2.06 Understand the functions and disorders of the respiratory
... *Dyspnea-difficult, labored or painful breathing *Eupnea-normal breathing 14-20 resp. Orthopnea-difficulty breathing when lying down *Tachypnea-fast breathing >20 resp. Hyperventilation-caused by disease or stress; rapid breathing and the body loses carbon dioxide ...
... *Dyspnea-difficult, labored or painful breathing *Eupnea-normal breathing 14-20 resp. Orthopnea-difficulty breathing when lying down *Tachypnea-fast breathing >20 resp. Hyperventilation-caused by disease or stress; rapid breathing and the body loses carbon dioxide ...
kainic acid oxidative stress J Appl Toxicol 2001
... rises and consequent oxygen radical production. The generation of free radicals by KA and its correlation with excitotoxicity have been proposed by several groups.4,6,10 Our present results revealed that the systemic administration of KA was able to induce oxidative damage in particular areas of the ...
... rises and consequent oxygen radical production. The generation of free radicals by KA and its correlation with excitotoxicity have been proposed by several groups.4,6,10 Our present results revealed that the systemic administration of KA was able to induce oxidative damage in particular areas of the ...
A functional magnetic resonance study
... prefrontal cortex, and anterior cingulated gyrus et al by face-profession pairs test.32 These studies showed the coherence of function between ACC and parietal lobe, frontal lob. Thus, increasing FCs between pgACC and parietal lobe, frontal lobe in this study should be related with the cognitive dys ...
... prefrontal cortex, and anterior cingulated gyrus et al by face-profession pairs test.32 These studies showed the coherence of function between ACC and parietal lobe, frontal lob. Thus, increasing FCs between pgACC and parietal lobe, frontal lobe in this study should be related with the cognitive dys ...
The misunderstood misophonia - American Academy of Audiology
... no difference in the ALR between groups for the standard tone but a smaller N1 peak was evoked by the oddball in the misophonia subjects. Reduced N1 responses have been found in various psychological disorders including schizophrenia (Hall, 2007). The study seems to have two major limitations. First ...
... no difference in the ALR between groups for the standard tone but a smaller N1 peak was evoked by the oddball in the misophonia subjects. Reduced N1 responses have been found in various psychological disorders including schizophrenia (Hall, 2007). The study seems to have two major limitations. First ...
De Novo Origin of Human Protein-Coding Genes
... Foundation of China, and the Bureau of Science and Technology of Yunnan Province. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist. ...
... Foundation of China, and the Bureau of Science and Technology of Yunnan Province. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist. ...
The Gene Encoding Disabled-1 (DAB1), the Intracellular Adaptor of
... the most affected include those of the cortical plate in the cortex and hippocampus, Purkinje cells, and inferior olivary neurons. In human, mutations in Reelin result in a specific lissencephaly with mental retardation and severe abnormalities of the cerebellum, hippocampus, and brain stem (Norman- ...
... the most affected include those of the cortical plate in the cortex and hippocampus, Purkinje cells, and inferior olivary neurons. In human, mutations in Reelin result in a specific lissencephaly with mental retardation and severe abnormalities of the cerebellum, hippocampus, and brain stem (Norman- ...
Circuits and Circuit Disorders of the Basal Ganglia
... basal ganglia have been worked out (Figure). The striatum and the subthalamic nucleus (STN) receive topographically organized input from the cerebral cortex, whereas the internal segment of the globus pallidus (GPi) and the substantia nigra pars reticulata (SNr) provide basal ganglia output to the ...
... basal ganglia have been worked out (Figure). The striatum and the subthalamic nucleus (STN) receive topographically organized input from the cerebral cortex, whereas the internal segment of the globus pallidus (GPi) and the substantia nigra pars reticulata (SNr) provide basal ganglia output to the ...
Letter to Teachers
... desired was expensive, could cause bad breath, pimples, muscle shakes, and even death. Still want it? Some people do. That’s how badly people addicted to drugs crave them. To find out why, you have to look inside the human brain. Drugs change the way your brain works. To send messages in the brain, ...
... desired was expensive, could cause bad breath, pimples, muscle shakes, and even death. Still want it? Some people do. That’s how badly people addicted to drugs crave them. To find out why, you have to look inside the human brain. Drugs change the way your brain works. To send messages in the brain, ...
