AgRP neurons and increased the synaptic strength due to increased AMPA (α ...
Rapid Critical Period Induction by Tonic Inhibition in Visual Cortex
... To better understand how inhibition induces plasticity in vivo, we determined the timing requirement for GABAergic transmission using the GAD65 KO mouse model and systematically varying the period of diazepam exposure before and/or during a saturating 4 d MD. We found an initial 2 d infusion to be s ...
... To better understand how inhibition induces plasticity in vivo, we determined the timing requirement for GABAergic transmission using the GAD65 KO mouse model and systematically varying the period of diazepam exposure before and/or during a saturating 4 d MD. We found an initial 2 d infusion to be s ...
Temporal Profiles of Axon Terminals, Synapses and Spines in the
... 48-hour, 4 days, and 1, 5, 8, and 12 weeks after the ischemic insult. Anesthetization was followed by intracardiac perfusion with diluted fixative (1% paraformaldehyde, 1.25% glutaraldehyde in 0.1 mol/L cacodylate buffer) for 5 minutes, followed by perfusion with concentrated fixative (4% paraformal ...
... 48-hour, 4 days, and 1, 5, 8, and 12 weeks after the ischemic insult. Anesthetization was followed by intracardiac perfusion with diluted fixative (1% paraformaldehyde, 1.25% glutaraldehyde in 0.1 mol/L cacodylate buffer) for 5 minutes, followed by perfusion with concentrated fixative (4% paraformal ...
Endocannabinoids and Neurodegenerative Disorders: Parkinson`s
... to those neuroprotective agents studied more frequently: N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) and α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid (AMPA) receptor antagonists (dizocilpine); calcium channel blockers (nimodipine); antioxidants (coenzyme Q10, N-acetylcysteine); and anti-inflammatory compoun ...
... to those neuroprotective agents studied more frequently: N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) and α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid (AMPA) receptor antagonists (dizocilpine); calcium channel blockers (nimodipine); antioxidants (coenzyme Q10, N-acetylcysteine); and anti-inflammatory compoun ...
Document
... Research in Dr. Jaffe’s lab focuses on the hippocampal formation; a brain region important for certain aspects of learning and memory. It is also one of the first brain structures affected by Alzheimer's disease and medial temporal lobe epilepsy arises in the hippocampus, among other brain structure ...
... Research in Dr. Jaffe’s lab focuses on the hippocampal formation; a brain region important for certain aspects of learning and memory. It is also one of the first brain structures affected by Alzheimer's disease and medial temporal lobe epilepsy arises in the hippocampus, among other brain structure ...
Excitatory and Inhibitory Synaptic Placement and Functional
... synaptic distributions on different neuronal types. Yet, both methods have inherent limitations. As a cell fill, Golgi stain can at best identify spines on cells with spiney dendrites, while all inhibitory synapses as well as excitatory synapses on aspiny dendrites remain invisible. EM is limited by ...
... synaptic distributions on different neuronal types. Yet, both methods have inherent limitations. As a cell fill, Golgi stain can at best identify spines on cells with spiney dendrites, while all inhibitory synapses as well as excitatory synapses on aspiny dendrites remain invisible. EM is limited by ...
The Matrix Protein Hikaru genki Localizes to Cholinergic Synaptic
... al., 2010). In most microglomeruli, a discrete pattern of Hig staining was observed in the surrounding regions of ChATpositive projection neuron axon terminals (Fig. 1I). These immunohistochemical data from antennal lobe, MB, and other brain regions, including the optic lobes (see Fig. 3 A, B), indi ...
... al., 2010). In most microglomeruli, a discrete pattern of Hig staining was observed in the surrounding regions of ChATpositive projection neuron axon terminals (Fig. 1I). These immunohistochemical data from antennal lobe, MB, and other brain regions, including the optic lobes (see Fig. 3 A, B), indi ...
Self Assessment Chapter 11 part 2 - CM
... becomes more negative, returning to resting membrane potential • Hyperpolarization – cell becomes more negative than its normal resting membrane potential due to loss of potassium ions (cations) plus gain negatively charged ions such as chloride (Figure 11.14b) © 2016 Pearson Education, Inc. ...
... becomes more negative, returning to resting membrane potential • Hyperpolarization – cell becomes more negative than its normal resting membrane potential due to loss of potassium ions (cations) plus gain negatively charged ions such as chloride (Figure 11.14b) © 2016 Pearson Education, Inc. ...
