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Sustainability of deep-sea fisheries
... its volume that is ocean. But there are fundamental similarities between ecology and economics. In fisheries it is commonplace to call populations ‘‘stocks,’’ alluding to their similarity to capital stocks in economics. Central to this paper is the analogy between (a) the biomass of fish stocks and th ...
... its volume that is ocean. But there are fundamental similarities between ecology and economics. In fisheries it is commonplace to call populations ‘‘stocks,’’ alluding to their similarity to capital stocks in economics. Central to this paper is the analogy between (a) the biomass of fish stocks and th ...
Marine Chemistry 12.742 Lecture 21: Long term cycles of C, O, and
... carbonate to organic carbon produced (the “rain ratio”), which depends on the type of plankton growing in surface waters. The higher the carbonate to organic carbon ratio, the less efficient the biological pump is in removing CO2 from the atmosphere into the deep sea. Changes in ocean alkalinity af ...
... carbonate to organic carbon produced (the “rain ratio”), which depends on the type of plankton growing in surface waters. The higher the carbonate to organic carbon ratio, the less efficient the biological pump is in removing CO2 from the atmosphere into the deep sea. Changes in ocean alkalinity af ...
Control of salinity on the mixed layer depth in the world ocean
... upper mixed layer limited by the salt stratification, which is thinner and thus more reactive than the one defined by the temperature mixed layer [Vialard and Delecluse, 1998a]. Vialard and Delecluse [1998a] also showed that the BL could protect the surface layer from heat exchanges with the thermoc ...
... upper mixed layer limited by the salt stratification, which is thinner and thus more reactive than the one defined by the temperature mixed layer [Vialard and Delecluse, 1998a]. Vialard and Delecluse [1998a] also showed that the BL could protect the surface layer from heat exchanges with the thermoc ...
The biogeochemistry of the river and shelf ecosystem of the Arctic
... The Arctic Ocean is, on a volume basis, the ocean with the highest terrestrial input in terms of freshwater and organic matter. The drainage areas of the Arctic contain more than half of the organic carbon stored globally in soils and are extremely sensitive to climate change. These changes may cons ...
... The Arctic Ocean is, on a volume basis, the ocean with the highest terrestrial input in terms of freshwater and organic matter. The drainage areas of the Arctic contain more than half of the organic carbon stored globally in soils and are extremely sensitive to climate change. These changes may cons ...
ICES Symposium Reports 2010
... Agency in collaboration with the European Commission. Although taking place in 1993, this symposium has had a significant influence, mainly via the Symposium Proceedings which were published in a special issue of OPHELIA (vol. 41 and 42) and included seminal papers, such as Nixon (1995) "Coastal mar ...
... Agency in collaboration with the European Commission. Although taking place in 1993, this symposium has had a significant influence, mainly via the Symposium Proceedings which were published in a special issue of OPHELIA (vol. 41 and 42) and included seminal papers, such as Nixon (1995) "Coastal mar ...
Controls on Sr/Ca in benthic foraminifera and implications for
... are verified to be late Holocene (0e5 ka) in age (Yu and Elderfield, 2007). For down-core work, we measured Sr/Ca in C. mundulus from core BOFS 17K (58 N, 16.5 W, 1150 m) in the polar North Atlantic, and in C. wuellerstorfi from core VM28-122 (12 N, 79 W, 3623 m) in the Caribbean Basin and core WIN ...
... are verified to be late Holocene (0e5 ka) in age (Yu and Elderfield, 2007). For down-core work, we measured Sr/Ca in C. mundulus from core BOFS 17K (58 N, 16.5 W, 1150 m) in the polar North Atlantic, and in C. wuellerstorfi from core VM28-122 (12 N, 79 W, 3623 m) in the Caribbean Basin and core WIN ...
the southern ocean observing system
... by a variety of calcareous organisms to form shells. As the amount of carbonate ion declines, it becomes more difficult for organisms to produce shells and other hard parts made of calcium carbonate. Because of the temperature dependence of the saturation state of calcium carbonate, cold waters in t ...
... by a variety of calcareous organisms to form shells. As the amount of carbonate ion declines, it becomes more difficult for organisms to produce shells and other hard parts made of calcium carbonate. Because of the temperature dependence of the saturation state of calcium carbonate, cold waters in t ...
The Southern Ocean Observing System
... by a variety of calcareous organisms to form shells. As the amount of carbonate ion declines, it becomes more difficult for organisms to produce shells and other hard parts made of calcium carbonate. Because of the temperature dependence of the saturation state of calcium carbonate, cold waters in t ...
... by a variety of calcareous organisms to form shells. As the amount of carbonate ion declines, it becomes more difficult for organisms to produce shells and other hard parts made of calcium carbonate. Because of the temperature dependence of the saturation state of calcium carbonate, cold waters in t ...
UNH M OS Res 2013
... the ocean is contributing to ocean acidity and the changing climate. After gathering enough data year after year to provide a time series ‒ measurements of sufficient length, consistency, and continuity to determine climate variability and change ‒ the UNH researchers have now shown that the Gulf of ...
