Efficient Event-Driven Simulation of Large Networks of Spiking
... We have found some attempts in this direction. An event-driven approach, similar in concept to the approach presented here, was first proposed by Watts (1994). It is rather general and flexible but not very suitable for large networks with extensive randomness because a specific “event” is generated ...
... We have found some attempts in this direction. An event-driven approach, similar in concept to the approach presented here, was first proposed by Watts (1994). It is rather general and flexible but not very suitable for large networks with extensive randomness because a specific “event” is generated ...
SEROTONIN RECEPTORS
... regulation of memory in humans due to the high abundance of receptors in the frontal cortex, hippocampus and olfactory bulb, all of which are regions of the brain integral to memory regulation (Shimron-Abarbanell et al. 1995). Functional studies in cells stably expressing 5-HT1E receptors indicate t ...
... regulation of memory in humans due to the high abundance of receptors in the frontal cortex, hippocampus and olfactory bulb, all of which are regions of the brain integral to memory regulation (Shimron-Abarbanell et al. 1995). Functional studies in cells stably expressing 5-HT1E receptors indicate t ...
May 21, 04.doc
... GABAA receptors subunits comprise a family of at least 17 subunits (Davies et al., 1997). Each subunit is expressed in a particular laminar pattern in SI and visual cortex (V1). For instance, in SI and V1, the α1 subunit, which is present in the majority of the GABAA receptors, is densest in layers ...
... GABAA receptors subunits comprise a family of at least 17 subunits (Davies et al., 1997). Each subunit is expressed in a particular laminar pattern in SI and visual cortex (V1). For instance, in SI and V1, the α1 subunit, which is present in the majority of the GABAA receptors, is densest in layers ...
Preferential Termination of Corticorubral Axons on Spine
... Ruthazar, Ryuichi Shirasaki, and Michael Spooner for critically reading this manuscript, Hironobu Katsumaru, Tong-Hang Go, and Kouichi Hashimoto for partial participation in the experiment, Tadashi Isa for continuous encouragement, Masanori Kanda for supplying the experimental animals, Hiroshi Maeba ...
... Ruthazar, Ryuichi Shirasaki, and Michael Spooner for critically reading this manuscript, Hironobu Katsumaru, Tong-Hang Go, and Kouichi Hashimoto for partial participation in the experiment, Tadashi Isa for continuous encouragement, Masanori Kanda for supplying the experimental animals, Hiroshi Maeba ...
P2 Receptor Antagonist Trinitrophenyl-Adenosine
... Both P2X and P2Y receptors are ubiquitously expressed in the CNS and PNS (Kucher and Neary, 2005). In particular, the P2X1 receptor is present on astrocytes of juvenile rats (Kukley et al., 2001), on rat cerebellar granule neurons (Amadio et al., 2002), and on purified synaptosome from rat hippocamp ...
... Both P2X and P2Y receptors are ubiquitously expressed in the CNS and PNS (Kucher and Neary, 2005). In particular, the P2X1 receptor is present on astrocytes of juvenile rats (Kukley et al., 2001), on rat cerebellar granule neurons (Amadio et al., 2002), and on purified synaptosome from rat hippocamp ...
Cerebellar control of the inferior olive
... (18) (Figure 2A) and stimulating the nuclei in rats was also found to inhibit the inferior olive (25). The first studies in cats revealed an inhibition with extremely long latency (w35 ms). This initially cast some doubt on the interpretation that the inhibition was really a monosynaptic effect medi ...
... (18) (Figure 2A) and stimulating the nuclei in rats was also found to inhibit the inferior olive (25). The first studies in cats revealed an inhibition with extremely long latency (w35 ms). This initially cast some doubt on the interpretation that the inhibition was really a monosynaptic effect medi ...
PDF
... a newborn, new functional LINKs are formed between the postsynapses. This then leads to the possibility that activity may also arrive at some of the postsynapses (dendritic spines) of neuron Z through the re-activation of their functional LINKs with other postsynapses either by baseline oscillatory ...
... a newborn, new functional LINKs are formed between the postsynapses. This then leads to the possibility that activity may also arrive at some of the postsynapses (dendritic spines) of neuron Z through the re-activation of their functional LINKs with other postsynapses either by baseline oscillatory ...
May 11, 04copy.doc
... GABAA receptors subunits comprise a family of at least 17 subunits (Davies et al., 1997). Each subunit is expressed in a particular laminar pattern in SI and visual cortex (V1). For instance, in SI and V1, the α1 subunit, which is present in the majority of the GABAA receptors, is densest in layers ...