Synaptic Transmission between Dorsal Root Ganglion and Dorsal
... that received monosynaptic DRG input. No significant variation was found in the properties of neurons obtained from different platings and from cultures maintained 4 to 12 weeks in vitro. In low concentrations of divalent cations (3 mM Ca’+, 0.9 mM Mg2+), spontaneous postsynaptic potentials were det ...
... that received monosynaptic DRG input. No significant variation was found in the properties of neurons obtained from different platings and from cultures maintained 4 to 12 weeks in vitro. In low concentrations of divalent cations (3 mM Ca’+, 0.9 mM Mg2+), spontaneous postsynaptic potentials were det ...
Forebrain glutamatergic neurons mediate leptin action on
... expressed in forebrain glutamatergic neurons.35–37 We characterized the behavioral, neuroendocrine and electrophysiological phenotypes of these mice. Moreover, we examined the responses of these mice to the antidepressant-like behavioral effects of a GluN2B antagonist and leptin. Our results suggest ...
... expressed in forebrain glutamatergic neurons.35–37 We characterized the behavioral, neuroendocrine and electrophysiological phenotypes of these mice. Moreover, we examined the responses of these mice to the antidepressant-like behavioral effects of a GluN2B antagonist and leptin. Our results suggest ...
serotonin
... may be successful, although they are experimentally challenging and time-consuming. It is not known whether other 5-HT receptors, or for that matter other G protein-coupled receptors, are subject to RNA editing. It seems likely that the 5-HT2C receptor would not be unique. However, screening methods ...
... may be successful, although they are experimentally challenging and time-consuming. It is not known whether other 5-HT receptors, or for that matter other G protein-coupled receptors, are subject to RNA editing. It seems likely that the 5-HT2C receptor would not be unique. However, screening methods ...
Vesicular glutamate transporters (VGLUTs): The three musketeers of
... (Persson et al. 2006) and in the cerebellum (Boulland et al. 2004), where a developmental switch from one isoform to another can be seen (Miyazaki et al. 2003). It was proposed that in these neurons VGLUTs can be segregated to different synapse populations (segregation model) or colocalized in the s ...
... (Persson et al. 2006) and in the cerebellum (Boulland et al. 2004), where a developmental switch from one isoform to another can be seen (Miyazaki et al. 2003). It was proposed that in these neurons VGLUTs can be segregated to different synapse populations (segregation model) or colocalized in the s ...
Non-NMDA and NMDA receptors transmit area postrema input to
... AP and baroreceptor inputs (5). Facilitative interactions at NTS synapses have also been demonstrated for AP and vagal afferent inputs (5) in the intact rabbit and for AP and solitary tract inputs in a rabbit brain stem slice (18). One important step in delineating the nature of AP modulation of bar ...
... AP and baroreceptor inputs (5). Facilitative interactions at NTS synapses have also been demonstrated for AP and vagal afferent inputs (5) in the intact rabbit and for AP and solitary tract inputs in a rabbit brain stem slice (18). One important step in delineating the nature of AP modulation of bar ...
spiking neuron models - Assets - Cambridge
... Over the past hundred years, biological research has accumulated an enormous amount of detailed knowledge about the structure and function of the brain. The elementary processing units in the central nervous system are neurons which are connected to each other in an intricate pattern. A tiny portion ...
... Over the past hundred years, biological research has accumulated an enormous amount of detailed knowledge about the structure and function of the brain. The elementary processing units in the central nervous system are neurons which are connected to each other in an intricate pattern. A tiny portion ...
Presence of vesicular glutamate transporter-2 in
... projections to the ME contain immunoreactivity for VGLUT2. These observations indicate the capability of the inhibitory SS neurosecretory system to cosecrete the excitatory amino acid neurotransmitter, l-glutamate. Glutamate is an important regulator of anterior pituitary functions, including regula ...
... projections to the ME contain immunoreactivity for VGLUT2. These observations indicate the capability of the inhibitory SS neurosecretory system to cosecrete the excitatory amino acid neurotransmitter, l-glutamate. Glutamate is an important regulator of anterior pituitary functions, including regula ...
Cerebellum. - Department of Physiology
... (Fig. 32.9).] The three layers of this cortex are named - beginning from the pial surface the molecular layer, the Purkinje cell layer, and the granular layer. The cerebellar cortex contains: (1) a single type of efferent neuron, the Purkinje cells (PCs), which are inhibitory and project to the cere ...
... (Fig. 32.9).] The three layers of this cortex are named - beginning from the pial surface the molecular layer, the Purkinje cell layer, and the granular layer. The cerebellar cortex contains: (1) a single type of efferent neuron, the Purkinje cells (PCs), which are inhibitory and project to the cere ...