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bacteria: the good, the bad and the ugly
... packed tightly into a ball-like structure called a nucleoid. They have a single chromosome that contains about 3,000 genes, depending on the type of bacteria. Bac- ...
... packed tightly into a ball-like structure called a nucleoid. They have a single chromosome that contains about 3,000 genes, depending on the type of bacteria. Bac- ...
Common Cell Shape Evolution of Two Nasopharyngeal - Hal-Riip
... Respiratory infectious diseases are the third cause of worldwide death. The nasopharynx is the portal of entry and the ecological niche of many microorganisms, of which some are pathogenic to humans, such as Neisseria meningitidis and Moraxella catarrhalis. These microbes possess several surface str ...
... Respiratory infectious diseases are the third cause of worldwide death. The nasopharynx is the portal of entry and the ecological niche of many microorganisms, of which some are pathogenic to humans, such as Neisseria meningitidis and Moraxella catarrhalis. These microbes possess several surface str ...
Viruses Are Ancient Parasites that Have Influenced the Evolution of
... at some point on primordial Earth the first true cells must have emerged from something more primitive. Moreover, viruses have a multitude of features that could account for a living organism but they do not fit exactly into the cell theory. Viruses evolve, reproduce genetically and can go extinct. ...
... at some point on primordial Earth the first true cells must have emerged from something more primitive. Moreover, viruses have a multitude of features that could account for a living organism but they do not fit exactly into the cell theory. Viruses evolve, reproduce genetically and can go extinct. ...
Brucella evolution and taxonomy
... The concept of species was first used by scientists working with plants and animals, where pooling the information in the complete genome of two individuals by sexual mechanisms is (with exceptions) a necessary step for multiplication. For these organisms, the concept of ‘‘biological species’’ was d ...
... The concept of species was first used by scientists working with plants and animals, where pooling the information in the complete genome of two individuals by sexual mechanisms is (with exceptions) a necessary step for multiplication. For these organisms, the concept of ‘‘biological species’’ was d ...
chapter 27 prokaryotes and the origins of metabolic diversity
... 2. Two or more helical filaments under the cell wall are attached to a basal motor attached to the cell. [spirochetes, helical bacteria] 3. cells that secrete a jet of slimy threads that anchors the cells to the substratum. ...
... 2. Two or more helical filaments under the cell wall are attached to a basal motor attached to the cell. [spirochetes, helical bacteria] 3. cells that secrete a jet of slimy threads that anchors the cells to the substratum. ...
Human Bacteria In The Production Of Human Cancer
... expression of genes associated with autoimmune disease. More and more research suggests that bacteria share and exchange genes with one another in a process known as "horizontal transfer of genes." Can bacteria transfer their genes to human cells? Could transfer of bacterial genes to human cells ind ...
... expression of genes associated with autoimmune disease. More and more research suggests that bacteria share and exchange genes with one another in a process known as "horizontal transfer of genes." Can bacteria transfer their genes to human cells? Could transfer of bacterial genes to human cells ind ...
Full Text PDF - Jaypee Journals
... the original growth. Bacteriophages are the viruses with either DNA or RNA as the genetic material and both singleand double-stranded forms of each are known. Phages have a developmental cycle within the host bacteria which can be lytic or lysogenic. The lytic cycle comprises a series of events that ...
... the original growth. Bacteriophages are the viruses with either DNA or RNA as the genetic material and both singleand double-stranded forms of each are known. Phages have a developmental cycle within the host bacteria which can be lytic or lysogenic. The lytic cycle comprises a series of events that ...
Chromocurvus halotolerans gen. nov., sp. nov., a
... Aerobic anoxygenic phototrophs also abundantly produce from one to over twenty different carotenoids per species (Fuchs et al. 2007; Yurkov and Beatty 1998), most of which are disengaged from photosynthetic energy transduction (Noguchi et al. 1992; Yurkov et al. 1993). Despite these features that di ...
... Aerobic anoxygenic phototrophs also abundantly produce from one to over twenty different carotenoids per species (Fuchs et al. 2007; Yurkov and Beatty 1998), most of which are disengaged from photosynthetic energy transduction (Noguchi et al. 1992; Yurkov et al. 1993). Despite these features that di ...
Document
... reproduce every 20 minutes). •A single bacterium could reproduce over a million bacteria in 7 hours. ...
... reproduce every 20 minutes). •A single bacterium could reproduce over a million bacteria in 7 hours. ...
