99上總經考試1
... 9. The user cost of capital is given by the following formula, where PK is the real price of capital goods, d is the depreciation rate, and r is the expected real interest rate. （Ch4） a. uc = (r + d)/ PK b. uc = PK/(r + d) c. uc = dPK/r d. uc = (r + d)PK ...
... 9. The user cost of capital is given by the following formula, where PK is the real price of capital goods, d is the depreciation rate, and r is the expected real interest rate. （Ch4） a. uc = (r + d)/ PK b. uc = PK/(r + d) c. uc = dPK/r d. uc = (r + d)PK ...
Janet L Yellen: The outlook for the US economy and economic policy
... has resumed, and private-sector employment has risen about 2-1/2 million since payrolls troughed in early 2010. Industrial production has generally advanced solidly, business investment in equipment and software continues to rise briskly, and U.S. exports have grown at a robust pace. In addition, fi ...
... has resumed, and private-sector employment has risen about 2-1/2 million since payrolls troughed in early 2010. Industrial production has generally advanced solidly, business investment in equipment and software continues to rise briskly, and U.S. exports have grown at a robust pace. In addition, fi ...
US Government Deficit and National Debt 1929-2019
... population, and will be 19% in 2025. Spending exclusion in the negotiations of medical with retirement and Medicare programs will services and drug pricing are an obstacle to follow suit. Conversely, working age population economies of scale in Medicare and Medicaid. aged 20 to 64, will decrease fro ...
... population, and will be 19% in 2025. Spending exclusion in the negotiations of medical with retirement and Medicare programs will services and drug pricing are an obstacle to follow suit. Conversely, working age population economies of scale in Medicare and Medicaid. aged 20 to 64, will decrease fro ...
The Federal Reserve
... – The major form of monetary policy. – What will the Fed do if we run out of Treasury bonds? ...
... – The major form of monetary policy. – What will the Fed do if we run out of Treasury bonds? ...
Economic Thinking in an Age of Shared Prosperity
... induce further attempts to deleverage, leading to further monetary contraction and further price deflation and so on ad infinitum in a self-reinforcing spiral. Monetary policy would have to reverse the vicious cycle of debt deleveraging and price deflation before it could make inroads into the depre ...
... induce further attempts to deleverage, leading to further monetary contraction and further price deflation and so on ad infinitum in a self-reinforcing spiral. Monetary policy would have to reverse the vicious cycle of debt deleveraging and price deflation before it could make inroads into the depre ...
Reviewed - Heterodox Economics Newsletter
... prominent features of macroeconomic models. However, policymakers seem not to have worried much about expectations or credibility before the 1980s. Moreover, only since the 1980s have Fed officials acknowledged that the rate of inflation is determined solely by monetary policy. That is a stark chang ...
... prominent features of macroeconomic models. However, policymakers seem not to have worried much about expectations or credibility before the 1980s. Moreover, only since the 1980s have Fed officials acknowledged that the rate of inflation is determined solely by monetary policy. That is a stark chang ...
Federal Reserve - LegagneursLearningLounge
... 1. Borrow- government borrows money to pay for the deficit. 2. Sells: Government Securities known as: Treasury Bonds, Savings Bonds, etc… National Debt- is the total money owed by the government to anyone who owns a Treasury Bond or Savings Bonds. 1. Payback- We owe 11 trillion dollars and the int ...
... 1. Borrow- government borrows money to pay for the deficit. 2. Sells: Government Securities known as: Treasury Bonds, Savings Bonds, etc… National Debt- is the total money owed by the government to anyone who owns a Treasury Bond or Savings Bonds. 1. Payback- We owe 11 trillion dollars and the int ...
AD-AS analysis to show external demand and supply
... crowding out in money markets which are intrinsically linked to the budget deficit. The argument can be seen on the diagram below and is as follows: The assumptions of the diagram is that the governments demand is perfectly inelastic (that is it isn’t affected by interest rates) since they have to b ...
... crowding out in money markets which are intrinsically linked to the budget deficit. The argument can be seen on the diagram below and is as follows: The assumptions of the diagram is that the governments demand is perfectly inelastic (that is it isn’t affected by interest rates) since they have to b ...
Second Midterm: Morning Exam Version 1
... taxes decrease by $2, the short-run equilibrium level of output will increase by a. $1. b. $3. c. $13. d. $15. 23. If autonomous consumption is $1,000, the MPC is 0.75, taxes are $500, investment spending is $800, and government purchases equal $500, what is equilibrium GDP? (Assume net exports equa ...
... taxes decrease by $2, the short-run equilibrium level of output will increase by a. $1. b. $3. c. $13. d. $15. 23. If autonomous consumption is $1,000, the MPC is 0.75, taxes are $500, investment spending is $800, and government purchases equal $500, what is equilibrium GDP? (Assume net exports equa ...
Syllabus 101 - Professor Dohan`s Website, Queens College, New
... the textbook. I may pick an article from the WSJ, or the environment, or answer a student’s question and show you how economics can give you a different way to think about it. Read the vocabulary lists posted on www.profdatqcecon.org and keep a special place in your notes for new words and concepts ...
... the textbook. I may pick an article from the WSJ, or the environment, or answer a student’s question and show you how economics can give you a different way to think about it. Read the vocabulary lists posted on www.profdatqcecon.org and keep a special place in your notes for new words and concepts ...
the main causes of inflation
... At the new equilibrium level of national output, the economy is producing a lower level of output (Y2) at a higher price level (P2). Higher cost-push inflation therefore causes a contraction in real output as well a higher average price level. Will an increase in a firm’s costs always feed through i ...