... the ocean is contributing to ocean acidity and the changing climate. After gathering enough data year after year to provide a time series ‒ measurements of sufficient length, consistency, and continuity to determine climate variability and change ‒ the UNH researchers have now shown that the Gulf of ...
On the origin of endemic species in the Red Sea
... The Red Sea is a semi-enclosed basin at the north-western corner of the Indian Ocean that harbours one of the highest levels of endemism for marine organisms. Although continually being revised (e.g. due to cryptic species; Tornabene et al., 2014), a recent review reports that 12.9% of fishes, 12.6% ...
... The Red Sea is a semi-enclosed basin at the north-western corner of the Indian Ocean that harbours one of the highest levels of endemism for marine organisms. Although continually being revised (e.g. due to cryptic species; Tornabene et al., 2014), a recent review reports that 12.9% of fishes, 12.6% ...
David BARBER - 174460
... sea ice growth and decay, are strongly linked to freshwater input and its exchange among estuaries, coastal currents, and central Hudson Bay. In mid-winter, tidal amplitude and range are significantly reduced by Bay-wide ice, while in the Nelson estuary, tidal speed is amplified by the presence of f ...
... sea ice growth and decay, are strongly linked to freshwater input and its exchange among estuaries, coastal currents, and central Hudson Bay. In mid-winter, tidal amplitude and range are significantly reduced by Bay-wide ice, while in the Nelson estuary, tidal speed is amplified by the presence of f ...
GESAMP 67
... and accidental), dry-docking discharges, operational offshore activities, offshore pipelines, accidents at sea, scrapping of ships, natural oil seeps, refineries and unknown sources. GESAMP requested that the data available so far should be used to evaluate the geographic distribution of spills and ...
... and accidental), dry-docking discharges, operational offshore activities, offshore pipelines, accidents at sea, scrapping of ships, natural oil seeps, refineries and unknown sources. GESAMP requested that the data available so far should be used to evaluate the geographic distribution of spills and ...
Trachurus trachurus
... information to support such stock units (ICES, 1992, 1999b). The papers about the horse mackerel stock structure in the ICES area are very few and they cover only a small part of the stock distribution, or the information is so scarce that it is no possible to conclude the delineation of subpopulat ...
... information to support such stock units (ICES, 1992, 1999b). The papers about the horse mackerel stock structure in the ICES area are very few and they cover only a small part of the stock distribution, or the information is so scarce that it is no possible to conclude the delineation of subpopulat ...
Genomic and Metabolic Diversity of Marine Group I
... cultured. We used single cell genomics to investigate the genomic and metabolic diversity of thaumarchaea within the mesopelagic of the subtropical North Pacific and South Atlantic Ocean. Phylogenetic and metagenomic recruitment analysis revealed that MGI single amplified genomes (SAGs) are genetica ...
... cultured. We used single cell genomics to investigate the genomic and metabolic diversity of thaumarchaea within the mesopelagic of the subtropical North Pacific and South Atlantic Ocean. Phylogenetic and metagenomic recruitment analysis revealed that MGI single amplified genomes (SAGs) are genetica ...
IN 2005 - International Coral Reef Initiative
... About 500 million people depend on coral reefs for some food, coastal protection, building materials and income from tourism. Among these, about 30 million people are dependent on coral reefs to provide their livelihoods, build up their land and support their cultures. Global climate change threaten ...
... About 500 million people depend on coral reefs for some food, coastal protection, building materials and income from tourism. Among these, about 30 million people are dependent on coral reefs to provide their livelihoods, build up their land and support their cultures. Global climate change threaten ...
Relationships between dinoflagellate cyst assemblages in surface
... low (<60 gC m−2 ; Grebmeier, 1993; Hansell et al., 1993). 3 The Bering Shelf Water (BSW) formed by waters from the North Pacific Current spreads on the shelf, which constitutes a more open ocean environment characterised by a salinity of approximately 32.5 in summer (Thomson, 1981; Reed and Stabeno, ...
... low (<60 gC m−2 ; Grebmeier, 1993; Hansell et al., 1993). 3 The Bering Shelf Water (BSW) formed by waters from the North Pacific Current spreads on the shelf, which constitutes a more open ocean environment characterised by a salinity of approximately 32.5 in summer (Thomson, 1981; Reed and Stabeno, ...
Marine Science - Wageningen UR E-depot
... Fishing is one of the important anthropogenic activities affecting marine ecosystems (Jennings and Kaiser, 1998; Halpern et al., 2008), with continental shelf areas, in particular, being heavily exploited by bottom trawls towed over the seabed. Benthic ecosystems on the continental shelf provide imp ...
... Fishing is one of the important anthropogenic activities affecting marine ecosystems (Jennings and Kaiser, 1998; Halpern et al., 2008), with continental shelf areas, in particular, being heavily exploited by bottom trawls towed over the seabed. Benthic ecosystems on the continental shelf provide imp ...
