Neural plasticity and recovery of function
... • Learning and memory may be viewed as a being on a time continuum. ...
... • Learning and memory may be viewed as a being on a time continuum. ...
Short – term memory & Working memory
... • Wearing lives totally within a few minutes • He describes his life as being “like death” • He has no ability to have normal life • He cannot participate in life in any meaningful way ...
... • Wearing lives totally within a few minutes • He describes his life as being “like death” • He has no ability to have normal life • He cannot participate in life in any meaningful way ...
The Schizophrenic Brain: A Broken Hermeneutic
... study the effects of changes in synaptic conductances on overall network performance. Reduction in synaptic conductances connected to glutamatergic NMDA receptors implied flatter attractor basins, and consequently less stable memory storage. Combined reduction of NMDA and GABA receptors imply such c ...
... study the effects of changes in synaptic conductances on overall network performance. Reduction in synaptic conductances connected to glutamatergic NMDA receptors implied flatter attractor basins, and consequently less stable memory storage. Combined reduction of NMDA and GABA receptors imply such c ...
Learning to Remember Rare Events
... quential input in a representation that can later be precisely queried. Such tasks include algorithmic sequence manipulation tasks, natural language modelling, and question-answering tasks. The success of these approaches hinges on making the memory component fully differentiable and backpropagating ...
... quential input in a representation that can later be precisely queried. Such tasks include algorithmic sequence manipulation tasks, natural language modelling, and question-answering tasks. The success of these approaches hinges on making the memory component fully differentiable and backpropagating ...
How the hippocampus preserves order: the role of
... record neuronal activity from healthy tissue as well as create focal lesions to assess the necessity of a region for a behavioral task. Thus, we provide some discussion of this here but refer readers to other recent reviews for more in-depth discussion [8,64–67]. Lesion work in rodents clearly demon ...
... record neuronal activity from healthy tissue as well as create focal lesions to assess the necessity of a region for a behavioral task. Thus, we provide some discussion of this here but refer readers to other recent reviews for more in-depth discussion [8,64–67]. Lesion work in rodents clearly demon ...
Brain activation during human navigation: gender
... Several neuronal structures are involved in visuospatial cognition. Studies of human patients with brain lesions as well as animal research demonstrate the importance of the right mediotemporal lobe, including the hippocampus and the hippocampal formation, for the representation of space3–9. Specifi ...
... Several neuronal structures are involved in visuospatial cognition. Studies of human patients with brain lesions as well as animal research demonstrate the importance of the right mediotemporal lobe, including the hippocampus and the hippocampal formation, for the representation of space3–9. Specifi ...
This article was originally published in a journal published by
... short-term working memory and for encoding of information into long-term memory. Detailed computational simulations of the entorhinal cortex [52] demonstrate how the cholinergic activation of intrinsic mechanisms for persistent spiking could underlie spiking activity during the delay period of delay ...
... short-term working memory and for encoding of information into long-term memory. Detailed computational simulations of the entorhinal cortex [52] demonstrate how the cholinergic activation of intrinsic mechanisms for persistent spiking could underlie spiking activity during the delay period of delay ...
kainic acid lesion-induced deficits on cognitive performance in
... Piallat et al., 1996; Takada et al., 2000). It is the consensus that the pathogenesis of PD is the consequences of the loss on the dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra and dopamine depletion in the striatum (Piallat et al., 1996). Current neurosurgical strategies target overactive brains reg ...
... Piallat et al., 1996; Takada et al., 2000). It is the consensus that the pathogenesis of PD is the consequences of the loss on the dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra and dopamine depletion in the striatum (Piallat et al., 1996). Current neurosurgical strategies target overactive brains reg ...
Uncinate Fasciculus
... • More specifically, the uncinate may play a role in lexical retrieval of semanOc knowledge • In healthy older adults, higher FA in the lee uncinate is associated with beRer semanOc memory (de Zubicaray ...
... • More specifically, the uncinate may play a role in lexical retrieval of semanOc knowledge • In healthy older adults, higher FA in the lee uncinate is associated with beRer semanOc memory (de Zubicaray ...