... GABAA receptors subunits comprise a family of at least 17 subunits (Davies et al., 1997). Each subunit is expressed in a particular laminar pattern in SI and visual cortex (V1). For instance, in SI and V1, the α1 subunit, which is present in the majority of the GABAA receptors, is densest in layers ...
Alterations in Synaptic Strength Preceding Axon Withdrawal
... In adult mammals a one-to-one relationship exists between motor nerve terminals and muscle fibers. However, this is not true in the embryo and in the postnatal mouse. At intermediate stages of development several axons converge on each muscle fiber, and soon after birth all inputs but one are elimin ...
... In adult mammals a one-to-one relationship exists between motor nerve terminals and muscle fibers. However, this is not true in the embryo and in the postnatal mouse. At intermediate stages of development several axons converge on each muscle fiber, and soon after birth all inputs but one are elimin ...
Benzisoxazole derivatives as Atypical Antipsychotic drugs: A Review
... receptors. However, the administration of antipsychotic drugs is accompanied with propensity to cause extrapyramidal symptoms (EPS) such as psuedoparkinsonism, tardive dyskinesia, acute dystonic reactions and akathisia. Risperidone, paliperidone and iloperidone exhibit better efficacy compared to ot ...
... receptors. However, the administration of antipsychotic drugs is accompanied with propensity to cause extrapyramidal symptoms (EPS) such as psuedoparkinsonism, tardive dyskinesia, acute dystonic reactions and akathisia. Risperidone, paliperidone and iloperidone exhibit better efficacy compared to ot ...
Intrinsic and synaptic plasticity in the vestibular system
... intracellular calcium levels. Firing rate potentiation, by contrast, is triggered by decreases in intracellular calcium levels, which in turn reduce tonic activity of calcium/ calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII) [52]. In spontaneously firing vestibular nucleus neurons, CaMKII activity ...
... intracellular calcium levels. Firing rate potentiation, by contrast, is triggered by decreases in intracellular calcium levels, which in turn reduce tonic activity of calcium/ calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII) [52]. In spontaneously firing vestibular nucleus neurons, CaMKII activity ...
Full version (PDF file)
... Fig. 2. Cell electrophysiological properties of postsynaptic potentials evoked by ventral and dorsal focal electrical stimuli in NAc core neurons. (A) Both DPSP amplitudes were graded with stimulus intensities. T shows the threshold intensity of stimulus to evoke DPSP. (B) Responses to the same elec ...
... Fig. 2. Cell electrophysiological properties of postsynaptic potentials evoked by ventral and dorsal focal electrical stimuli in NAc core neurons. (A) Both DPSP amplitudes were graded with stimulus intensities. T shows the threshold intensity of stimulus to evoke DPSP. (B) Responses to the same elec ...
CALCIUM AND PHOSPHATE METABOLISM
... A) effect on bone: parathyroid hormone has two separate effect on bone in causing absorption of calcium and phosphate. 1.a very rapid phase that takes place in minutes and results from activation of the already existing bone cells(osteoclast) to promote calcium and phosphate absorption. 2. a slower ...
... A) effect on bone: parathyroid hormone has two separate effect on bone in causing absorption of calcium and phosphate. 1.a very rapid phase that takes place in minutes and results from activation of the already existing bone cells(osteoclast) to promote calcium and phosphate absorption. 2. a slower ...
D5 (Not D1) Dopamine Receptors Potentiate Burst
... as stock solutions and stored at ⫺80°C. When drugs were prepared in DMSO, the final dilution of the solvent was always kept below 0.007. Drugs diluted in the oxygenated Krebs’ solution were delivered by means of a multibarrel gravity-feed system (HSSE-2, ALA Scientific Instruments, Sega Electronique ...
... as stock solutions and stored at ⫺80°C. When drugs were prepared in DMSO, the final dilution of the solvent was always kept below 0.007. Drugs diluted in the oxygenated Krebs’ solution were delivered by means of a multibarrel gravity-feed system (HSSE-2, ALA Scientific Instruments, Sega Electronique ...
Lateral Zone
... From the top of these cells dendrites arise and pass into the molecular layer, where these give rise to primary secondary and tertiary branches. From the base of these cells axons arise which pass to the deeper layers and then these axons enter the white matter and become myelinated. Most of the axo ...
