Defending the last ocean
... Deep-water gillnets are also becoming more popular for illegal fishing activities, probably because they do not require bait and require fewer crew than longlines. The use of gillnets creates further management problems as there is no legal gillnet fishery with which to compare the potential catches ...
... Deep-water gillnets are also becoming more popular for illegal fishing activities, probably because they do not require bait and require fewer crew than longlines. The use of gillnets creates further management problems as there is no legal gillnet fishery with which to compare the potential catches ...
Best Practices in Tuna Longline Fisheries
... them difficult to manage), and have life history characteristics that make them especially vulnerable to fishing pressure. The life history characteristics of sharks, sea turtles, sea birds, and marine mammals include attaining sexual maturity at a late age, having a long reproductive cycle, and pro ...
... them difficult to manage), and have life history characteristics that make them especially vulnerable to fishing pressure. The life history characteristics of sharks, sea turtles, sea birds, and marine mammals include attaining sexual maturity at a late age, having a long reproductive cycle, and pro ...
DeLong.indd MH
... biogeochemical matter and energy fluxes that make up the ocean ecosystem. Just 40 years ago, the number of microorganisms in each millilitre of sea water was underestimated by a staggering three orders of magnitude. Astronauts may have been exploring the Moon, but most of the microbial life on Earth ...
... biogeochemical matter and energy fluxes that make up the ocean ecosystem. Just 40 years ago, the number of microorganisms in each millilitre of sea water was underestimated by a staggering three orders of magnitude. Astronauts may have been exploring the Moon, but most of the microbial life on Earth ...
Modeling in Earth system science up to and beyond IPCC AR5
... It is sometimes purported that the role of global environmental projection is gradually changing from science used as a warning to that which can be implemented (Kerr 2011). Indeed, ‘actionable science’ was the watchword in the 2011 Open Science Conference of the World Climate Research Programme (WC ...
... It is sometimes purported that the role of global environmental projection is gradually changing from science used as a warning to that which can be implemented (Kerr 2011). Indeed, ‘actionable science’ was the watchword in the 2011 Open Science Conference of the World Climate Research Programme (WC ...
Marine Litter in Nordic waters
... Swedish Environmental Research Institute (Sweden). 3 Technical University of Denmark. ...
... Swedish Environmental Research Institute (Sweden). 3 Technical University of Denmark. ...
A mission concept for simultaneous measurements of marine winds
... change arising from external sources, such as solar irradiance variations and human activities. Improved knowledge of the dynamics of the global ocean circulation thus becomes imperative. An accurate prediction of climate conditions requires global measurements of the forcing of the ocean waters and ...
... change arising from external sources, such as solar irradiance variations and human activities. Improved knowledge of the dynamics of the global ocean circulation thus becomes imperative. An accurate prediction of climate conditions requires global measurements of the forcing of the ocean waters and ...
Biogeoquímica dels fluxos de partícules en
... Creus submarine canyons and on the adjacent southern open slope in the Gulf of Lion (Northwestern Mediterranean). During the Winter 2006 (January-March), an intense Dense Shelf Water Cascading (DSWC) event was found to be a major driver of particle transport, increasing lateral advection of material ...
... Creus submarine canyons and on the adjacent southern open slope in the Gulf of Lion (Northwestern Mediterranean). During the Winter 2006 (January-March), an intense Dense Shelf Water Cascading (DSWC) event was found to be a major driver of particle transport, increasing lateral advection of material ...
Eutrophication Monitoring Guidelines by Remote Sensing for the
... Eutrophication is the phenomenon of aquatic ecosystem enrichment due to increased nutrient loading. Eutrophication is often caused by human activities such as the additional input of fertilizers from agriculture farming, food for aquaculture, untreated and/or treated sewage as well as industrial was ...
... Eutrophication is the phenomenon of aquatic ecosystem enrichment due to increased nutrient loading. Eutrophication is often caused by human activities such as the additional input of fertilizers from agriculture farming, food for aquaculture, untreated and/or treated sewage as well as industrial was ...
Inorganic Carbon-Assimilating Microbial Communities in the Pacific
... Figure 2.12 Rooted neighbor-joining phylogenetic tree of Deltaproteobacteria, Betaproteobacteria, Verrucomicrobia, Actinobacteria, and Planctomycetes involved in DICassimilation obtained from 16S rRNA gene clone libraries of 13C fractions from SIP experiments conducted at NH-10, CR-20, and LP-6 in ...
... Figure 2.12 Rooted neighbor-joining phylogenetic tree of Deltaproteobacteria, Betaproteobacteria, Verrucomicrobia, Actinobacteria, and Planctomycetes involved in DICassimilation obtained from 16S rRNA gene clone libraries of 13C fractions from SIP experiments conducted at NH-10, CR-20, and LP-6 in ...
