German Public Finances Through the Financial Crisis
... early 2000s and reached its peak in 2005 when 4.5 million people were seeking work. Around that time, Germany was often called the ‘sick man in Europe’. The surge in unemployment put the center-left coalition of chancellor Gerhard Schröder under enormous pressure. The government enacted labor market ...
... early 2000s and reached its peak in 2005 when 4.5 million people were seeking work. Around that time, Germany was often called the ‘sick man in Europe’. The surge in unemployment put the center-left coalition of chancellor Gerhard Schröder under enormous pressure. The government enacted labor market ...
The Scope of Government and the Wealth of Nations
... government increases, more economic decisions are made politically. Even if one assumes that people in politics and government have good intentions, the incentives in the political arena do not direct resources toward productive uses. Often, resources are directed toward wasteful or unproductive pro ...
... government increases, more economic decisions are made politically. Even if one assumes that people in politics and government have good intentions, the incentives in the political arena do not direct resources toward productive uses. Often, resources are directed toward wasteful or unproductive pro ...
Mankiw Precis
... the IS curve and to the transmission mechanism that translates short-term safe nominal into long-term risky real interest rates—and aggregate supply. Unless these shocks are damped by the proper policies, they will be amplified by the multiplier process and generate the fluctuations we call business ...
... the IS curve and to the transmission mechanism that translates short-term safe nominal into long-term risky real interest rates—and aggregate supply. Unless these shocks are damped by the proper policies, they will be amplified by the multiplier process and generate the fluctuations we call business ...
Unemployment PPT
... • One early definition was that full employment would be when the number of unfilled jobs equalled the number of the ...
... • One early definition was that full employment would be when the number of unfilled jobs equalled the number of the ...
EXAM
... II of Piketty T. (1995), “Social Mobility and Redistributive Politics”, Quarterly Journal of Economics, vol. CX, 3, p. 551-584. Consider an economy with a continuum of agents i in [0, 1]. A fraction fl of agents is lucky, a fraction fu is unlucky. (fl + fu = 1). Each agent can obtain a high labor in ...
... II of Piketty T. (1995), “Social Mobility and Redistributive Politics”, Quarterly Journal of Economics, vol. CX, 3, p. 551-584. Consider an economy with a continuum of agents i in [0, 1]. A fraction fl of agents is lucky, a fraction fu is unlucky. (fl + fu = 1). Each agent can obtain a high labor in ...
Chapter 7 - McGraw Hill Higher Education - McGraw
... Is a crisis looming? The baby boomers (born between 1946 and 1964) retiring. Benefits will continue to exceed revenues. The securities in the trust fund will continue to have to be sold to fill in the gap. Current estimates are that the trust fund will run out around ...
... Is a crisis looming? The baby boomers (born between 1946 and 1964) retiring. Benefits will continue to exceed revenues. The securities in the trust fund will continue to have to be sold to fill in the gap. Current estimates are that the trust fund will run out around ...
A macroeconomic plan for a green recovery: This is an updated version, amended June 2011 (378 kB) (opens in new window)
... move in the opposite direction and dis-save. The cost of capital is low and there is very little fear of the public sector 'crowding out' private investment. Richard Koo, the chief economist of the Nomura Research Institute, draws on his experience of Japan’s lost decade in the 1990s and argues tha ...
... move in the opposite direction and dis-save. The cost of capital is low and there is very little fear of the public sector 'crowding out' private investment. Richard Koo, the chief economist of the Nomura Research Institute, draws on his experience of Japan’s lost decade in the 1990s and argues tha ...
Public Sector for PDR Paper - National Transfer Accounts
... Although one might well expect spending on education to decline with the number of school-age children, the available evidence does not support this view (Schultz 1987; Kelley 1996; Schultz 1997). This finding is consistent with the emphasis of fertility decision-making models on the quality-quantit ...
... Although one might well expect spending on education to decline with the number of school-age children, the available evidence does not support this view (Schultz 1987; Kelley 1996; Schultz 1997). This finding is consistent with the emphasis of fertility decision-making models on the quality-quantit ...
ECON 121 Principles of Macroeconomics Exam II
... interest to the mainly wealthier groups who hold the “bonds”, this probably increases income inequality. – Since interest must be paid out of government revenues, a relatively large debt and high interest can increase the tax burden and may decrease incentives to work, save, and invest for taxpayers ...
... interest to the mainly wealthier groups who hold the “bonds”, this probably increases income inequality. – Since interest must be paid out of government revenues, a relatively large debt and high interest can increase the tax burden and may decrease incentives to work, save, and invest for taxpayers ...
State and Local Budgets during Business Contractions
... income-tax receipts also to outpace inflation. While inflation raises revenues, it also increases costs to state and local governments. In fact, prices of goods and services purchased by state and local governments have risen at an annual average rate of more than 11 percent since 1970, faster than ...
... income-tax receipts also to outpace inflation. While inflation raises revenues, it also increases costs to state and local governments. In fact, prices of goods and services purchased by state and local governments have risen at an annual average rate of more than 11 percent since 1970, faster than ...
Slide 1
... “ … the International Monetary Fund called on countries that can afford it -including the U.S. and Britain -- to slow the pace of their austerity measures.” “The fund warned that "overly strong" belt-tightening in the U.S. will slow growth this year. Across-the-board government spending cuts, known ...
... “ … the International Monetary Fund called on countries that can afford it -including the U.S. and Britain -- to slow the pace of their austerity measures.” “The fund warned that "overly strong" belt-tightening in the U.S. will slow growth this year. Across-the-board government spending cuts, known ...
