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Reproduction in Plants
Reproduction in Plants

... Answer any two of (a), (b), (c) (a) (i) Draw a large labelled diagram to show the internal structure of a flower. (ii) Give two ways by which pollen is transferred from one flower to another. (iii) After fertilisation, what part of the flower becomes the fruit? (iv) Many seedless fruits, e.g. grapes ...
Structural Botany Laboratory 10 Cordaitales and Coniferales
Structural Botany Laboratory 10 Cordaitales and Coniferales

... Diagram the transverse section of the leaf of Pinus, and include the cells for a pieshaped portion of the leaf. Anatomy of Stem and Wood The conifers are generally woody plants and have a potential for abundant secondary tissue production. These are the plants for which the concept of pycnoxylic woo ...
Science of Life Explorations: Plants as Living Things
Science of Life Explorations: Plants as Living Things

... Many flowers produce seeds and then fade away and drop the seeds on the ground. Some flowers produce a new part of the plant called a fruit. The fruit is a way to protect seeds. It can help them travel farther or to wait for the right conditions before germinating in the soil. We eat plant seeds wh ...
video slide - Union City High School
video slide - Union City High School

... Male gametophytes are contained within pollen grains produced by the _____________ of anthers The female gametophyte, or embryo sac, develops within an ovule contained within an ________ at the base of a stigma Most flowers have mechanisms to ensure cross-pollination between flowers from different p ...
01462-02.1_Plant_Structures
01462-02.1_Plant_Structures

... What is pollination and how does it work? A. Pollination is the transfer of pollen from an anther to a stigma. B. If pollen is transferred to the stigma within the same flower or to a stigma on the same plant it is referred to as self-pollination. C. If the pollen is transferred to the stigma of a d ...
Plant Slide Show - ADeeperLookAtPlants
Plant Slide Show - ADeeperLookAtPlants

... filament The diagram shows where the anther and the filament are on the stamen ...
17_Lecture_Presentation
17_Lecture_Presentation

... gametophytes in its flowers  The angiosperm life cycle 1. Meiosis in the anthers produces haploid spores that form the male gametophyte (pollen grains) 2. Meiosis in the ovule produces a haploid spore that forms a tiny female gametophyte, including the egg 3. A pollen tube from the pollen grain to ...
here
here

... inflorescence with growing points terminated by flowers, and having a terminal flower ...
Lesson Plan
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... Anticipated Problem: How does pollination occur and what are the different types of pollination? II. Pollination is the transfer of pollen from the male to the female part of a plant. A. Pollination occurs in many different ways: 1. Birds, insects, bats, and other animals are attracted to colorful, ...
reproduction - Welcome To Badhan Education
reproduction - Welcome To Badhan Education

... The male organ of a flower called ‘stamen’ makes the male gametes, which are present in pollen grains of the plant. The female organ of a flower called ‘carpel’ or ‘pistil’ makes the female gametes, which are present in ovules of the plant. The male gametes present in pollen grains fertilize the fem ...
Diversity and Evolution of Monocots
Diversity and Evolution of Monocots

... Net venation & fleshy fruits functional ecological arguments for evolution of broad leaves and fleshy fruits of monocots in shady understory conditions (T. Givnish, 1984, 1999, 2002) ...
Taxonomy review session
Taxonomy review session

... – outer ring of leaves – protection • Petals – Inner ring of leaves – Brightly colored to attract pollinators • Open petals & sepals reveal male and female structures ...
38-angiosperms text
38-angiosperms text

... Synergids (2) ...
cycle repeats
cycle repeats

... – outer ring of leaves – protection • Petals – Inner ring of leaves – Brightly colored to attract pollinators • Open petals & sepals reveal male and female structures ...
Let`s look at flowers WORD 830 KB
Let`s look at flowers WORD 830 KB

... Activity: Let’s look at flowers Looking at flowers 1. Draw your flower and make a note of size and colour. 2. Does it have a scent? (Some people might be able to detect a scent when others cannot. Some scents can be lost after flowers are picked.) 3. Label on the drawing the parts that are visible ...
Document
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... • In some eudicots, such as the common garden bean, the embryo consists of the embryonic axis attached to two thick cotyledons (seed leaves) • Below the cotyledons the embryonic axis is called the hypocotyl and terminates in the radicle (embryonic root); above the cotyledons it is called the epicot ...
evolution and diversity of woody and seed plants
evolution and diversity of woody and seed plants