GFCM Algal and Jellyfish Blooms in the Mediterranean and Black Sea
... The toxin producers’ species in harmful algal blooms exert their effects through the synthesis of toxins compounds that can alter cellular process of other organisms from plankton to humans. The most severe effects of HABs include fish, bird, and mammal (including human) mortalities, respiratory or ...
... The toxin producers’ species in harmful algal blooms exert their effects through the synthesis of toxins compounds that can alter cellular process of other organisms from plankton to humans. The most severe effects of HABs include fish, bird, and mammal (including human) mortalities, respiratory or ...
1 Module 8 Ocean Circulation and Surface Processes 8.1
... Winds are produced in response to radiative heating of the atmosphere. These winds constitute an important forcing for ocean currents, which are generated due to momentum transfer into the ocean by winds. The pressure gradients generated by radiative heating could produce wind speeds of about 10 ms ...
... Winds are produced in response to radiative heating of the atmosphere. These winds constitute an important forcing for ocean currents, which are generated due to momentum transfer into the ocean by winds. The pressure gradients generated by radiative heating could produce wind speeds of about 10 ms ...
Marine Geology: Exploring the New Frontiers of the Ocean (The
... cosmic invaders produced mostly carbon dioxide, ammonia, and methane, major constituents of the early atmosphere, which began to form about 4.4 billion years ago. Most of the water vapor and gases originated from within Earth itself by volcanic outgassing.The early volcanoes were extremely explosive ...
... cosmic invaders produced mostly carbon dioxide, ammonia, and methane, major constituents of the early atmosphere, which began to form about 4.4 billion years ago. Most of the water vapor and gases originated from within Earth itself by volcanic outgassing.The early volcanoes were extremely explosive ...
Lytic viral infection of bacterioplankton in deep
... of viruses in mesopelagic, bathypelagic and abyssal waters (de Corte et al., 2012; Hara et al., 1996; Magiopoulos and Pitta, 2012; Parada et al., 2007; Umani et al., 2010; Weinbauer et al., 2003; Arístegui et al., 2009; Matteson et al., 2013; Strzepek et al., 2005; Higgins et al., 2009; Yang et al., ...
... of viruses in mesopelagic, bathypelagic and abyssal waters (de Corte et al., 2012; Hara et al., 1996; Magiopoulos and Pitta, 2012; Parada et al., 2007; Umani et al., 2010; Weinbauer et al., 2003; Arístegui et al., 2009; Matteson et al., 2013; Strzepek et al., 2005; Higgins et al., 2009; Yang et al., ...
How Did the Deepwater Horizon Oil Spill Impact Deep
... plankton food web. Given the preponderance of microbial mediators in the pelagic environment, it would be expected that oil carbon would similarly be incorporated into the epipelagic food web at some level via microbial-mesozooplankTHE PELAGIC REALM ton trophic linkages. Hu et al. (2011) From a spa ...
... plankton food web. Given the preponderance of microbial mediators in the pelagic environment, it would be expected that oil carbon would similarly be incorporated into the epipelagic food web at some level via microbial-mesozooplankTHE PELAGIC REALM ton trophic linkages. Hu et al. (2011) From a spa ...
National ocean policy: the basic texts from
... the sector when many of the factors affecting the sectors lie outside it. Perhaps the shortest description of the problem was formulated by Ministers Miliband and Brad2 ...
... the sector when many of the factors affecting the sectors lie outside it. Perhaps the shortest description of the problem was formulated by Ministers Miliband and Brad2 ...
Environmental issues of fish farming in offshore
... production principles are similar to modern coastal farming. Fish are cultured in net cages from juveniles to market size with dry feed pellets as the main food source, although in some areas and for some species (e.g. Atlantic bluefin tuna) baitfish may continue to play a role. The fish species con ...
... production principles are similar to modern coastal farming. Fish are cultured in net cages from juveniles to market size with dry feed pellets as the main food source, although in some areas and for some species (e.g. Atlantic bluefin tuna) baitfish may continue to play a role. The fish species con ...
Vol. 38, No. 3 - Marine Technology Society
... This issue of the Journal of the Marine Technology Society is dedicated to the examination of pollution threats from underwater sources. These threats range from vessels lost in military conflicts; to deliberate placement of explosive ordinance, radioactive and hazardous wastes in “designated” dumps ...
... This issue of the Journal of the Marine Technology Society is dedicated to the examination of pollution threats from underwater sources. These threats range from vessels lost in military conflicts; to deliberate placement of explosive ordinance, radioactive and hazardous wastes in “designated” dumps ...
Aquatic biomes
... • evaporation of seawater provides most rainfall • ocean temperatures affect wind patterns, distribution of energy to land via currents – supply substantial portion of world’s oxygen • photosynthesis by marine algae & photosynthetic bacteria – consume huge amounts of atmospheric carbon dioxide • res ...
