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Timothy Plan High Yield Bond Fund Class I
Timothy Plan High Yield Bond Fund Class I

... This Mutual Fund Report Card is informational in nature and is not a recommendation or solicitation for any person to buy, sell or hold any particular security; nor is it intended to address any individual's investment objectives, financial situation or personal circumstances. We recommend that inve ...
Complex Financial Advice
Complex Financial Advice

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Measuring the Natural Rate of Interest Redux
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... trend implied by the pre-crisis trend growth rate of around 3 percent, the model assigned some of the unexpected output declines to the output gap, but also a large share to declines in potential output and its trend growth rate. In fact, from mid-2008 to mid-2009, the model saw the level of potenti ...
Expansionary monetary policy drives growth above potential
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... economy is characterized by a positive output gap. The upswing is driven by significantly higher private and public consumption expenditure and by investment in residential construction. The heightened consumer confidence also reflects the favourable situation on the labour market, with the number o ...
IS-LM
IS-LM

... to hold money even with a known low nominal return and only the risk of inflation, versus other financial assets that have capital risk(due to changing interest rates) as well, or versus real goods that are illiquid/ expensive to sell to raise funds.  Explain capital risk on bonds: why the price va ...
Zvi NBER WORKING PAPER SERIES
Zvi NBER WORKING PAPER SERIES

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2.4-Fiscal-Policy - The Economics Classroom
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Chapter 21 The IS

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Perspectives on Global Real Interest Rates

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Expected Return

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Secular Trends and Long Waves (Review Version)
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... On the other hand, COCS ratios for the other two land use categories are substantially below 1. For commercial or industrial, COCS ratios range from 0.35 to 0.65 and for farmland/open space, the ratios range from 0.30 to 0.50. Clearly, these land use categories add to local government budgets in a p ...
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FREE Sample Here - We can offer most test bank and

... of all final goods and services currently produced within a country in a given time period (usually a year) and why the exact definition is useful. This can be done by asking them to explain how certain events may affect the value of GDP (for suggestions look under "Additional Problems" below). In d ...
Guaranteed returns with the benefit of Tax-Deferral
Guaranteed returns with the benefit of Tax-Deferral

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Gains from reduced delays 7Aug14

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Results - Fiskalrat

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Chapter 6 M F L
Chapter 6 M F L

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Determination of Rate of Return
Determination of Rate of Return

... in our assumption as possible. This way we can hope to simulate the risk and return profile of the generation business. In our opinion, IPPs based generation being driven by long-term supply contract with single buyer closely mirror natural monopolies like utilities. In view thereof, we believe Beta ...
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Pensions crisis

The pensions crisis is a predicted difficulty in paying for corporate, state, and federal pensions in the United States and Europe, due to a difference between pension obligations and the resources set aside to fund them. Shifting demographics are causing a lower ratio of workers per retiree; contributing factors include retirees living longer (increasing the relative number of retirees), and lower birth rates (decreasing the relative number of workers, especially relative to the Post-WW2 Baby Boom). There is significant debate regarding the magnitude and importance of the problem, as well as the solutions.For example, as of 2008, the estimates for the underfunding of U.S. states' pension programs range from $1 trillion using the discount rate of 8% to $3.23 trillion using U.S. Treasury bond yields as the discount rate. The present value of unfunded obligations under Social Security as of August 2010 was approximately $5.4 trillion. In other words, this amount would have to be set aside today such that the principal and interest would cover the program's shortfall between tax revenues and payouts over the next 75 years.Some economists question the concept of funding, and, therefore underfunding. Storing funds by governments, in the form of fiat currencies, is the functional equivalent of storing a collection of their own IOUs. They will be equally inflationary to newly written ones when they do come to be used.Reform ideas are in three primary categories: a) Addressing the worker-retiree ratio, via raising the retirement age, employment policy and immigration policy; b) Reducing obligations via shifting from defined benefit to defined contribution pension types and reducing future payment amounts (by, for example, adjusting the formula that determines the level of benefits); and c) Increasing resources to fund pensions via increasing contribution rates and raising taxes.
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