Genetic Dissection of Phenotypic Diversity in Farm Animals
... multiple generations. A useful strategy is to increase the statistical power in QTL mapping by using BREEDING VALUES based on phenotypic data from progeny (FIG. 3). This strategy is used extensively to identify QTL for milk production traits, as well as for other traits of interest in dairy cattle15 ...
... multiple generations. A useful strategy is to increase the statistical power in QTL mapping by using BREEDING VALUES based on phenotypic data from progeny (FIG. 3). This strategy is used extensively to identify QTL for milk production traits, as well as for other traits of interest in dairy cattle15 ...
Cognitive impairment and associated loss in brain white
... Participants consisted of aircrew members (AC group; pilots and flight attendants and 1 platform supervisor) with cognitive complaints, visiting a clinic for occupational neurological diseases with cognitive complaints, in close time relation with flying hours and for which no other apparent explana ...
... Participants consisted of aircrew members (AC group; pilots and flight attendants and 1 platform supervisor) with cognitive complaints, visiting a clinic for occupational neurological diseases with cognitive complaints, in close time relation with flying hours and for which no other apparent explana ...
Malformations of the Cerebral Cortex as a Cause of Mental
... Genetic studies of cerebral cortex development and neuronal migration have been remarkably successful over the past few years, uncovering several genes that, when mutated, cause disorders of neuronal migration and cerebral cortical development in mice and in humans [1]. Epilepsy is often present in ...
... Genetic studies of cerebral cortex development and neuronal migration have been remarkably successful over the past few years, uncovering several genes that, when mutated, cause disorders of neuronal migration and cerebral cortical development in mice and in humans [1]. Epilepsy is often present in ...
Complex trait analysis, develop
... 2. Do App and Ctbp2 expression share any other QTLs beside that on Chr 7? 3. Can you exploit literature mining tools to find a strong relationship between App and Ctbp2? 4. Why might the cis QTL for Ctbp2 expression only be detected in the striatum data set? ...
... 2. Do App and Ctbp2 expression share any other QTLs beside that on Chr 7? 3. Can you exploit literature mining tools to find a strong relationship between App and Ctbp2? 4. Why might the cis QTL for Ctbp2 expression only be detected in the striatum data set? ...
Region-specific effects of hypothyroidism on the relative expression
... TRβ isoforms was located mainly in the paraventricular nuclei of hypothalamus, anterior pituitary and it was a little less evident in cerebral neocortex and hippocampus [24]. The physiological relevance of the differential quantitative distribution of TR isoforms in each brain region is still unknow ...
... TRβ isoforms was located mainly in the paraventricular nuclei of hypothalamus, anterior pituitary and it was a little less evident in cerebral neocortex and hippocampus [24]. The physiological relevance of the differential quantitative distribution of TR isoforms in each brain region is still unknow ...
Children's intellectual ability is associated with structural network integrity
... 2009), and the electroencephalogram (EEG; Langer et al., 2012). Since brain development in childhood is associated with large-scale changes in synaptic connectivity, gray matter thickness and myelination, these relationships could be quite different than those observed in the adult brain. For exampl ...
... 2009), and the electroencephalogram (EEG; Langer et al., 2012). Since brain development in childhood is associated with large-scale changes in synaptic connectivity, gray matter thickness and myelination, these relationships could be quite different than those observed in the adult brain. For exampl ...
Neuronal Loss in the Brainstem and Cerebellum
... shown that different parts of the human brain are affected differently by aging (1,2) and that phylogenetically younger parts of the brain such as the cerebral and cerebellar cortex are more likely to undergo morphological changes (3) than do the phylogenetically older subcortical structures. It has ...
... shown that different parts of the human brain are affected differently by aging (1,2) and that phylogenetically younger parts of the brain such as the cerebral and cerebellar cortex are more likely to undergo morphological changes (3) than do the phylogenetically older subcortical structures. It has ...
Enhancer
... – Combinatorial patterns of marks chromatin states – Distinct classes of prom/enh/transcr/repres’d/repetitive – Reveal new genes, lincRNAs, enhancers, GWAS/SNP ...
... – Combinatorial patterns of marks chromatin states – Distinct classes of prom/enh/transcr/repres’d/repetitive – Reveal new genes, lincRNAs, enhancers, GWAS/SNP ...
Abstract Book Brain Circuits for Positive Emotions
... mood and arousal. However, while a growing body of neuroscience research has been able to reveal neural correlates of distinct musical emotions ranging from the basic (e.g. happy and sad) to the aesthetic (e.g. wonder and nostalgia), still elusive are insights into the dynamics of the communication ...