... • evaporation of seawater provides most rainfall • ocean temperatures affect wind patterns, distribution of energy to land via currents – supply substantial portion of world’s oxygen • photosynthesis by marine algae & photosynthetic bacteria – consume huge amounts of atmospheric carbon dioxide • res ...
Aluminium in an ocean general circulation model compared with the
... A model of aluminium has been developed and implemented in an Ocean General Circulation Model (NEMOPISCES). In the model, aluminium enters the ocean by means of dust deposition. The internal oceanic processes are described by advection, mixing and reversible scavenging. The model has been evaluated ...
... A model of aluminium has been developed and implemented in an Ocean General Circulation Model (NEMOPISCES). In the model, aluminium enters the ocean by means of dust deposition. The internal oceanic processes are described by advection, mixing and reversible scavenging. The model has been evaluated ...
Hydrography of the eastern part of the Aegean Sea during the
... combine each other and flow from Baba Cape towards the central Aegean Sea. This water can be also seen at the surface especially in summer having a salinity of 39.0 psu and temperature less than 19 °C. The upwelled water flows towards south influencing a big area from west side of the Lesvos Island up ...
... combine each other and flow from Baba Cape towards the central Aegean Sea. This water can be also seen at the surface especially in summer having a salinity of 39.0 psu and temperature less than 19 °C. The upwelled water flows towards south influencing a big area from west side of the Lesvos Island up ...
Chapter 22 Mariculture
... (including Zanzibar) produced 89 per cent of mariculture products in Africa in 2012, mainly seaweeds (Figure 22.3b). Red seaweed Eucheuma denticulatum makes up the bulk of cultured seaweed in Tanzania, whereas Kappaphycus alvarezii and K. striatum are also farmed (Msuya and others, 2014); the market ...
... (including Zanzibar) produced 89 per cent of mariculture products in Africa in 2012, mainly seaweeds (Figure 22.3b). Red seaweed Eucheuma denticulatum makes up the bulk of cultured seaweed in Tanzania, whereas Kappaphycus alvarezii and K. striatum are also farmed (Msuya and others, 2014); the market ...
Stable Isotope Methods for the Study of the Nitrogen Cycle
... Generally the shortest incubation possible would resolve this dichotomy for biogeochemical processes such as nitrification or denitrification. However, complications may arise for uptake studies since short incubations primarily represent the transport (movement across the cell membrane) of N-compou ...
... Generally the shortest incubation possible would resolve this dichotomy for biogeochemical processes such as nitrification or denitrification. However, complications may arise for uptake studies since short incubations primarily represent the transport (movement across the cell membrane) of N-compou ...
Convention on Wetlands (Ramsar, Iran, 1971)
... to describe those plant species (of different families and genera) that have common adaptations which allow them to cope with salty and oxygen-depleted (anaerobic) substrates. ...
... to describe those plant species (of different families and genera) that have common adaptations which allow them to cope with salty and oxygen-depleted (anaerobic) substrates. ...
Data centres and management - SEAS-ERA
... The in-situ data centre mission : Coriolis is an assembly centre that collects data from the main global ocean observing networks as well as from agencies operating observing systems in Europe. Data are obtained from a wide variety of platforms: floats, buoys, research vessels, ships of opportunity, ...
... The in-situ data centre mission : Coriolis is an assembly centre that collects data from the main global ocean observing networks as well as from agencies operating observing systems in Europe. Data are obtained from a wide variety of platforms: floats, buoys, research vessels, ships of opportunity, ...
Marine pollution
Marine pollution occurs when harmful, or potentially harmful, effects result from the entry into the ocean of chemicals, particles, industrial, agricultural and residential waste, noise, or the spread of invasive organisms. Most sources of marine pollution are land based. The pollution often comes from nonpoint sources such as agricultural runoff, wind-blown debris and dust. Nutrient pollution, a form of water pollution, refers to contamination by excessive inputs of nutrients. It is a primary cause of eutrophication of surface waters, in which excess nutrients, usually nitrogen or phosphorus, stimulate algae growth.Many potentially toxic chemicals adhere to tiny particles which are then taken up by plankton and benthos animals, most of which are either deposit or filter feeders. In this way, the toxins are concentrated upward within ocean food chains. Many particles combine chemically in a manner highly depletive of oxygen, causing estuaries to become anoxic.When pesticides are incorporated into the marine ecosystem, they quickly become absorbed into marine food webs. Once in the food webs, these pesticides can cause mutations, as well as diseases, which can be harmful to humans as well as the entire food web.Toxic metals can also be introduced into marine food webs. These can cause a change to tissue matter, biochemistry, behaviour, reproduction, and suppress growth in marine life. Also, many animal feeds have a high fish meal or fish hydrolysate content. In this way, marine toxins can be transferred to land animals, and appear later in meat and dairy products.