... From the top of these cells dendrites arise and pass into the molecular layer, where these give rise to primary secondary and tertiary branches. From the base of these cells axons arise which pass to the deeper layers and then these axons enter the white matter and become myelinated. Most of the axo ...
Chapter 15
... Preganglionic neurons may do 1 of 3 things: Enter the paravertebral ganglion at same level via white ramus communicans and synapse there. Enter paravertebral ganglion and either ascend or descend to another level to synapse at that level. Pass through the paravertebral ganglion via the white ramus c ...
... Preganglionic neurons may do 1 of 3 things: Enter the paravertebral ganglion at same level via white ramus communicans and synapse there. Enter paravertebral ganglion and either ascend or descend to another level to synapse at that level. Pass through the paravertebral ganglion via the white ramus c ...
the giant serotonergic neuron of aplysia: a multi
... cosity. Three views of the computer-assisted reconstrucsections of the buccal ganglion were scanned systematically under low power to locate silver grains. A profile tion are presented in Figure 4. We measured the perimwas attributed to the injected GCN if it contained at eter of the labeled profile ...
... cosity. Three views of the computer-assisted reconstrucsections of the buccal ganglion were scanned systematically under low power to locate silver grains. A profile tion are presented in Figure 4. We measured the perimwas attributed to the injected GCN if it contained at eter of the labeled profile ...
Chapter 11 PowerPoint - Hillsborough Community College
... Synaptic Cleft • Transmission across the synaptic cleft: • Is a chemical event (as opposed to an electrical one) • Involves release, diffusion, and binding of neurotransmitters ...
... Synaptic Cleft • Transmission across the synaptic cleft: • Is a chemical event (as opposed to an electrical one) • Involves release, diffusion, and binding of neurotransmitters ...
Cell type-specific pharmacology of NMDA receptors using masked
... eLife digest Learning is critical to survival for humans and other animals. The learning process is regulated by receptors on the surface of brain cells called N-Methyl-D-aspartate receptors (or NMDA receptors for short). These receptors help to strengthen signals between brain cells, which allows a ...
... eLife digest Learning is critical to survival for humans and other animals. The learning process is regulated by receptors on the surface of brain cells called N-Methyl-D-aspartate receptors (or NMDA receptors for short). These receptors help to strengthen signals between brain cells, which allows a ...
ch_11_lecture_outline_c
... Synaptic Cleft • Transmission across the synaptic cleft: • Is a chemical event (as opposed to an electrical one) • Involves release, diffusion, and binding of neurotransmitters ...
... Synaptic Cleft • Transmission across the synaptic cleft: • Is a chemical event (as opposed to an electrical one) • Involves release, diffusion, and binding of neurotransmitters ...
Part c
... Synaptic Cleft • Transmission across the synaptic cleft: • Is a chemical event (as opposed to an electrical one) • Involves release, diffusion, and binding of neurotransmitters ...
... Synaptic Cleft • Transmission across the synaptic cleft: • Is a chemical event (as opposed to an electrical one) • Involves release, diffusion, and binding of neurotransmitters ...
Neurotransmitters
... Synaptic Cleft • Transmission across the synaptic cleft: • Is a chemical event (as opposed to an electrical one) • Involves release, diffusion, and binding of neurotransmitters ...
... Synaptic Cleft • Transmission across the synaptic cleft: • Is a chemical event (as opposed to an electrical one) • Involves release, diffusion, and binding of neurotransmitters ...
Spike-timing dependent plasticity and the cognitive map
... Since the discovery of place cells – single pyramidal neurons that encode spatial location – it has been hypothesized that the hippocampus may act as a cognitive map of known environments. This putative function has been extensively modeled using auto-associative networks, which utilize rate-coded s ...
... Since the discovery of place cells – single pyramidal neurons that encode spatial location – it has been hypothesized that the hippocampus may act as a cognitive map of known environments. This putative function has been extensively modeled using auto-associative networks, which utilize rate-coded s ...
Spike-Timing Theory of Working Memory
... aspect of neural activity — elevated firing rates of a cue-specific population of neurons — observed during the delay period of a working memory (WM) task [1–4]. These include reentrant spiking activity [5], intrinsic membrane currents [6], NMDA currents [7–10], and short-term synaptic plasticity [7 ...
... aspect of neural activity — elevated firing rates of a cue-specific population of neurons — observed during the delay period of a working memory (WM) task [1–4]. These include reentrant spiking activity [5], intrinsic membrane currents [6], NMDA currents [7–10], and short-term synaptic plasticity [7 ...