... mood and arousal. However, while a growing body of neuroscience research has been able to reveal neural correlates of distinct musical emotions ranging from the basic (e.g. happy and sad) to the aesthetic (e.g. wonder and nostalgia), still elusive are insights into the dynamics of the communication ...
International Journal of Advance Research in Computer Science
... Here, instead of a central nervous system, there are decentralized nerve nets where sensory neurons communicate with motor neurons by electric signals. This communication can be seen as a logic circuit where some action is done if signals from a certain group of input sensory neurons are present. Th ...
... Here, instead of a central nervous system, there are decentralized nerve nets where sensory neurons communicate with motor neurons by electric signals. This communication can be seen as a logic circuit where some action is done if signals from a certain group of input sensory neurons are present. Th ...
Nonlinear Changes in Brain Activity During Continuous Word
... presentations, accuracy improved and response latency diminished in an asymptotic fashion. In the fixed-effects analyses, brain activity for both constant brain activation and linear decrease during continuous word repetitions (Figs 3 and 4) revealed regions in general agreement with studies on reco ...
... presentations, accuracy improved and response latency diminished in an asymptotic fashion. In the fixed-effects analyses, brain activity for both constant brain activation and linear decrease during continuous word repetitions (Figs 3 and 4) revealed regions in general agreement with studies on reco ...
AACBIS - Brain Injury Alliance of Oregon
... Connected to the eyes by optic nerves Optic nerves carrying signals meet at a "crossing" called the optic chiasm The left optic track carries signals from the right–side field of vision, and the right optic track takes signals from the left so that both sides of the brain "see" the same thing. M ...
... Connected to the eyes by optic nerves Optic nerves carrying signals meet at a "crossing" called the optic chiasm The left optic track carries signals from the right–side field of vision, and the right optic track takes signals from the left so that both sides of the brain "see" the same thing. M ...
Convergent evolution of complex brains and high intelligence
... Octopus. Until today, it is unclear how the findings by Fiorito & Scotto [25] should be interpreted, i.e. whether or not they give clear evidence for observational learning. ...
... Octopus. Until today, it is unclear how the findings by Fiorito & Scotto [25] should be interpreted, i.e. whether or not they give clear evidence for observational learning. ...
Representations in the Human Prefrontal Cortex
... grated patterns. It seems likely that the development of the PFC would follow the same representational model as the more posterior cortex from which it was derived, especially given the rapid increase in PFC size and complexity that occurred with the evolution of modern humans. A parsimonious hypot ...
... grated patterns. It seems likely that the development of the PFC would follow the same representational model as the more posterior cortex from which it was derived, especially given the rapid increase in PFC size and complexity that occurred with the evolution of modern humans. A parsimonious hypot ...
Sequence Validation of Candidates for Selectively Important Genes
... frequencies relative to non-selected loci [16–19]. Rejection of the null hypothesis of neutrality provides evidence that the gene or region of interest has been the target of past selection. Identifying such loci through their patterns of DNA polymorphism therefore circumvents the need for creating ...
... frequencies relative to non-selected loci [16–19]. Rejection of the null hypothesis of neutrality provides evidence that the gene or region of interest has been the target of past selection. Identifying such loci through their patterns of DNA polymorphism therefore circumvents the need for creating ...
CV - The Solomon H Snyder Department of Neuroscience
... expressed broadly, caused lethality. The reason for this was unknown. This publication described the solution to this problem. To determine which region of QF was the cause of lethality, we decided to generate chimeric QF proteins that swapped QF domains with GAL4 domains. We separated the QF protei ...
... expressed broadly, caused lethality. The reason for this was unknown. This publication described the solution to this problem. To determine which region of QF was the cause of lethality, we decided to generate chimeric QF proteins that swapped QF domains with GAL4 domains. We separated the QF protei ...
Onychophoran head segmentation
... coelomic cavity and appendage. A segment is normally defined as a repetitive unit with structures such as neuromeres, coelomic cavities, appendages, annuli, set of muscles and nephridia (Scholtz, 2002). Apart from annuli and muscle sets, all of these characters are associated with each of the three ...
... coelomic cavity and appendage. A segment is normally defined as a repetitive unit with structures such as neuromeres, coelomic cavities, appendages, annuli, set of muscles and nephridia (Scholtz, 2002). Apart from annuli and muscle sets, all of these characters are associated with each of the three ...