Three Cases of Enduring Memory Impairment after Bilateral Damage
... In his initial interview with a neuropsychologist (Dr. Nelson Butters, San Diego VAMC), he was oriented to person but not to place. He was unsure whether he was married at present (he was living with his former wife) and did not know which of his children were daughters or stepdaughters. During this ...
... In his initial interview with a neuropsychologist (Dr. Nelson Butters, San Diego VAMC), he was oriented to person but not to place. He was unsure whether he was married at present (he was living with his former wife) and did not know which of his children were daughters or stepdaughters. During this ...
Optimal Recall from Bounded Metaplastic Synapses: Predicting
... from more realistic synapses that suffer from a bounded dynamical range. Second, at the level of retrieval, there are also several aspects of hippocampal circuit dynamics of which we lack a theoretical account. For example, experimental work has long shown that synaptic plasticity is accompanied by ...
... from more realistic synapses that suffer from a bounded dynamical range. Second, at the level of retrieval, there are also several aspects of hippocampal circuit dynamics of which we lack a theoretical account. For example, experimental work has long shown that synaptic plasticity is accompanied by ...
Co-Occurring Mental and Substance Use Disorders
... substance use disorders. One of the more overarching theories of addiction is that drugs and their specific psychotropic effects are used to cope with emotional distress (7). Psychiatric disorders have been conceptualized as chronic distress states associated with neurobiological alterations in brai ...
... substance use disorders. One of the more overarching theories of addiction is that drugs and their specific psychotropic effects are used to cope with emotional distress (7). Psychiatric disorders have been conceptualized as chronic distress states associated with neurobiological alterations in brai ...
The Octopus: A Model for a Comparative Analysis of the Evolution of
... visual and gravitational (statocysts) systems and has cerebellar-type effects on motor function (Messenger, 1967a,b). The parallel and linear organization of small-diameter fibers in the vertebrate and the octopus systems suggests the importance of this type of organization for the timing computatio ...
... visual and gravitational (statocysts) systems and has cerebellar-type effects on motor function (Messenger, 1967a,b). The parallel and linear organization of small-diameter fibers in the vertebrate and the octopus systems suggests the importance of this type of organization for the timing computatio ...
Memory from the dynamics of intrinsic membrane currents
... by the Kv1.3 current caused the cell to fire tonically when depolarized but not to fire bursts of action potentials in response to a short depolarization. When a longer current pulse was applied, the neuron initially fired tonically, but then as Kv1.3 slowly inactivated, the cell moved back into its ...
... by the Kv1.3 current caused the cell to fire tonically when depolarized but not to fire bursts of action potentials in response to a short depolarization. When a longer current pulse was applied, the neuron initially fired tonically, but then as Kv1.3 slowly inactivated, the cell moved back into its ...
The Role of Dopamine in Locomotor ... 173
... in the drug state. In another study, when neuroIeptictreated rats were pre-exposed to a maze and then observed subsequently when in a drug free state evidence of latent learning was seen, indicating that s-s associative learning had occurred while the rats were drugged’. The observation of transfer ...
... in the drug state. In another study, when neuroIeptictreated rats were pre-exposed to a maze and then observed subsequently when in a drug free state evidence of latent learning was seen, indicating that s-s associative learning had occurred while the rats were drugged’. The observation of transfer ...
Confabulation: Damage to a specific inferior medial prefrontal system
... but not concept formation, problem-solving or verbal fluency. And Nys et al. (2004) reported that disappearance of spontaneous confabulation in a confabulating patient was associated with improvement in mental flexibility, but not in other executive functions. Confabulation has mainly been investiga ...
... but not concept formation, problem-solving or verbal fluency. And Nys et al. (2004) reported that disappearance of spontaneous confabulation in a confabulating patient was associated with improvement in mental flexibility, but not in other executive functions. Confabulation has mainly been investiga ...
Hippocampal contributions to language
... in the past five years and I wouldn’t be any where near the person/scientist/teacher that I am today without her. I would also like to thank the members of my thesis committee, Daniel Tranel, Neal Cohen, Steven Anderson, Michelle Voss and Kristine Williams for their helpful contributions to shaping ...
... in the past five years and I wouldn’t be any where near the person/scientist/teacher that I am today without her. I would also like to thank the members of my thesis committee, Daniel Tranel, Neal Cohen, Steven Anderson, Michelle Voss and Kristine Williams for their helpful contributions to shaping ...
PDF - Oxford Academic - Oxford University Press
... activity-dependent excitation or disinhibition that operates on a slower timescale. Specifically, we examined such a mechanism in our spatial working memory model, namely the cannabinoidmediated depolarization-induced suppression of inhibition (DSI). DSI was first discovered in Purkinje cells in the ...
