Ch. 20 - Organizing Life Notes
... Aristotle’s categories of plants & animals were eventually replaced by 5 kingdoms. The 5 kingdoms are monerans, protists, fungi, plants, & animals. Now there are 6 kingdoms (monerans broken down into 2) and they are Eubacteria, Archaebacteria, protists, fungi, plants, & animals. 14. Prokaryotic: De ...
... Aristotle’s categories of plants & animals were eventually replaced by 5 kingdoms. The 5 kingdoms are monerans, protists, fungi, plants, & animals. Now there are 6 kingdoms (monerans broken down into 2) and they are Eubacteria, Archaebacteria, protists, fungi, plants, & animals. 14. Prokaryotic: De ...
Heat, salt, pressure, acidity - how `extremophile` bacteria are yielding
... ‘A lot of work has been done looking at bacteria in the gut of animals or in the soil, but marine life is hugely under-sampled and there are many more species in the sea,’ he said. ‘We know more about space than the vast and diverse ecosystem below the seas.’ Research by microbiologists suggests tha ...
... ‘A lot of work has been done looking at bacteria in the gut of animals or in the soil, but marine life is hugely under-sampled and there are many more species in the sea,’ he said. ‘We know more about space than the vast and diverse ecosystem below the seas.’ Research by microbiologists suggests tha ...
013368718X_CH09_129
... A. The domain containing all organisms that have a nucleus B. The domain containing organisms that are prokaryotic and unicellular C. A group of classes D. A group of orders E. A group of families F. A group of species that includes a single common ancestor and all descendents of that ancestor G. A ...
... A. The domain containing all organisms that have a nucleus B. The domain containing organisms that are prokaryotic and unicellular C. A group of classes D. A group of orders E. A group of families F. A group of species that includes a single common ancestor and all descendents of that ancestor G. A ...
PHYSICAL AGENTS TO CONTROL MICROORGANISMS
... are listed below: 1. Phenol and phenol derivatives Phenol (5-10%) was the first disinfectant commonly used. However, because of its toxicity and odor, phenol derivatives are now generally used. These include orthophenylphenol, hexachlorophene, triclosan, hexylresorcinol, and chlorhexidine. Orthophen ...
... are listed below: 1. Phenol and phenol derivatives Phenol (5-10%) was the first disinfectant commonly used. However, because of its toxicity and odor, phenol derivatives are now generally used. These include orthophenylphenol, hexachlorophene, triclosan, hexylresorcinol, and chlorhexidine. Orthophen ...
Grade 6 Standard 5: Students will understand that microorganisms
... A. They make their own food. B. Other organisms and make their own food. C. Decaying matter D. Other microorganisms 6. Which of the following correctly describes the size of fungi compared to the size of bacteria? A. Fungi are larger B. Bacteria are larger C. They are about the same size D. They are ...
... A. They make their own food. B. Other organisms and make their own food. C. Decaying matter D. Other microorganisms 6. Which of the following correctly describes the size of fungi compared to the size of bacteria? A. Fungi are larger B. Bacteria are larger C. They are about the same size D. They are ...
Exam 1 samples The following choices are used for questions 1 – 5
... 8. By using maps to localize the source of a cholera epidemic in London to a specific public water pump, he was able to reduce its spread by implementing public health measures. 9. He developed a vaccine for rabies. 10. Using colony isolation techniques on agar media, he isolated the anthrax and tub ...
... 8. By using maps to localize the source of a cholera epidemic in London to a specific public water pump, he was able to reduce its spread by implementing public health measures. 9. He developed a vaccine for rabies. 10. Using colony isolation techniques on agar media, he isolated the anthrax and tub ...
د. طارق عبد القادر البشيتي Assoc. Prof. in Biotechnology
... and Genetic engineering have made possible; the gene manipulations for production of highly productive strains, the utilization of bacteria for production of rare chemicals like insulin, interferon, growth hormone, viral antigen etc. The discovery of hybridoma technology (production of monoclonal an ...
... and Genetic engineering have made possible; the gene manipulations for production of highly productive strains, the utilization of bacteria for production of rare chemicals like insulin, interferon, growth hormone, viral antigen etc. The discovery of hybridoma technology (production of monoclonal an ...
INFECTION. INFECTIOUS PROCESS. INFECTIOUS DISEASE. Part I
... pH, t°, nutrition. E. coli ferments digested foods, so the host may use some fermentation products. Present in large numbers, being harmless, they may become pathogenic if tissues are damaged (surgery), if gut changes (antibiotics), or immunity reduces. 2. Mutualism refers to an association in which ...
... pH, t°, nutrition. E. coli ferments digested foods, so the host may use some fermentation products. Present in large numbers, being harmless, they may become pathogenic if tissues are damaged (surgery), if gut changes (antibiotics), or immunity reduces. 2. Mutualism refers to an association in which ...