Basic Principle of Microbiology
... 1-Eukaryotes ] Nucleus [ :This Cells Form (( Animals –Protozoa- Plants – Fungi –Algea-Helminths )) . - most eukaryotic cells would lyse at temperature extremes (both hot and cold), with dryness, and with very dilute and diverse energy sources. 2- Prokaryotes ] No Nucleus [ :- This Cells Form (( Bact ...
... 1-Eukaryotes ] Nucleus [ :This Cells Form (( Animals –Protozoa- Plants – Fungi –Algea-Helminths )) . - most eukaryotic cells would lyse at temperature extremes (both hot and cold), with dryness, and with very dilute and diverse energy sources. 2- Prokaryotes ] No Nucleus [ :- This Cells Form (( Bact ...
Makeup, it`s an essential part of almost every girls
... too the eye, these organisms are then present on the wand. After this, they are introduced to the mascara inside the tube. Staphylococcus epidermidis, Streptococcus species, and even some forms of fungi are often introduced to the eye when mascara is used. Staphylococcus epidermidis is a type of spi ...
... too the eye, these organisms are then present on the wand. After this, they are introduced to the mascara inside the tube. Staphylococcus epidermidis, Streptococcus species, and even some forms of fungi are often introduced to the eye when mascara is used. Staphylococcus epidermidis is a type of spi ...
Gram Stain Lab Prokaryotic Cell Wall Differentiation
... decolorize easily are referred to as gram-negative and appear pink, whereas those that retain the primary stain are called gram-positive and appear dark blue/purple to almost black. Bacteria stain differently because of chemical and physical differences in their cell walls. Gram-positive cells consi ...
... decolorize easily are referred to as gram-negative and appear pink, whereas those that retain the primary stain are called gram-positive and appear dark blue/purple to almost black. Bacteria stain differently because of chemical and physical differences in their cell walls. Gram-positive cells consi ...
Bacteriophage
... Definition - Obligate intracellular parasites that multiply inside bacteria by making use of some or all of the host biosynthetic machinery Significance ...
... Definition - Obligate intracellular parasites that multiply inside bacteria by making use of some or all of the host biosynthetic machinery Significance ...
18.4 Bacteria and Archaea Kingdom Eubacteria Domain Bacteria
... Bacteria provide nutrients to humans and other animals. • Live in digestive systems of animals – LIKE US!!!. – make vitamins (Ex. E. coli in our lg. intestine make B vitamins for us!) – break down food (Ex. Bacteria in cow stomach digest cellulose in grass, hay, etc. ...
... Bacteria provide nutrients to humans and other animals. • Live in digestive systems of animals – LIKE US!!!. – make vitamins (Ex. E. coli in our lg. intestine make B vitamins for us!) – break down food (Ex. Bacteria in cow stomach digest cellulose in grass, hay, etc. ...
DNA-sensing inflammasomes: regulation of bacterial host defense
... in fact AIM2 (Fernandes-Alnemri et al. 2010; Jones et al. 2010; Rathinam et al. 2010). AIM2 has a HIN-200 domain at its carboxyl terminus, which binds directly to dsDNA of at least 80 base-pairs in length, irrespective of its sequence composition (Jin et al. 2012). The pyrin domain of AIM2 interacts ...
... in fact AIM2 (Fernandes-Alnemri et al. 2010; Jones et al. 2010; Rathinam et al. 2010). AIM2 has a HIN-200 domain at its carboxyl terminus, which binds directly to dsDNA of at least 80 base-pairs in length, irrespective of its sequence composition (Jin et al. 2012). The pyrin domain of AIM2 interacts ...
Preliminary assessment on Agrobacterium-mediated
... da Silva et al., 2011). The Agrobacterium-mediated genetic transformation process relies both on the activity of the bacterial virulence proteins which are required for the early stages of the transformation process (Citovsky et al., 2007). Chemotaxis is the movement or direction of an organism or c ...
... da Silva et al., 2011). The Agrobacterium-mediated genetic transformation process relies both on the activity of the bacterial virulence proteins which are required for the early stages of the transformation process (Citovsky et al., 2007). Chemotaxis is the movement or direction of an organism or c ...
AS Microbiology and Antibiotic Resistance Sep 2012
... • -lactamases capable of hydrolysing extended spectrum cephalosporins, penicillins, and aztreonam • Most often associated with E. coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae but spreading to other bacteria • Usually plasmid mediated • Aminoglycoside, ciprofloxacin and trimethoprimsulfamethoxazole resistance oft ...