... activity-dependent excitation or disinhibition that operates on a slower timescale. Specifically, we examined such a mechanism in our spatial working memory model, namely the cannabinoidmediated depolarization-induced suppression of inhibition (DSI). DSI was first discovered in Purkinje cells in the ...
EXTINCTION LEARNING - Ruhr
... Associative Pavlovian fear conditioning and fear extinction are widely used paradigms to gain insights into substrates and mechanisms supporting learning and memory processes. They are powerful models because of striking parallels between rodents and humans and their high relevance for unraveling ne ...
... Associative Pavlovian fear conditioning and fear extinction are widely used paradigms to gain insights into substrates and mechanisms supporting learning and memory processes. They are powerful models because of striking parallels between rodents and humans and their high relevance for unraveling ne ...
Monoaminergic dysfunction in recreational users of
... delayed recall. Mood and impulsivity were determined using validated questionnaires: the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI, (Beck, 1961)), Behavioral Approach Scale (BAS, (Carver, 1994)) and Barratt Impulsivity Scale (BIS (Patton et al., 1995)). The BDI measures depression severity, with higher scores ...
... delayed recall. Mood and impulsivity were determined using validated questionnaires: the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI, (Beck, 1961)), Behavioral Approach Scale (BAS, (Carver, 1994)) and Barratt Impulsivity Scale (BIS (Patton et al., 1995)). The BDI measures depression severity, with higher scores ...
Neuromodulation and cortical function: BEHAVIOURAL BRAIN
... functional value of such uniform suppression is unclear. However, even in tangential slices of t.he dentate gyrus, differences in the amount of suppression were noted depending upon the side of the slice being studied [246]. Later experiments in transverse slices revealed that cholinergic agonists h ...
... functional value of such uniform suppression is unclear. However, even in tangential slices of t.he dentate gyrus, differences in the amount of suppression were noted depending upon the side of the slice being studied [246]. Later experiments in transverse slices revealed that cholinergic agonists h ...
Frontostriatal mechanisms in instruction-based learning
... The concept of learning by trial-and-error dates back to the early days of instrumental learning (e.g., Thorndike, 1911). In a nutshell, you realize that your action is correct if it gets reinforced by monetary reward or positive cognitive feedback in humans, or juice or food pellets in monkeys and ...
... The concept of learning by trial-and-error dates back to the early days of instrumental learning (e.g., Thorndike, 1911). In a nutshell, you realize that your action is correct if it gets reinforced by monetary reward or positive cognitive feedback in humans, or juice or food pellets in monkeys and ...
WHAT SHOULD WE KNOW ABOUT MARIJUANA goes to ARTCLES
... approximately 18 percent of people aged 12 and older entering drug abuse treatment programs reported marijuana as their primary drug of abuse; 61 percent of persons under 15 reported marijuana as their primary drug of abuse. Marijuana addiction is also linked to a withdrawal syndrome similar to that ...
... approximately 18 percent of people aged 12 and older entering drug abuse treatment programs reported marijuana as their primary drug of abuse; 61 percent of persons under 15 reported marijuana as their primary drug of abuse. Marijuana addiction is also linked to a withdrawal syndrome similar to that ...
Do reports of consciousness during cardiac arrest hold
... reasoning and memory formation as well as consciousness from their period of cardiac arrest resuscitation. These vary from images of bright lights and tunnels to the very interesting recollection of actual verified events from their period of resuscitation in which people describe a feeling of separ ...
... reasoning and memory formation as well as consciousness from their period of cardiac arrest resuscitation. These vary from images of bright lights and tunnels to the very interesting recollection of actual verified events from their period of resuscitation in which people describe a feeling of separ ...
Calculating Consequences - Human Reward and Decision Making lab
... We found a highly significant correlation between objective contingency and subjective causality ratings calculated across all subjects and sessions (R 2 ⫽ 0.63; p ⫽ 0.5 ⫻ 10 ⫺5) (Fig. 2). To assess this result further, we took the schedule with the highest and lowest objective contingency measure f ...
... We found a highly significant correlation between objective contingency and subjective causality ratings calculated across all subjects and sessions (R 2 ⫽ 0.63; p ⫽ 0.5 ⫻ 10 ⫺5) (Fig. 2). To assess this result further, we took the schedule with the highest and lowest objective contingency measure f ...
Impact of diet on adult hippocampal neurogenesis
... in hippocampal-dependent learning tasks is observed between mice of different strains [49, 112]. Environment also has a major impact on AHN (this will be discussed in detail later), and changes in neurogenesis induced by the environment correlates with performance in hippocampaldependent learning ta ...
