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Lie algebra decompositions with applications to quantum dynamics
Lie algebra decompositions with applications to quantum dynamics

... subalgebras of gl(n, F) are called the linear Lie algebras, which will be reviewed next. Let us consider the subspace sl(n, F) of trace zero matrices in gl(n, F), that is, sl(n, F) = span{A ∈ gl(n, F) : tr(A) = 0} . Let A, B ∈ gl(n, F). Then, it can easily be seen that tr([A, B]) = 0, i.e., sl(n, F) ...
A Numerical Approach to Virasoro Blocks and the Information
A Numerical Approach to Virasoro Blocks and the Information

... same property [5]. But in the semiclassical approximation, the blocks develop additional ‘forbidden singularities’ [7] that represent a violation of unitarity. These singularities are a signature of semiclassical black hole physics in AdS3 . They arise because thermal correlators exhibit a Euclidean ...
t+1
t+1

Dirac Operators on Noncommutative Spacetimes ?
Dirac Operators on Noncommutative Spacetimes ?

... Definition 2.2. Let (M, F) be a 4-dimensional twisted manifold. A noncommutative Cartan geometry on (M, F) is a pair of Clifford algebra valued one-forms (V, Ω), satisfying the expansion (2.5), the reality conditions V † = γ0 V γ0 , Ω† = −γ0 Ωγ0 and the limit Ṽ a |λ=0 = ω|λ=0 = ω̃|λ=0 = 0. Let us n ...
Lectures on Conformal Field Theory arXiv:1511.04074v2 [hep
Lectures on Conformal Field Theory arXiv:1511.04074v2 [hep

... Abstract: These lectures notes are based on courses given at National Taiwan University, National Chiao-Tung University, and National Tsing Hua University in the spring term of 2015. Although the course was offered primarily for graduate students, these lecture notes have been prepared for a more ge ...
Quantum Theory, Groups and Representations: An Introduction (under construction) Peter Woit
Quantum Theory, Groups and Representations: An Introduction (under construction) Peter Woit

... 15.1 An example: the Euclidean group . . . . . . . . . . 15.2 Semi-direct product groups . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15.3 Representations of N o K, N commutative . . . . 15.4 Semi-direct product Lie algebras . . . . . . . . . . 15.5 For further reading . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ...
11 Harmonic oscillator and angular momentum — via operator algebra
11 Harmonic oscillator and angular momentum — via operator algebra

... From these equations it appears that J+ |j, mi is an eigenstate of Jz with eigenvalue h̄(m+1), and that J− |j, mi is an eigenstate of Jz with eigenvalue h̄(m − 1). In the same manner, J+2 |j, mi will be an eigenvector with eigenvalue h̄(m + 2), etc. Starting with the given existence of the eigenstat ...
Factorization Algebras in Quantum Field Theory Volume 1 (8 May
Factorization Algebras in Quantum Field Theory Volume 1 (8 May

... This quantization theorem applies to many examples of physical interest, including pure Yang-Mills theory and σ-models. For pure Yang-Mills theory, it is shown in Costello (2011b) that the relevant obstruction groups vanish and that the deformation group is one-dimensional; thus there exists a one-p ...
Dilation Theory, Commutant Lifting and Semicrossed Products
Dilation Theory, Commutant Lifting and Semicrossed Products

Symmetry and symmetry breaking, algebraic approach to - IME-USP
Symmetry and symmetry breaking, algebraic approach to - IME-USP

... and still undergoes a steady process of evolution, proceeding in stages from simpler forms to levels of organization of ever increasing complexity. Roughly speaking, these stages may be characterized as physical evolution, chemical evolution and biological evolution. Let us begin with a few comments ...
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pdf

... The standard definition of a von Neumann algebra involves reference to a topology, and it is then shown (by von Neumann’s double commutant theorem) that this topological condition coincides with an algebraic condition (condition 2 in the Definition 1.2). But for present purposes, it will suffice to ...
An Introduction to the Theory of Quantum Groups
An Introduction to the Theory of Quantum Groups

... A large part of physics involves studying physical systems and how they evolve over time. Toward this end, one considers the phase space of a physical system which is a manifold consisting of points representing all possible states of a particular system. Each state/point P is described by a set of ...
Lecture Note - U.I.U.C. Math
Lecture Note - U.I.U.C. Math

... Quantum groups is a new exciting area of mathematics, which originated from mathematical physics (field theory, statistical mechanics), and developed greatly over the last 15 years. It is connected with many other, old and new, parts of mathematics, and remains an area of active, fruitful research t ...
On skew Heyting algebras - ars mathematica contemporanea
On skew Heyting algebras - ars mathematica contemporanea

... A skew Heyting lattice is an algebra S = (S; ∧, ∨, 1) of type (2, 2, 0) such that: • (S; ∧, ∨, 1) is a co-strongly distributive skew lattice with top 1. Each upset u sup is thus a bounded distributive lattice. • for any u ∈ S an operation →u can be defined on u↑ such that (u↑; ∧, ∨, →u , 1, u) is a ...
Thèse de doctorat - IMJ-PRG
Thèse de doctorat - IMJ-PRG

... Abstract The main part of this thesis is devoted to study some constructions and structures around quantum shuffle algebras: differential algebras and Kashiwara operators; defining ideals and specialization problem; coHochschild homology and an analogue of Borel-Weil-Bott theorem. In the last chapte ...
Supersymmetry (SUSY)
Supersymmetry (SUSY)

