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- International Conference on Ocean Energy
- International Conference on Ocean Energy

... carried out by AZTI-Tecnalia (www.azti.es) in December 2008, the General Directory for Quality and Environmental Evaluation decided in June 2009 that the bimep project did not require to carry out the whole EIA process, arguing that the expected environmental impacts will not be significant. The EIS ...
Spatial Distribution
Spatial Distribution

... = particulate organic matter that originates in the ocean Formed by collisions of debris and large particles, or decaying material, with bacteria and protists attached. Sinks to bottom, carrying nutrients away from surface. ...
`Fertilizing` oceans could affect food chain, scientists say
`Fertilizing` oceans could affect food chain, scientists say

... SEATTLE – The idea seems simple enough: Add iron to the oceans so they absorb more carbon dioxide from the atmosphere than they normally do, and you've found a way to cut the amount of greenhouse gases warming the planet.< But, like most things in science, it's not that easy. That was the word yeste ...
Marine Litter Quantification in the Black Sea: A Pilot Assessment
Marine Litter Quantification in the Black Sea: A Pilot Assessment

... to exceed about two times shelf density related most likely to the proximity to land-based sources, intensive human activities in the coastal marine domain and accumulation on the bottom due to weaker currents (Barnes et al. 2009, Katsanevakis, 2009, Katsanevakis & Katsarou, 2004). The high ML densi ...
Extreme Trapping O
Extreme Trapping O

... a steam auger to cut a hole in the ice scale, the chemical reactions at work and then lower first the anchor, a on settling particles. Nozaki’s work current meter, and the sediment Yoshi Nozaki of the University of Tokyo poses with one of the traps he sends nearly nine kilometers deep. also concerns ...
1 - contentextra
1 - contentextra

...  the effects of climate change ...
From the 4th Global Conference on Oceans, Coasts, and Islands
From the 4th Global Conference on Oceans, Coasts, and Islands

...  Asia will be particularly vulnerable to the effects of climate change, especially major population centers at low elevations including: Mumbai, India; Shanghai, China; Jakarta, Indonesia; Tokyo, Japan; and Dhaka, Bangladesh. The five most vulnerable countries with large populations are China, Indi ...
The Seafloor Lesson 4
The Seafloor Lesson 4

... • The continental margins are the areas where the edge of the continents meet the ocean. • The shallowest part is the continental shelf and extends to slope down to the continental rise and eventually the ocean floor. • The continental shelves are of great economic importance. First of all, about 90 ...
File
File

... Between the high mountain ranges at the centre of the basin and the deep trenches at their edges, the ocean floors are very flat. These wide, open features of the deep sea are called abyssal plains. They are formed of thick deposits of sediment, up to 1 km deep in places. The sediments come from th ...
Lesson 1
Lesson 1

... This motion creates a crack in the ocean floor called a rift, allowing hot magma to move upward through the rift and cool to form new rock. The large, flat, almost level area of the deep- ocean basin is called the abyssal plain. This area is covered with layers of fine sediment. ...
Earth Science 15.2 The Diversity of Ocean Life
Earth Science 15.2 The Diversity of Ocean Life

... conditions for life ideal here because  photosynthesis occurs easily  nutrients wash out from land to this zone  and the bottom provides shelter and habitat. This zone is so rich it supports 90% of the world’s commercial fishing. ...
module - WordPress.com
module - WordPress.com

... Part A Background Phytoplankton (planktonic photosynthetic microbes) in the oceans produce an estimated 50-85% of the oxygen on earth. Phytoplankton productivity (formation of new organic carbon from carbon dioxide) through photosynthesis can vary significantly between ocean regions and over tempora ...
Physical Oceanography
Physical Oceanography

... o In the Southern Hemisphere, the gyres circulate counterclockwise. ...
Oceanography
Oceanography

... – Deep – Ocean Trench – when two plates come together and one goes into the mantle. – Abyssal Plains – Flat deep features – Seamounts/Guyouts – submerged volcanic peaks. ...
Earth Science Exam Review 7
Earth Science Exam Review 7