... in hippocampal-dependent learning tasks is observed between mice of different strains [49, 112]. Environment also has a major impact on AHN (this will be discussed in detail later), and changes in neurogenesis induced by the environment correlates with performance in hippocampaldependent learning ta ...
Multistable representation of speech forms: a functional - GIPSA-Lab
... and Shoaf, 2002; Warren, 1961). It has been shown that this effect also occurs during production, when subjects repeatedly utter the speech stimulus in a covert or an overt mode (Reisberg et al., 1989; Sato and Schwartz, 2003; Smith et al., 1995). Thus, the verbal transformation effect seems to prov ...
... and Shoaf, 2002; Warren, 1961). It has been shown that this effect also occurs during production, when subjects repeatedly utter the speech stimulus in a covert or an overt mode (Reisberg et al., 1989; Sato and Schwartz, 2003; Smith et al., 1995). Thus, the verbal transformation effect seems to prov ...
Beyond ADHD and narcolepsy: psychostimulants in general psychiatry
... agent to antidepressants in the treatment of nonelderly people with major depression. Participants in these trials had experienced a partial response to an antidepressant, usually a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor, and had significant and persistent fatigue or sleepiness. At the end of both t ...
... agent to antidepressants in the treatment of nonelderly people with major depression. Participants in these trials had experienced a partial response to an antidepressant, usually a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor, and had significant and persistent fatigue or sleepiness. At the end of both t ...
Parallel Processing of Appetitive Short- and Long
... [22, 24] and in ab neurons to form LTM [24], suggesting an independence of these two memory phases. However, several results suggest that aversive STM and LTM are not processed by fully independent neuronal pathways. Thus, a more efficient rescue of rut STM or LTM defect is observed when RUT is expr ...
... [22, 24] and in ab neurons to form LTM [24], suggesting an independence of these two memory phases. However, several results suggest that aversive STM and LTM are not processed by fully independent neuronal pathways. Thus, a more efficient rescue of rut STM or LTM defect is observed when RUT is expr ...
View PDF - CiteSeerX
... Although a variety of theories on the psychological components of interval timing have been proposed, it has been suggested that all internal-clock models must conform to a common basic structure,(20) in which there is a clock component, a memory component, and a decision/comparison component. In th ...
... Although a variety of theories on the psychological components of interval timing have been proposed, it has been suggested that all internal-clock models must conform to a common basic structure,(20) in which there is a clock component, a memory component, and a decision/comparison component. In th ...
States of Consciousness Ch. 5
... • psychoactive drugs – drugs that act on the nervous system to alter consciousness, modify perception and change mood – Reasons / Justifications: ...
... • psychoactive drugs – drugs that act on the nervous system to alter consciousness, modify perception and change mood – Reasons / Justifications: ...
Program - Albion
... produced in response to olfactory classical conditioning. We have identified five different traces that form in different neurons in the olfactory nervous system with different temporal kinetics after acquisition. Three traces appear to correspond to short‐term memory, one to the consolidation pro ...
... produced in response to olfactory classical conditioning. We have identified five different traces that form in different neurons in the olfactory nervous system with different temporal kinetics after acquisition. Three traces appear to correspond to short‐term memory, one to the consolidation pro ...
Effects of Acute and Neurotoxic Exposure in the Rat
... MDMA at doses of 3.2 and 5.6 mg/kg, although they responded at rates comparable to or higher than those of vehicle-control rats once responding began. Most subjects injected with 5.6 mg/kg did not start responding until about 100 min into the session. Figure 2 depicts mean total reinforcement lever ...
... MDMA at doses of 3.2 and 5.6 mg/kg, although they responded at rates comparable to or higher than those of vehicle-control rats once responding began. Most subjects injected with 5.6 mg/kg did not start responding until about 100 min into the session. Figure 2 depicts mean total reinforcement lever ...
Basic Mechanisms of Learning and Memory
... Could be overcome with pretraining, AP5 still produced defecits Dose-response curves (AP5) Identical curves for impairment of spatial learning and blocking of LTP Same concentrations, measured in brain (HPLC), for both effects No concentration of AP5 that blocked LTP didn’t disrupt learning AP5 admi ...
... Could be overcome with pretraining, AP5 still produced defecits Dose-response curves (AP5) Identical curves for impairment of spatial learning and blocking of LTP Same concentrations, measured in brain (HPLC), for both effects No concentration of AP5 that blocked LTP didn’t disrupt learning AP5 admi ...