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BIO_102_17_LEARNING_TARGETS
BIO_102_17_LEARNING_TARGETS

... b. fertilization, and c. embryonic development. 4. A sperm from a pollen grain fertilizes an egg in the female gametophyte. 5. The zygote develops into a sporophyte embryo. 6. The ovule becomes the seed with a. stored food and b. a protective seed coat. 7. The seed is a key adaptation for life on la ...
16 EVOLUTION OF PLANTS
16 EVOLUTION OF PLANTS

... A. The evolution of seeds has greatly enhanced the ability of plants to survive on land. B. A seed protects the developing embryo when it is most vulnerable to drying out or predation. C. In seed plants, the gametophyte generation is even smaller than in seedless vascular plants, and gametophytes ex ...
Systematic Implications of DNA variation in subfamily
Systematic Implications of DNA variation in subfamily

... Flowers: Sepals 5, connate; petals 5, connate, often with 2 upper and 3 lower lobes or 1 upper and 4 lower lobes; stamens (1-) 4-5, filaments adnate to the corolla; carpels 2-5, connate, style elongate, stigma capitate, inferior ovary; fruit a capsule, berry, drupe, or achene. Significant features: ...
Systematic Implications of DNA variation in subfamily Opuntioideae
Systematic Implications of DNA variation in subfamily Opuntioideae

... Angiosperms (Flowering Plants) “Dicotyledons” Magnoliids Eudicots ...
The Triassic System
The Triassic System

... extant genus and species. The pollen is borne on catkinlike structures [a catkin is a type of inflorescence (cluster of flowers on a common stalk) in which the flowers are attached directly to the common stalk without an individual stem]. ...
Plant Diversity I: The Colonization of Land
Plant Diversity I: The Colonization of Land

... 1) Gametes are produced in gametangia, organs with protective jackets of sterile cells that prevent gametes from drying out. Egg is fertilized within the female organ. Figure 29.1a ...
Nonflowering_Plants
Nonflowering_Plants

... Overview of Non-Flowering Plants. Know the distinguishing characteristics of plants. Know the plant adaptations required for terrestrial life. Know the adaptations for terrestrial life displayed by angiosperms and how they are advantageous. Bryophytes. Distinguish bryophytes from green algae1 and fr ...
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Green Plants

... • Insect- pollen sticks to the insect and is transferred to the female part (stigma). • Wind- pollen is blown onto the stigma. ...
Green Plants - Make Me Genius
Green Plants - Make Me Genius

... • Insect- pollen sticks to the insect and is transferred to the female part (stigma). • Wind- pollen is blown onto the stigma. ...
8 How Do Organisms Reproduce
8 How Do Organisms Reproduce

... 10. Regeneration is the ability of an organism to replace or repair any lost part. Sometimes, an entire organism can be made from its fragmented body, e.g., Planaria. When an unfertilised egg can be made to develop into an entire organism, it is known as ‘Parthenogenesis’ in animals and ‘Parthenocar ...
Plant Diversity Plant Diversity - University of Arizona | Ecology and
Plant Diversity Plant Diversity - University of Arizona | Ecology and

... • Specialized leaves (petals and sepals) are important for attracting pollinators – Many angiosperms are animal-pollinated increasing the likelihood of outcrossing (in exchange for nectar or pollen) – Coevolution has resulted in some highly specific interactions, but most plant-pollinator systems ar ...
Plant Diversity II: The Evolution of Seed Plants
Plant Diversity II: The Evolution of Seed Plants

... A seed consists of an embryo and its food supply, surrounded by a protective coat. When mature, seeds are dispersed from their parent by wind or other means. Because it nourishes and protects the embryo, yet can move away from the mother plant, a seed is analogous to a detachable and mobile version ...
Chapter 6: Introduction to Genetics
Chapter 6: Introduction to Genetics

... Male sex cell = pollen Female sex cell = egg Pea plants normally self-pollinate, meaning the pollen and egg come from the same plant (basically only one parent) True-breeding stock results from generations of self-pollination ...
Flower.fruit.inflorshort
Flower.fruit.inflorshort

... 9. Ovary: basal portion of pistil that contains ovules; at maturity becomes fruit with seeds 10. Ovules: fertile portions of pistil that contain a female gametophyte (embryo sac); develop into seeds after fertilization ...
flower. parts of a flower. partes de la flor.
flower. parts of a flower. partes de la flor.