Selective cognitive dysfunction in acetylcholine M
... (d) Baseline activity (arbitrary units based on pixel change scored by computer) during the 4 min before the first shock on the first conditioning day is shown. M1 mutants did not differ from littermate controls. (e) Contextual memory was assessed by giving naive mice two tone–shock pairings after a ...
... (d) Baseline activity (arbitrary units based on pixel change scored by computer) during the 4 min before the first shock on the first conditioning day is shown. M1 mutants did not differ from littermate controls. (e) Contextual memory was assessed by giving naive mice two tone–shock pairings after a ...
Using chaotic artificial neural networks to model memory in the brain
... third and final stage of memory is the retrieval of the memory, which is also referred to as recall or recollection and involves calling back the stored information in response to some cue for use in a process or activity. In this stage, the stored memory should be located and then accessed by the ...
... third and final stage of memory is the retrieval of the memory, which is also referred to as recall or recollection and involves calling back the stored information in response to some cue for use in a process or activity. In this stage, the stored memory should be located and then accessed by the ...
Hippocampal Formation
... subiculum, presubiculum, parasubiculum, and entorhinal cortex. In other nomenclatures the entorhinal cortex, presubiculum, and parasubiculum are separated from the hippocampal formation and are gathered under the term ‘parahippocampal region.’ When the term ‘hippocampus’ is used it often refers to t ...
... subiculum, presubiculum, parasubiculum, and entorhinal cortex. In other nomenclatures the entorhinal cortex, presubiculum, and parasubiculum are separated from the hippocampal formation and are gathered under the term ‘parahippocampal region.’ When the term ‘hippocampus’ is used it often refers to t ...
Abbreviations: LTP= long
... c. Used 2 stimulating electrodes that stimulated two separate inputs into the dentate gyrus d. One of the pathways was controlled and was stimulated once every 30 seconds and the response stayed stable e. Referring to before wave: so before and after, it didn’t change, it stayed the same size. Refer ...
... c. Used 2 stimulating electrodes that stimulated two separate inputs into the dentate gyrus d. One of the pathways was controlled and was stimulated once every 30 seconds and the response stayed stable e. Referring to before wave: so before and after, it didn’t change, it stayed the same size. Refer ...
Conditioning: Simple Neural Circuits in the Honeybee
... the spontaneous activity fluctuations suffice to reconstruct the stimulus. It is concluded that these modifiable fluctuations could provide an ideal substrate for Hebbian reverberations and sensory memory in a neural system. It is important to note that all these associative and nonassociative chang ...
... the spontaneous activity fluctuations suffice to reconstruct the stimulus. It is concluded that these modifiable fluctuations could provide an ideal substrate for Hebbian reverberations and sensory memory in a neural system. It is important to note that all these associative and nonassociative chang ...
pdf
... Figure 2 | Conjunctiveness and hubness in the hippocampus. (a) Representational similarity analysis (RSA) logic. Left: associative similarity contrast, with expected high regional representational similarity for comparisons of the same association, and low similarity for comparisons of different ass ...
... Figure 2 | Conjunctiveness and hubness in the hippocampus. (a) Representational similarity analysis (RSA) logic. Left: associative similarity contrast, with expected high regional representational similarity for comparisons of the same association, and low similarity for comparisons of different ass ...
Hippocampus duality: memory and novelty detection are subserved
... brain region is apparently responsible both for detecting out-of-context stimuli and also for matching stimuli in the environment to stored representations. Each of these aspects of cognition is associated with frequently used experimental paradigms and robust electrophysiological signatures, but th ...
... brain region is apparently responsible both for detecting out-of-context stimuli and also for matching stimuli in the environment to stored representations. Each of these aspects of cognition is associated with frequently used experimental paradigms and robust electrophysiological signatures, but th ...
20-Limbic
... 6 Principal parts of the limbic systemDr. Vohra relationship with the hypothalamus ...
... 6 Principal parts of the limbic systemDr. Vohra relationship with the hypothalamus ...
Predictive, interactive multiple memory systems
... to more everyday situations, and making predictions for future experiments. While it becomes more difficult to test such fully-interactive models based on behavioral data or even local patterns of fMRI responses, we suggest that they can also be tested by examining changes in the functional coupling ...
... to more everyday situations, and making predictions for future experiments. While it becomes more difficult to test such fully-interactive models based on behavioral data or even local patterns of fMRI responses, we suggest that they can also be tested by examining changes in the functional coupling ...