LOYOLA COLLEGE (AUTONOMOUS), CHENNAI – 600 034
... 12. The temperature for the liquid nitrogen storage is ______________________. 13. Extra-chromosomal DNA in bacteria is called _______________. 14. The genetic material in TMV is _______________________. 15. Enrichment of water bodies with nitrates and phosphates leads to ____________. IV. Answer th ...
... 12. The temperature for the liquid nitrogen storage is ______________________. 13. Extra-chromosomal DNA in bacteria is called _______________. 14. The genetic material in TMV is _______________________. 15. Enrichment of water bodies with nitrates and phosphates leads to ____________. IV. Answer th ...
Prokaryotes
... Prokaryotes were the earliest organisms on Earth and evolved alone for 1.5 billion years. Today, prokaryotes still dominate the biosphere. ...
... Prokaryotes were the earliest organisms on Earth and evolved alone for 1.5 billion years. Today, prokaryotes still dominate the biosphere. ...
Form B
... A. symbiont recognition and bacterial attachment to host root hairs are mediated by the combination of host lectin and rhicadhesin, respectively. B. the bacteria and plant host conduct 2-way cell-cell communication by producing and perceiving flavonoids and chitolipooligosaccharides C. the bacteria ...
... A. symbiont recognition and bacterial attachment to host root hairs are mediated by the combination of host lectin and rhicadhesin, respectively. B. the bacteria and plant host conduct 2-way cell-cell communication by producing and perceiving flavonoids and chitolipooligosaccharides C. the bacteria ...
Prokaryotes and the Origins of Metabolic Diversity
... Valley Fever, and Smallpox. Naturally-occurring toxins that can be used as weapons include Ricin, SEB, Botulism toxin, Saxitoxin, and many Mycotoxins. The organisms causing these diseases are known as select agents. Their possession, use, and transfer are regulated by the Centers for Disease Control ...
... Valley Fever, and Smallpox. Naturally-occurring toxins that can be used as weapons include Ricin, SEB, Botulism toxin, Saxitoxin, and many Mycotoxins. The organisms causing these diseases are known as select agents. Their possession, use, and transfer are regulated by the Centers for Disease Control ...
Factors affecting microbial growth in food
... the atmosphere or food environment. • Foods with low water activity placed at high humidity environment take up water, increase their water activity and get spoiled easily. • For example, dry grains stored in a environment with high humidity will take up water and undergo mold spoilage. ...
... the atmosphere or food environment. • Foods with low water activity placed at high humidity environment take up water, increase their water activity and get spoiled easily. • For example, dry grains stored in a environment with high humidity will take up water and undergo mold spoilage. ...
Chemical Agents
... kill microbes 3. Design novel antimicrobial control applications using heat and radiation to sterilize ...
... kill microbes 3. Design novel antimicrobial control applications using heat and radiation to sterilize ...
A Decade of Marine Microbial Ecology
... with colonies of healthy corals common to the Hawaiian islands • Map coral-associated microbial lineages at a range of spatial and temporal scales • Compare CAM communities between apparently healthy corals and those exhibiting disease and/or bleaching • Investigate microorganisms present in differe ...
... with colonies of healthy corals common to the Hawaiian islands • Map coral-associated microbial lineages at a range of spatial and temporal scales • Compare CAM communities between apparently healthy corals and those exhibiting disease and/or bleaching • Investigate microorganisms present in differe ...
Section I Section I
... growing the anthrax bacillus in vitro. Later, he developed solid media which allowed isolation of individual bacterial colonies. Using a solid medium, he was eventually able to isolate the tubercle bacillus from the tissues of an experimental animal in which he had demonstrated microscopically the p ...
... growing the anthrax bacillus in vitro. Later, he developed solid media which allowed isolation of individual bacterial colonies. Using a solid medium, he was eventually able to isolate the tubercle bacillus from the tissues of an experimental animal in which he had demonstrated microscopically the p ...
Course Syllabus - Mahidol University International College
... ICEN 211 Fundamentals and Applications of Environmental Microbiology ...
... ICEN 211 Fundamentals and Applications of Environmental Microbiology ...
Control of Microorganisms Page 300
... - UV radiation is also used to control microbes in the air -a UV or “germicidal” lamp is commonly found in hospital rooms, nurseries, operating rooms, and cafeterias -UV light is also used to disinfect vaccines and other medical products -a major disadvantage of UV light is that the radiation is no ...
... - UV radiation is also used to control microbes in the air -a UV or “germicidal” lamp is commonly found in hospital rooms, nurseries, operating rooms, and cafeterias -UV light is also used to disinfect vaccines and other medical products -a major disadvantage of UV light is that the radiation is no ...
Lecture 1 Introduction, History and Microscopy
... • Microbial eukaryotes are a diverse group that includes algae, protozoa, fungi, and slime molds. ...
... • Microbial eukaryotes are a diverse group that includes algae, protozoa, fungi, and slime molds. ...
LECTURE NOTES READING LIST: COURSE REQUIREMENTS
... Nitrogen fixation is of two types symbiotic and asymbiotic nitrogen fixation. The difference between symbiotic and asymbiotic nitrogen fixation is that microorganisms form symbiotic association with leguminous plants to fix atmospheric nitrogen. The asymbiotic nitrogen fixation microorganisms does n ...