Deep-Sea Life
... analyse their interaction with the continental Fig. 2 - Map of the predicted distribution of deep-sea sponge fields slope as a means of modelling carbonate mound composed of Pheronema carpenteri in UK and Irish deep sea environments. Moorings are the best way to detect internal waves as they give da ...
... analyse their interaction with the continental Fig. 2 - Map of the predicted distribution of deep-sea sponge fields slope as a means of modelling carbonate mound composed of Pheronema carpenteri in UK and Irish deep sea environments. Moorings are the best way to detect internal waves as they give da ...
Marine Artificial Reefs - Rhode Island Saltwater Anglers Association
... grouper, barracuda and snapper hide in shadowy crevices or feed in wide open areas on the abundant supply of smaller fish and invertebrates on the reef. In this setting, both anglers and divers are able to harvest or simply observe a wide variety of animals from fish to lobsters, often within severa ...
... grouper, barracuda and snapper hide in shadowy crevices or feed in wide open areas on the abundant supply of smaller fish and invertebrates on the reef. In this setting, both anglers and divers are able to harvest or simply observe a wide variety of animals from fish to lobsters, often within severa ...
The status of coral reefs and marine resources of Samoa
... area and by cyclone systems generated near Kiribati and Tuvalu. These have their greatest impact on the weather on the north-westem and western sides of Upolu and Savai'i Islands. The annual temperature variation is l -2°C, averaging 26-27°C at sea level. The range of mean daily temperatures is 6-8° ...
... area and by cyclone systems generated near Kiribati and Tuvalu. These have their greatest impact on the weather on the north-westem and western sides of Upolu and Savai'i Islands. The annual temperature variation is l -2°C, averaging 26-27°C at sea level. The range of mean daily temperatures is 6-8° ...
Short term effects of accidental oil pollution in waters of the
... severe toxic effects are associated with compounds with low boiling points, particularly aromatics. The greatest toxic damage has been caused by spills of lighter oil, particularly when confined in a small area. Lighter oils also have higher evaporation rates. This means that e.g. gasoline is highly ...
... severe toxic effects are associated with compounds with low boiling points, particularly aromatics. The greatest toxic damage has been caused by spills of lighter oil, particularly when confined in a small area. Lighter oils also have higher evaporation rates. This means that e.g. gasoline is highly ...
Why the world needs a on high-seas bottom trawling
... European Union (EU) countries took approximately 60 percent of the reported HSBT catch, with Spain accounting for over 65 percent of the reported EU catch and 40 percent of the global HSBT ...
... European Union (EU) countries took approximately 60 percent of the reported HSBT catch, with Spain accounting for over 65 percent of the reported EU catch and 40 percent of the global HSBT ...
Molluscan Studies - Oxford Academic
... the deep sea, respectively. After an introduction to these sister taxa, I consider how they bore, focussing on the evolution of the cephalic hood in teredinids, which could contribute to the depth separation between the families. If the hood serves as a counter pressure to the foot, it may be vital ...
... the deep sea, respectively. After an introduction to these sister taxa, I consider how they bore, focussing on the evolution of the cephalic hood in teredinids, which could contribute to the depth separation between the families. If the hood serves as a counter pressure to the foot, it may be vital ...
Fishing for Protection at Cashes Ledge
... Cashes Ledge is 550 square miles of ocean that consists largely of an underwater mountain range. The highest point, Ammen Rock, sits a mere 40 feet from the surface of the ocean.31 Since the sunlight is able to reach the elevated ocean floor and the ocean currents flow forcefully around the mountain ...
... Cashes Ledge is 550 square miles of ocean that consists largely of an underwater mountain range. The highest point, Ammen Rock, sits a mere 40 feet from the surface of the ocean.31 Since the sunlight is able to reach the elevated ocean floor and the ocean currents flow forcefully around the mountain ...
Marine pollution
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Marine pollution occurs when harmful, or potentially harmful, effects result from the entry into the ocean of chemicals, particles, industrial, agricultural and residential waste, noise, or the spread of invasive organisms. Most sources of marine pollution are land based. The pollution often comes from nonpoint sources such as agricultural runoff, wind-blown debris and dust. Nutrient pollution, a form of water pollution, refers to contamination by excessive inputs of nutrients. It is a primary cause of eutrophication of surface waters, in which excess nutrients, usually nitrogen or phosphorus, stimulate algae growth.Many potentially toxic chemicals adhere to tiny particles which are then taken up by plankton and benthos animals, most of which are either deposit or filter feeders. In this way, the toxins are concentrated upward within ocean food chains. Many particles combine chemically in a manner highly depletive of oxygen, causing estuaries to become anoxic.When pesticides are incorporated into the marine ecosystem, they quickly become absorbed into marine food webs. Once in the food webs, these pesticides can cause mutations, as well as diseases, which can be harmful to humans as well as the entire food web.Toxic metals can also be introduced into marine food webs. These can cause a change to tissue matter, biochemistry, behaviour, reproduction, and suppress growth in marine life. Also, many animal feeds have a high fish meal or fish hydrolysate content. In this way, marine toxins can be transferred to land animals, and appear later in meat and dairy products.