... increased availability of space and resources in the megasporangium. 4. Retention of the megaspore. Instead of the megaspore being released from the sporangium (the ancestral condi tion, as occurs in all homosporous nonseed plants), in seed plants it is retained within the megasporangium (Figure 5.6 ...
Chapter 24: Reproduction in Plants
Chapter 24: Reproduction in Plants

... Male cones have sporangia that undergo meiosis to produce male spores called microspores. Each microspore can develop into a male gametophyte, or pollen grain. Each pollen grain, with its hard, waterresistant outer covering, is a male gametophyte. Examples of male and female conifer gametophytes are ...
Chapter 24: Reproduction in Plants
Chapter 24: Reproduction in Plants

... Male cones have sporangia that undergo meiosis to produce male spores called microspores. Each microspore can develop into a male gametophyte, or pollen grain. Each pollen grain, with its hard, waterresistant outer covering, is a male gametophyte. Examples of male and female conifer gametophytes are ...
Chapter 29_30 Plant Diversity I & II
Chapter 29_30 Plant Diversity I & II

... • Four key traits appear in nearly all land plants but are absent in the charophytes: – Alternation of generations (with multicellular, dependent embryos) – Walled spores produced in sporangia – Multicellular gametangia – Apical meristems ...
The Flower
The Flower

... all pistils (1 or more) are referred to as the gynoecium (= ‘house of females’). ...
FLOWERING AND FRUIT  SET  OF  CITRUS of
FLOWERING AND FRUIT SET OF CITRUS of

... in the early fall flowering on healthy, non-juvenile trees. It will juvenility. However, there appears to be no place for Florida production program and there are dangers involved. ...
early plants 1
early plants 1

... Unlike the spores of most living plants, which are single ...
Toward in vitro fertilization in Brachiaria spp.
Toward in vitro fertilization in Brachiaria spp.

... cytoplasm and remnants of only thin pollen walls point to lethality from the beginning of the microspore stage. Germination medium on culture plates was optimized to achieve in vitro fertilization with a high percentage of growing pollen tubes. Several sucrose concentrations were tested for germinat ...
The Biology of Torenia spp. (torenia)
The Biology of Torenia spp. (torenia)

... This document describes the biology of Torenia spp. with particular reference to the Australian environment, cultivation and use. Information included relates to the taxonomy and origins of cultivated Torenia spp., general descriptions of their morphology, reproductive biology, biochemistry, and bio ...
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Pollination



Pollination is a process by which pollen is transferred from the anther to the stigma of the plant, thereby enabling fertilization and reproduction. It is unique to the angiosperms, the flower-bearing plants.In spite of a common perception that pollen grains are gametes, like the sperm cells of animals, this is incorrect; pollination is an event in the alternation of generations. Each pollen grain is a male haploid gametophyte, adapted to being transported to the female gametophyte, where it can effect fertilization by producing the male gamete (or gametes), in the process of double fertilization). A successful angiosperm pollen grain (gametophyte) containing the male gametes is transported to the stigma, where it germinates and its pollen tube grows down the style to the ovary. Its two gametes travel down the tube to where the gametophyte(s) containing the female gametes are held within the carpel. One nucleus fuses with the polar bodies to produce the endosperm tissues, and the other with the ovule to produce the embryo Hence the term: ""double fertilization"".In gymnosperms, the ovule is not contained in a carpel, but exposed on the surface of a dedicated support organ, such as the scale of a cone, so that the penetration of carpel tissue is unnecessary. Details of the process vary according to the division of gymnosperms in question.The receptive part of the carpel is called a stigma in the flowers of angiosperms. The receptive part of the gymnosperm ovule is called the micropyle. Pollination is a necessary step in the reproduction of flowering plants, resulting in the production of offspring that are genetically diverse.The study of pollination brings together many disciplines, such as botany, horticulture, entomology, and ecology. The pollination process as an interaction between flower and pollen vector was first addressed in the 18th century by Christian Konrad Sprengel. It is important in horticulture and agriculture, because fruiting is dependent on fertilization: the result of pollination. The study of pollination by insects is known as anthecology.
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