Methods for reducing interference in the Complementary Learning
... The stability–plasticity problem (i.e. how the brain incorporates new information into its model of the world, while at the same time preserving existing knowledge) has been at the forefront of computational memory research for several decades. In this paper, we critically evaluate how well the Comp ...
... The stability–plasticity problem (i.e. how the brain incorporates new information into its model of the world, while at the same time preserving existing knowledge) has been at the forefront of computational memory research for several decades. In this paper, we critically evaluate how well the Comp ...
Hippocampus, cortex, and basal ganglia: Insights
... bears on the central debates regarding the fate of memories that are initially encoded primarily by the hippocampus—considerable evidence suggests that these memories can become independent of the hippocampus over time through a ‘‘consolidation’’ process (e.g., McClelland et al., 1995; Squire, 1992; ...
... bears on the central debates regarding the fate of memories that are initially encoded primarily by the hippocampus—considerable evidence suggests that these memories can become independent of the hippocampus over time through a ‘‘consolidation’’ process (e.g., McClelland et al., 1995; Squire, 1992; ...
Searching for lost memories, Sudoku, and related ills of the brain
... 0n the other hand, a scientific paper could be written without a defined order to its intermediate sections. When the information framework is sufficiently complex, it is a vain folly to presume that there exists a unique order in which to best present the subject. No one reads a complex scientific ...
... 0n the other hand, a scientific paper could be written without a defined order to its intermediate sections. When the information framework is sufficiently complex, it is a vain folly to presume that there exists a unique order in which to best present the subject. No one reads a complex scientific ...
Stochastic fluctuations of the synaptic function
... synapses produced quantal Excitatory PostSynaptic Currents (EPSCs) with peak amplitudes having a 5-65 pA range. The histogram of the peak amplitudes showed a long right tail. If the variability of the postsynaptic response observed in hippocampal neurons should be extended to all the neurons of brai ...
... synapses produced quantal Excitatory PostSynaptic Currents (EPSCs) with peak amplitudes having a 5-65 pA range. The histogram of the peak amplitudes showed a long right tail. If the variability of the postsynaptic response observed in hippocampal neurons should be extended to all the neurons of brai ...
Neural Correlates of Anticipation in Cerebellum, Basal Ganglia, and
... by piecing together several indirect lines of evidence. The most common forms of evidence to look at are: 1. Anatomy: It is fairly clear where sensory and motor information arrives at or departs from the central nervous system. Neurons that are only a few synapses away from a sensory or a motor neur ...
... by piecing together several indirect lines of evidence. The most common forms of evidence to look at are: 1. Anatomy: It is fairly clear where sensory and motor information arrives at or departs from the central nervous system. Neurons that are only a few synapses away from a sensory or a motor neur ...
Chapter 8: Conclusions
... intercategory judgements, even though the latter are better separated in time and position (Tzeng & Cotton, 1980). However, that the relative order of two items can be coded explicitly is unequivocal; how such codes could underlie all positional judgements is equivocal. Numerous codes for relative o ...
... intercategory judgements, even though the latter are better separated in time and position (Tzeng & Cotton, 1980). However, that the relative order of two items can be coded explicitly is unequivocal; how such codes could underlie all positional judgements is equivocal. Numerous codes for relative o ...
Systems memory consolidation in Drosophila
... From an information processing perspective, memories need to be acquired, encoded, stored, maintained and retrieved. As time passes after training, memories become less easily retrieved, but also become progressively more stable in the face of experimental perturbations. This process is referred to ...
... From an information processing perspective, memories need to be acquired, encoded, stored, maintained and retrieved. As time passes after training, memories become less easily retrieved, but also become progressively more stable in the face of experimental perturbations. This process is referred to ...
Memory consolidation
Memory consolidation is a category of processes that stabilize a memory trace after its initial acquisition. Consolidation is distinguished into two specific processes, synaptic consolidation, which is synonymous with late-phase LTP and occurs within the first few hours after learning, and systems consolidation, where hippocampus-dependent memories become independent of the hippocampus over a period of weeks to years. Recently, a third process has become the focus of research, reconsolidation, in which previously-consolidated memories can be made labile again through reactivation of the memory trace.