... • -lactamases capable of hydrolysing extended spectrum cephalosporins, penicillins, and aztreonam • Most often associated with E. coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae but spreading to other bacteria • Usually plasmid mediated • Aminoglycoside, ciprofloxacin and trimethoprimsulfamethoxazole resistance oft ...
Comparative and Functional Genomic Analysis of Prokaryotic Nickel
... profile is highly selective: there are only one to three candidate sites with a score of ⬎5.00 per genome. The procedure for identification of the signal for group II NikRs in ␦-proteobacteria was described previously (45). A recognition profile of group III NikRs in ε-proteobacteria was constructed ...
... profile is highly selective: there are only one to three candidate sites with a score of ⬎5.00 per genome. The procedure for identification of the signal for group II NikRs in ␦-proteobacteria was described previously (45). A recognition profile of group III NikRs in ε-proteobacteria was constructed ...
Chapter 11
... • Know characteristics of 2 groups of grampositive bacteria and some of the examples listed in the chapter review • Know characteristics of Arhaea, and its 3 major groups (characteristics and where they are found) given in the chapter review • Know why many bacteria have not been classified and iden ...
... • Know characteristics of 2 groups of grampositive bacteria and some of the examples listed in the chapter review • Know characteristics of Arhaea, and its 3 major groups (characteristics and where they are found) given in the chapter review • Know why many bacteria have not been classified and iden ...
LECTURE # 1
... times as big as the object under study. Here you have, in effect, a simple magnifying glass. Now, suppose that you view this magnified image through a second lens (the ocular) that will magnify it five more times. How much larger than the object is the final image that you see? The answer is 50. The ...
... times as big as the object under study. Here you have, in effect, a simple magnifying glass. Now, suppose that you view this magnified image through a second lens (the ocular) that will magnify it five more times. How much larger than the object is the final image that you see? The answer is 50. The ...
Bacteria morphology
... reproduce every 20 minutes). •A single bacterium could reproduce over a million bacteria in 7 hours. ...
... reproduce every 20 minutes). •A single bacterium could reproduce over a million bacteria in 7 hours. ...
Efflux pumps of Gram-negative bacteria: what they do, how they do it
... or mobile genetic elements encoding resistance determinants, a Gram-negative bacterium can increase its antibiotic resistance by preventing the antibiotic from entering the cell. This can be achieved by the control of the outer membrane permeability (decreasing the number of porins that allow the co ...
... or mobile genetic elements encoding resistance determinants, a Gram-negative bacterium can increase its antibiotic resistance by preventing the antibiotic from entering the cell. This can be achieved by the control of the outer membrane permeability (decreasing the number of porins that allow the co ...
The genomic sequence of Exiguobacterium chiriqhucha str
... significance because understanding their strategies to adapt to diverse and extreme environmental conditions will likely place them as model organisms involved in the remediation of organic and inorganic pollutants. In particular, Exiguobacterium strains isolated from the HAALs have the potential of ...
... significance because understanding their strategies to adapt to diverse and extreme environmental conditions will likely place them as model organisms involved in the remediation of organic and inorganic pollutants. In particular, Exiguobacterium strains isolated from the HAALs have the potential of ...
Horizontal gene transfer
![](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Horizontal-gene-transfer.jpg?width=300)
Horizontal gene transfer (HGT) refers to the transfer of genes between organisms in a manner other than traditional reproduction. Also termed lateral gene transfer (LGT), it contrasts with vertical transfer, the transmission of genes from the parental generation to offspring via sexual or asexual reproduction. HGT has been shown to be an important factor in the evolution of many organisms.Horizontal gene transfer is the primary reason for bacterial antibiotic resistance, and plays an important role in the evolution of bacteria that can degrade novel compounds such as human-created pesticides and in the evolution, maintenance, and transmission of virulence. This horizontal gene transfer often involves temperate bacteriophages and plasmids. Genes that are responsible for antibiotic resistance in one species of bacteria can be transferred to another species of bacteria through various mechanisms (e.g., via F-pilus), subsequently arming the antibiotic resistant genes' recipient against antibiotics, which is becoming a medical challenge to deal with.Most thinking in genetics has focused upon vertical transfer, but there is a growing awareness that horizontal gene transfer is a highly significant phenomenon and among single-celled organisms perhaps the dominant form of genetic transfer.Artificial horizontal gene transfer is a form of genetic engineering.