... A flower is the reproductive part of a plant. They play an important role in making seeds. There are two types of flowers: – Perfect Flower and Imperfect Flower. A perfect flower has either all male parts or all female parts but not both in the same flower. An imperfect flower has both the male part ...
- Science Publishing Corporation
- Science Publishing Corporation

... Morphology and Palynology were carried out on Dracaena mannii Bak and Dracaena arborea Link various parts. T test was used for the analyses. Morphologically, the leaves of D. arborea are longer and wider than those of D. mannii, and the length of the internode of D. arborea is more than those of the ...
Lab 3 - Plant Diversity and Evolution
Lab 3 - Plant Diversity and Evolution

... 16. Examine a pine branch and notice the arrangement of leaves (e.g., needles). At the tip of the branch new leaves are being produced. Which generation are you looking at? Is it haploid or diploid? ...
Chapter 23 SEED PLANTS II - FacStaff Home Page for CBU
Chapter 23 SEED PLANTS II - FacStaff Home Page for CBU

... The stigmatic surface acts as a selector of pollen grains eliminating pollen from another species or preventing self-fertilization. ...
PLANT KINGDOM Phylogenetic Classification: At - E
PLANT KINGDOM Phylogenetic Classification: At - E

... develops in the pollen grain. The male gamete travels through the pollen tube to reach near the mouth of archegonia. After fertilization, zygote develops into an embryo. The ovule develops into seed. ...
Plant Kingdom
Plant Kingdom

... Rule:  Monocots have flower parts in multiples of 3, where dicots have             flower parts in multiples of 4 or 5. ...
Cones Are Like Flowers Questions
Cones Are Like Flowers Questions

... they? Flowers have petals that are pretty colors. Cones are usually hard and brown. But flowers and cones are more alike than you might think. How do plants make more plants? Plants make seeds. Seeds grow into new plants. Flowers and cones both make seeds. Seeds grow from flowers. How does this happ ...
Systematic Implications of DNA variation in subfamily Opuntioideae
Systematic Implications of DNA variation in subfamily Opuntioideae

... Angiosperms (Flowering Plants) “Dicotyledons” Magnoliids Eudicots ...
Presentation - Bumblebee Conservation Trust
Presentation - Bumblebee Conservation Trust

... ─ Perfect for community areas ─ Will flower year after year if ...
Voodoo lily, snake lily, devil`s tongue Inflorescence (flower stalk
Voodoo lily, snake lily, devil`s tongue Inflorescence (flower stalk

... spadix. The male and female flowers are arranged in rows at the bottom of the spadix still covered by the spathe. The large flower uses thermogenesis to emit powerful scents and attract its pollinators, flies and beetles. Instead of a sweet scent, the fetid odor resembles a decaying rodent. Visually ...
Liliaceae s.l. (Lily family)
Liliaceae s.l. (Lily family)

... Seeds minute, without endosperm, require a fungal partner to germinate successfully and for continued growth. Each ovary has 1000s of ovules; ...
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Pollination



Pollination is a process by which pollen is transferred from the anther to the stigma of the plant, thereby enabling fertilization and reproduction. It is unique to the angiosperms, the flower-bearing plants.In spite of a common perception that pollen grains are gametes, like the sperm cells of animals, this is incorrect; pollination is an event in the alternation of generations. Each pollen grain is a male haploid gametophyte, adapted to being transported to the female gametophyte, where it can effect fertilization by producing the male gamete (or gametes), in the process of double fertilization). A successful angiosperm pollen grain (gametophyte) containing the male gametes is transported to the stigma, where it germinates and its pollen tube grows down the style to the ovary. Its two gametes travel down the tube to where the gametophyte(s) containing the female gametes are held within the carpel. One nucleus fuses with the polar bodies to produce the endosperm tissues, and the other with the ovule to produce the embryo Hence the term: ""double fertilization"".In gymnosperms, the ovule is not contained in a carpel, but exposed on the surface of a dedicated support organ, such as the scale of a cone, so that the penetration of carpel tissue is unnecessary. Details of the process vary according to the division of gymnosperms in question.The receptive part of the carpel is called a stigma in the flowers of angiosperms. The receptive part of the gymnosperm ovule is called the micropyle. Pollination is a necessary step in the reproduction of flowering plants, resulting in the production of offspring that are genetically diverse.The study of pollination brings together many disciplines, such as botany, horticulture, entomology, and ecology. The pollination process as an interaction between flower and pollen vector was first addressed in the 18th century by Christian Konrad Sprengel. It is important in horticulture and agriculture, because fruiting is dependent on fertilization: the result of pollination. The study of pollination by insects is known as anthecology.
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