... forest ecosystems. Above the tree line on mountains, however, the ecosystems change. Few birds are found there. Many factors contribute to the lower number of birds seen above a mountain’s tree line. Which of these factors is abiotic? A limited food B no trees for shelter C.frequent high winds D hig ...
Surface Currents
Surface Currents

... Upwelling is the vertical movement of water toward the ocean’s surface. occurs when wind blows across the ocean’s surface and pushes water away from an area. Deeper colder water then rises to ...
The Oceans
The Oceans

...  Sea ice forms  Salt ions are left behind  Water ...
Ocean`s Role in Climate Change
Ocean`s Role in Climate Change

... (ocean circulation, greenhouse gases) Variations in ocean climate affect all Canadians The oceans role in the climate system must be better monitored and understood to reduce uncertainties in climate forecasts ...
ángeles garcía pardo
ángeles garcía pardo

... environment both distinct from other marine and land ecosystems and unique for the entire planet. Nevertheless, the deep sea is still mostly unknown and current discovery rates of both habitats and species remain high. Deep-sea biodiversity is among of the highest on the planet, mainly composed of m ...
SeaWater properties
SeaWater properties

... surface as lithospheric plates move relative to one another. Identify the role of oceanic ridges, transform faults and deep-sea trenches in defining the edges of lithospheric plates. Understand the importance of asthenospheric thermal convection in plate tectonics and the resulting compression or te ...
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File

... The Arctic Ocean is the smallest and shallowest ocean on earth, at only 5,427,000 square miles. It surrounds the North Pole. It has the lowest salinity due to heavy inflow of freshwater from rivers and streams. Because it’s so close to the North Pole, the Arctic Ocean is covered by ice throughout mo ...
Ch09Pres - Leornian.org
Ch09Pres - Leornian.org

... – Particles of organic matter that settle to the sea floor and are not recycled by bottom-dwelling organisms are buried in sediment deposits, removing the carbon they contain from the water and the biosphere for perhaps millions of years. – Another way in which organic carbon is recycled in the ocea ...
MS Word
MS Word

... cadastre ineffective when it comes to decision-making. The distinct protrayal of these rights is essential for informed policy-making. Secondly, few marine activities can be said to take place on the “surface” of the water. Nearly everything marine actually takes place in a volume of water. Most mar ...
Sweeping The Ocean Floor
Sweeping The Ocean Floor

... Many of these animals are able to light up like fireflies—whether to scare off predators or attract a mate is not entirely clear. Descending in a submersible from the sunlit surface waters into the deep and utter dark of the abyss, one sees these bioluminescent flickers, like flashbulbs in a darkene ...
Mapping the Ocean Floor
Mapping the Ocean Floor

... mantle by processes not yet fully understood.  In the case of the Mid-Atlantic rift valley, one sheet flows east and the other west, each moving at about half an inch per year.  This causes sea floor spreading. ...
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Marine pollution



Marine pollution occurs when harmful, or potentially harmful, effects result from the entry into the ocean of chemicals, particles, industrial, agricultural and residential waste, noise, or the spread of invasive organisms. Most sources of marine pollution are land based. The pollution often comes from nonpoint sources such as agricultural runoff, wind-blown debris and dust. Nutrient pollution, a form of water pollution, refers to contamination by excessive inputs of nutrients. It is a primary cause of eutrophication of surface waters, in which excess nutrients, usually nitrogen or phosphorus, stimulate algae growth.Many potentially toxic chemicals adhere to tiny particles which are then taken up by plankton and benthos animals, most of which are either deposit or filter feeders. In this way, the toxins are concentrated upward within ocean food chains. Many particles combine chemically in a manner highly depletive of oxygen, causing estuaries to become anoxic.When pesticides are incorporated into the marine ecosystem, they quickly become absorbed into marine food webs. Once in the food webs, these pesticides can cause mutations, as well as diseases, which can be harmful to humans as well as the entire food web.Toxic metals can also be introduced into marine food webs. These can cause a change to tissue matter, biochemistry, behaviour, reproduction, and suppress growth in marine life. Also, many animal feeds have a high fish meal or fish hydrolysate content. In this way, marine toxins can be transferred to land animals, and appear later in meat and dairy products.
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