... At the new equilibrium level of national output, the economy is producing a lower level of output (Y2) at a higher price level (P2). Higher cost-push inflation therefore causes a contraction in real output as well a higher average price level. Will an increase in a firm’s costs always feed through i ...
FreeResponseAnalysis Money Unit-5
... F) When MS ↓ nominal interest rates ↑ => more expensive for business to borrow => business net investment (I) declines => decreases AD G) AD shifts left which lowers the price level and therefore inflation. Based on the short run Phillips Curve unemployment & inflation have an inverse relationship, ...
... F) When MS ↓ nominal interest rates ↑ => more expensive for business to borrow => business net investment (I) declines => decreases AD G) AD shifts left which lowers the price level and therefore inflation. Based on the short run Phillips Curve unemployment & inflation have an inverse relationship, ...
Dr E`s Study Guide for ECO 011
... comparisons between two time periods. VI. Problems with GDP as a Measuring Rod A. It does not count non-market production. B. It does not count the underground economy. C. It makes no adjustment for leisure D. It probably understates output increases because of the problem of estimating improvements ...
... comparisons between two time periods. VI. Problems with GDP as a Measuring Rod A. It does not count non-market production. B. It does not count the underground economy. C. It makes no adjustment for leisure D. It probably understates output increases because of the problem of estimating improvements ...
Figure 1 Aggregate Supply and Demand
... income and spending whose first few terms will look like this: change in government spending = 100 change in consumer spending = 90 change in income = 90 change in consumer spending = 81 change in income = 81 change in consumer spending = 72.90 ….. The result of this chain can be calculate ...
... income and spending whose first few terms will look like this: change in government spending = 100 change in consumer spending = 90 change in income = 90 change in consumer spending = 81 change in income = 81 change in consumer spending = 72.90 ….. The result of this chain can be calculate ...
S trategic A nalysis
... largely ineffective in counteracting the forces of contraction. Mortgage rates have fallen to a relatively low level, which may be why mortgage lending was so high in the second quarter. While this is perhaps the clearest example of interest rate cuts stimulating demand, it is doubtful whether the s ...
... largely ineffective in counteracting the forces of contraction. Mortgage rates have fallen to a relatively low level, which may be why mortgage lending was so high in the second quarter. While this is perhaps the clearest example of interest rate cuts stimulating demand, it is doubtful whether the s ...
EN EN Recommendation for a COUNCIL RECOMMENDATION on
... achieve a cyclically-adjusted budget of close to balance at the end of a five-year rolling period. The general government deficit peaked at 11.5% of GDP in 2009-109 and was reduced to 5.6% of GDP in 2012-13, thanks to one-off measures that artificially reduced the deficit by 2 pp. in 2012-13. Howev ...
... achieve a cyclically-adjusted budget of close to balance at the end of a five-year rolling period. The general government deficit peaked at 11.5% of GDP in 2009-109 and was reduced to 5.6% of GDP in 2012-13, thanks to one-off measures that artificially reduced the deficit by 2 pp. in 2012-13. Howev ...
Balance sheet recession is the reason for `secular stagnation`
... the right and responsible thing by repairing their balance sheets. When the government tries to administer fiscal stimulus, the media, pundits and ordinary citizens who do not understand balance sheet recessions are quick to argue that politicians are wasting taxpayers’ money on useless projects to ...
... the right and responsible thing by repairing their balance sheets. When the government tries to administer fiscal stimulus, the media, pundits and ordinary citizens who do not understand balance sheet recessions are quick to argue that politicians are wasting taxpayers’ money on useless projects to ...
the financial crisis and economic stagnation in
... were not limited to the United States, and Britain was especially affected because of the large size of its own financial sector and its intimate integration with American finance. Many British financial institutions had portfolios which included large amounts of toxic American assets. Moreover, dom ...
... were not limited to the United States, and Britain was especially affected because of the large size of its own financial sector and its intimate integration with American finance. Many British financial institutions had portfolios which included large amounts of toxic American assets. Moreover, dom ...
PPT
... Determining the macroeconomic equilibrium Any point on the 45° line could be an equilibrium; but how do we know which one will be the equilibrium in a given year? • To determine this, recall that when they receive additional income, households consume some of it, and save some of it. • The resulting ...
... Determining the macroeconomic equilibrium Any point on the 45° line could be an equilibrium; but how do we know which one will be the equilibrium in a given year? • To determine this, recall that when they receive additional income, households consume some of it, and save some of it. • The resulting ...
Institutions and Government Growth: A Comparison of the 1890s
... rate, the severity of the deflation was greater during the 1930s when the price level fell nearly 17 percent between 1930 and 1939. The duration of falling prices in the 1890s is consistent with negative economic growth. It is unlikely that the hardships of the 1890s went unnoticed by the federal go ...
... rate, the severity of the deflation was greater during the 1930s when the price level fell nearly 17 percent between 1930 and 1939. The duration of falling prices in the 1890s is consistent with negative economic growth. It is unlikely that the hardships of the 1890s went unnoticed by the federal go ...
solution
... 17. High inflation economies should have higher pass-through as price setters are used to making adjustments faster (menu costs fall over time as people learn how to change prices faster). Thus, a depreciation in a high inflation economy may see a rapid response of changing prices but firms in a low ...
... 17. High inflation economies should have higher pass-through as price setters are used to making adjustments faster (menu costs fall over time as people learn how to change prices faster). Thus, a depreciation in a high inflation economy may see a rapid response of changing prices but firms in a low ...