... Nitrogen fixation is of two types symbiotic and asymbiotic nitrogen fixation. The difference between symbiotic and asymbiotic nitrogen fixation is that microorganisms form symbiotic association with leguminous plants to fix atmospheric nitrogen. The asymbiotic nitrogen fixation microorganisms does n ...
Sources of microorganisms in food.
... Pre dominant microorganisms in plants (fruits and vegetables). • Internal tissues are sterile except for few porous vegetables and leafy vegetables. • Some plants produce natural antimicrobial metabolites that limit the presence of microorganisms. • Fruits and vegetables harbour microbes on their s ...
... Pre dominant microorganisms in plants (fruits and vegetables). • Internal tissues are sterile except for few porous vegetables and leafy vegetables. • Some plants produce natural antimicrobial metabolites that limit the presence of microorganisms. • Fruits and vegetables harbour microbes on their s ...
Unit 1: History and Scope of Microbiology
... bacteria. a) Heat sensitive or heat labile forms (vegetative cells) easily destroyed by boiling b) Heat resistant types known as an endospore Tyndall demonstrated that alternate process of heating & cooling if repeated five times, can kill all the endospores. ...
... bacteria. a) Heat sensitive or heat labile forms (vegetative cells) easily destroyed by boiling b) Heat resistant types known as an endospore Tyndall demonstrated that alternate process of heating & cooling if repeated five times, can kill all the endospores. ...
3.1 Diversity of Organisms
... Substances produced by bacteria or fungi [accept microorganisms] to treat infections[kill other bacteria or fungi] Lives on dead organisms An organism living in or on another organism causing it harm. ...
... Substances produced by bacteria or fungi [accept microorganisms] to treat infections[kill other bacteria or fungi] Lives on dead organisms An organism living in or on another organism causing it harm. ...
2.4 Answers
... (Page 112) Understanding Concepts 1. Most organisms in kingdom Archaebacteria thrive under extreme conditions that other organisms could not tolerate. Most live without oxygen. The thermophiles obtain energy by oxidizing sulfur and function in extremely hot environments. The methanogens live in volc ...
... (Page 112) Understanding Concepts 1. Most organisms in kingdom Archaebacteria thrive under extreme conditions that other organisms could not tolerate. Most live without oxygen. The thermophiles obtain energy by oxidizing sulfur and function in extremely hot environments. The methanogens live in volc ...
Microorganism
A microorganism (from the Greek: μικρός, mikros, ""small"" and ὀργανισμός, organismós, ""organism"") is a microscopic living organism, which may be single celled or multicellular. The study of microorganisms is called microbiology, a subject that began with the discovery of microorganisms in 1674 by Antonie van Leeuwenhoek, using a microscope of his own design.Microorganisms are very diverse and include all the bacteria and archaea and almost all the protozoa. They also include some fungi, algae, and certain animals, such as rotifers. Many macroscopic animals and plants have microscopic juvenile stages. Some microbiologists also classify viruses (and viroids) as microorganisms, but others consider these as nonliving.Microorganisms live in every part of the biosphere, including soil, hot springs, ""seven miles deep"" in the ocean, ""40 miles high"" in the atmosphere and inside rocks far down within the Earth's crust (see also endolith). Microorganisms, under certain test conditions, have been observed to thrive in the vacuum of outer space. The total amount of soil and subsurface bacterial carbon is estimated as 5 x 1017 g, or the ""weight of the United Kingdom"". The mass of prokaryote microorganisms — which includes bacteria and archaea, but not the nucleated eukaryote microorganisms — may be as much as 0.8 trillion tons of carbon (of the total biosphere mass, estimated at between 1 and 4 trillion tons). On 17 March 2013, researchers reported data that suggested microbial life forms thrive in the Mariana Trench. the deepest spot in the Earth's oceans. Other researchers reported related studies that microorganisms thrive inside rocks up to 580 m (1,900 ft; 0.36 mi) below the sea floor under 2,590 m (8,500 ft; 1.61 mi) of ocean off the coast of the northwestern United States, as well as 2,400 m (7,900 ft; 1.5 mi) beneath the seabed off Japan. On 20 August 2014, scientists confirmed the existence of microorganisms living 800 m (2,600 ft; 0.50 mi) below the ice of Antarctica. According to one researcher,""You can find microbes everywhere — they're extremely adaptable to conditions, and survive wherever they are.""Microorganisms are crucial to nutrient recycling in ecosystems as they act as decomposers. As some microorganisms can fix nitrogen, they are a vital part of the nitrogen cycle, and recent studies indicate that airborne microorganisms may play a role in precipitation and weather. Microorganisms are also exploited in biotechnology, both in traditional food and beverage preparation, and in modern technologies based on genetic engineering. A small proportion of microorganisms are pathogenic and cause disease and even death in plants and animals. Microorganisms are often referred to as microbes, but this is usually used in reference to pathogens.