Dias nummer 1
... No increase in work incentive for low-income earner Work incentive of high-income earner increases from 80 to 100 = 25% Reform 2: In-work benefit = 20% of earnings with cap at 20 and gradual phase-out at earnings between 100 and 200 Revenue cost = 20% of 100 = 20 (note: no benefit to high-income ear ...
... No increase in work incentive for low-income earner Work incentive of high-income earner increases from 80 to 100 = 25% Reform 2: In-work benefit = 20% of earnings with cap at 20 and gradual phase-out at earnings between 100 and 200 Revenue cost = 20% of 100 = 20 (note: no benefit to high-income ear ...
Fiscal Policy and Macroeconomic Stabilization in The Euro Area
... 2000) Real capital assets must then be assessed according to market values and not according to historic costs, as it is the ability to generate future revenues that is of interest. However, in practice there are huge problems of evaluation. Theoretically, net debt is also a more relevant concept fo ...
... 2000) Real capital assets must then be assessed according to market values and not according to historic costs, as it is the ability to generate future revenues that is of interest. However, in practice there are huge problems of evaluation. Theoretically, net debt is also a more relevant concept fo ...
Ch 14
... Activists: argue that monetary and fiscal policies should be deliberately used to smooth out the business cycle. Nonactivists: argue against the deliberate use of fiscal and monetary policies. They believe in a permanent, stable, rules-oriented monetary and fiscal framework. ...
... Activists: argue that monetary and fiscal policies should be deliberately used to smooth out the business cycle. Nonactivists: argue against the deliberate use of fiscal and monetary policies. They believe in a permanent, stable, rules-oriented monetary and fiscal framework. ...
appropriations committee
... – Promoting maximum employment, production, purchasing power – National policy of full employment, increased real income, balanced growth, balanced budget, productivity growth, price stability ...
... – Promoting maximum employment, production, purchasing power – National policy of full employment, increased real income, balanced growth, balanced budget, productivity growth, price stability ...
Krugman`s Chapter 26 PPT
... Our analysis: increase in budget deficit causes fall in investment. The govt borrows to finance its deficit, leaving less funds available for investment. ...
... Our analysis: increase in budget deficit causes fall in investment. The govt borrows to finance its deficit, leaving less funds available for investment. ...
OHP MASTERS
... Other determinants of supply • costs of production • profitability of alternative products (substitutes in supply) • profitability of goods in joint supply • nature and other random shocks • aims of producers • expectations of producers Movements along and shifts in the supply curve ...
... Other determinants of supply • costs of production • profitability of alternative products (substitutes in supply) • profitability of goods in joint supply • nature and other random shocks • aims of producers • expectations of producers Movements along and shifts in the supply curve ...
Increasing the Minimum Wage
... employers may legally pay to workers. Supporters say it increases the standard of living of workers, reduces poverty, reduces inequality, boosts morale and forces businesses to be more efficient. Opponents say it increases poverty, increases unemployment and is damaging to businesses. ...
... employers may legally pay to workers. Supporters say it increases the standard of living of workers, reduces poverty, reduces inequality, boosts morale and forces businesses to be more efficient. Opponents say it increases poverty, increases unemployment and is damaging to businesses. ...
Chapter 12
... than half the personal savings in this country, making much less available to large corporate borrowers seeking funds for new plant and equipment Copyright 2005 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. ...
... than half the personal savings in this country, making much less available to large corporate borrowers seeking funds for new plant and equipment Copyright 2005 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. ...
Global economic conditions survey report: Q3, 2012
... business challenge facing our global sample and most indicators of business challenges going up. More worryingly, there appears to be a consistent trend towards greater cashflow stress at the global level, with respondents reporting problems accessing finance, rising incidence of late payments and i ...
... business challenge facing our global sample and most indicators of business challenges going up. More worryingly, there appears to be a consistent trend towards greater cashflow stress at the global level, with respondents reporting problems accessing finance, rising incidence of late payments and i ...
econ 210: introduction to macroeconomics
... Show that: ∆Y = k ∆ (4 marks) QUESTION FOUR a) Suppose you are one of the aspiring Presidential aspirants and that during the live televised interviews you are given a few minutes to market your manifesto to Kenyans. Discuss the macroeconomic challenges that you would highlight in your answer and th ...
... Show that: ∆Y = k ∆ (4 marks) QUESTION FOUR a) Suppose you are one of the aspiring Presidential aspirants and that during the live televised interviews you are given a few minutes to market your manifesto to Kenyans. Discuss the macroeconomic challenges that you would highlight in your answer and th ...
View PDF - CiteSeerX
... place under G.W. Bush for the purposes of purchasing a large number of nonperforming financial assets from the balance sheets of ailing banks. Although these purchases were executed by the Federal Reserve, they constitute fiscal policy because the Fed cannot purchase private sector liabilities from ...
... place under G.W. Bush for the purposes of purchasing a large number of nonperforming financial assets from the balance sheets of ailing banks. Although these purchases were executed by the Federal Reserve, they constitute fiscal policy because the Fed cannot purchase private sector liabilities from ...
No: 2012 – 46 Release date: 25 September 2012
... recent increases in energy prices and given that inflation will continue to stay above the target for some time, a cautious stance regarding pricing behavior is warranted. 12. The Committee indicated that the scenario presented in the Inflation Report on “additional monetary easing by the central ba ...
... recent increases in energy prices and given that inflation will continue to stay above the target for some time, a cautious stance regarding pricing behavior is warranted. 12. The Committee indicated that the scenario presented in the Inflation Report on “additional monetary easing by the central ba ...