...  Supersymmetry is a deep and rich subject, I have been studying it for about 7 years, but I am still learning. We have only a few lectures and cannot teach it all.  We have not established that SUSY is realised in nature. SUSY is currently searched for at the Large Hadron Collider at CERN.  If su ...
Introduction to Representations of the Canonical Commutation and
Introduction to Representations of the Canonical Commutation and

... in the description of the CCR and CAR. This is easily done in the case of the CAR, where there exists an obvious candidate for the C ∗ -algebra of the CAR over a given Euclidean space [17]. If this Euclidean space is of countably infinite dimension, the C ∗ -algebra of the CAR is isomorphic to the so ...
Quantum Groups: A Path to Current Algebra
Quantum Groups: A Path to Current Algebra

... of the duality required, I should mention here that an ordinary group gives rise to a quantum group by taking the vector space with the group as basis. When pushed to provide formal proofs of our claims, mathematicians generally resort to set theory. We build our structures on sets and feel satisfied ...
Toward an Understanding of Parochial Observables
Toward an Understanding of Parochial Observables

... 1997, p. 278, Thm. 4.5.2), asserts that for each state ω on A, there exists a representation (πω , Hω ) of A, known as the GNS representation for ω, and a (cyclic) vector Ωω ∈ Hω such that for all A ∈ A, ω(A) = hΩω , πω (A)Ωω i One may find representations of A on different Hilbert spaces, and in th ...
PDF file - Library
PDF file - Library

No. 18 - Department of Mathematics
No. 18 - Department of Mathematics

... for the long-range spin-chain, see also section 3.1 and references therein. 8 Because of quantum conformal invariance, one-, two- and three-point functions contain all the information one needs. 9 Form factors are matrix elements of field operators. They satisfy algebraic relations, called formfacto ...
The Relationship Between Two Commutators
The Relationship Between Two Commutators

Vladimirov A.A., Diakonov D. Diffeomorphism
Vladimirov A.A., Diakonov D. Diffeomorphism

... space by (d + 1)-cells or simplices, although the number of edges entering one vertex may not be the same for all vertices. Alternatively, the number of edges coming from all vertices is the same but then the edges lengths may vary, if one attempts to embed the lattice into at space. Since only the ...
Algebraic aspects of topological quantum field theories
Algebraic aspects of topological quantum field theories

... special case n = 2. This is basically due to the fact that the category 2Cob can be described explicitly by a set of generators and relations. In turn this is only possible because a complete classification of 2-manifolds/surfaces exists. Eventually the ultimate goal will be to use this result to d ...
For screen - Mathematical Sciences Publishers
For screen - Mathematical Sciences Publishers

... In the second section we adduce the main notions and consider some examples. These examples, in particular, show that the Drinfeld–Jimbo enveloping algebra as well as its modifications are quantum enveloping algebras in our sense. In the third section with the help of the Heyneman–Radford theorem we ...
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Vertex operator algebra

In mathematics, a vertex operator algebra (VOA) is an algebraic structure that plays an important role in conformal field theory and string theory. In addition to physical applications, vertex operator algebras have proven useful in purely mathematical contexts such as monstrous moonshine and the geometric Langlands correspondence.The related notion of vertex algebra was introduced by Richard Borcherds in 1986, motivated by a construction of an infinite-dimensional Lie algebra due to Frenkel. In the course of this construction, one employs a Fock space that admits an action of vertex operators attached to lattice vectors. Borcherds formulated the notion of vertex algebra by axiomatizing the relations between the lattice vertex operators, producing an algebraic structure that allows one to construct new Lie algebras by following Frenkel's method.The notion of vertex operator algebra was introduced as a modification of the notion of vertex algebra, by Frenkel, Lepowsky, and Meurman in 1988, as part of their project to construct the moonshine module. They observed that many vertex algebras that appear in nature have a useful additional structure (an action of the Virasoro algebra), and satisfy a bounded-below property with respect to an energy operator. Motivated by this observation, they added the Virasoro action and bounded-below property as axioms.We now have post-hoc motivation for these notions from physics, together with several interpretations of the axioms that were not initially known. Physically, the vertex operators arising from holomorphic field insertions at points (i.e., vertices) in two dimensional conformal field theory admit operator product expansions when insertions collide, and these satisfy precisely the relations specified in the definition of vertex operator algebra. Indeed, the axioms of a vertex operator algebra are a formal algebraic interpretation of what physicists call chiral algebras, or ""algebras of chiral symmetries"", where these symmetries describe the Ward identities satisfied by a given conformal field theory, including conformal invariance. Other formulations of the vertex algebra axioms include Borcherds's later work on singular commutative rings, algebras over certain operads on curves introduced by Huang, Kriz, and others, and D-module-theoretic objects called chiral algebras introduced by Alexander Beilinson and Vladimir Drinfeld. While related, these chiral algebras are not precisely the same as the objects with the same name that physicists use.Important basic examples of vertex operator algebras include lattice VOAs (modeling lattice conformal field theories), VOAs given by representations of affine Kac–Moody algebras (from the WZW model), the Virasoro VOAs (i.e., VOAs corresponding to representations of the Virasoro algebra) and the moonshine module V♮, which is distinguished by its monster symmetry. More sophisticated examples such as affine W-algebras and the chiral de Rham complex on a complex manifold arise in geometric representation theory and mathematical physics.
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