Economies of Scale, Imperfect Competition, and International Trade.
... Characteristics & differences between intra/inter trade • Inter-industry trade reflects the comparative advantage. • Intra-industry trade has its origin in the economies of scale. 1. Intra-industry trade has an unpredictable pattern: we don’t know which country produces which goods, while interindus ...
... Characteristics & differences between intra/inter trade • Inter-industry trade reflects the comparative advantage. • Intra-industry trade has its origin in the economies of scale. 1. Intra-industry trade has an unpredictable pattern: we don’t know which country produces which goods, while interindus ...
... • The slowdown has been marked: the region grew on average by 4.8% in 2003-2007 and 4.1% in 2010-2013 • Latin America and the Caribbean is expected to continue to be the developing region with the least dynamic performance in the period 2014-2019 • Exports slowed sharply in 2012 and 2013 • Increasin ...
Gauteng Economic Development Agency
... improve their competitiveness and create sustainable and decent jobs • To facilitate and promote the Gauteng City Region as an Investment and Trade destination ...
... improve their competitiveness and create sustainable and decent jobs • To facilitate and promote the Gauteng City Region as an Investment and Trade destination ...
Intermediate Goods and Weak Links: A Theory of Economic
... multiplier has a cost. In particular, theories of economic development often suffer from a “magic bullet” critique. If the multiplier is so large, then solving the development problem may be quite easy. For example, this is a potential problem in the Manuelli and Seshadri (2005) paper: small subsidi ...
... multiplier has a cost. In particular, theories of economic development often suffer from a “magic bullet” critique. If the multiplier is so large, then solving the development problem may be quite easy. For example, this is a potential problem in the Manuelli and Seshadri (2005) paper: small subsidi ...
- Statcan.gc.ca
... per capita and actual individual consumption (AIC) per capita. The purpose of the ICP is to compare price and actual spending levels of GDP, including its components, using purchasing power parities (PPPs) between participating countries. The program is the result of a statistical partnership establ ...
... per capita and actual individual consumption (AIC) per capita. The purpose of the ICP is to compare price and actual spending levels of GDP, including its components, using purchasing power parities (PPPs) between participating countries. The program is the result of a statistical partnership establ ...
Lecture Notes for Chapter 5
... Factor Levels and Output Levels • Rybczynski theorem: If a factor of production increases, then the supply of the good that uses this factor relatively intensively increases and the supply of the other good decreases. – An increase in capital causes the supply of food (good that relatively intensive ...
... Factor Levels and Output Levels • Rybczynski theorem: If a factor of production increases, then the supply of the good that uses this factor relatively intensively increases and the supply of the other good decreases. – An increase in capital causes the supply of food (good that relatively intensive ...
Chapter 5 Resources and Trade: The Heckscher-Ohlin
... Factor Levels and Output Levels • Rybczynski theorem: If a factor of production increases, then the supply of the good that uses this factor relatively intensively increases and the supply of the other good decreases. – An increase in capital causes the supply of food (good that relatively intensiv ...
... Factor Levels and Output Levels • Rybczynski theorem: If a factor of production increases, then the supply of the good that uses this factor relatively intensively increases and the supply of the other good decreases. – An increase in capital causes the supply of food (good that relatively intensiv ...
Economics of development
... “Real national income” refers to the country’s total output of final goods and services in real terms rather than in money terms. Thus price changes will have to be ruled out, while calculating real national income. But this is unrealistic in a developing economy, where variations in price are inevi ...
... “Real national income” refers to the country’s total output of final goods and services in real terms rather than in money terms. Thus price changes will have to be ruled out, while calculating real national income. But this is unrealistic in a developing economy, where variations in price are inevi ...
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... Theoretical research in international trade increasingly emphasizes the decisions of individual plants and firms in understanding the causes and consequences of aggregate trade. This new theoretical emphasis is a response to empirical studies using micro data, which revealed a number of features of ...
... Theoretical research in international trade increasingly emphasizes the decisions of individual plants and firms in understanding the causes and consequences of aggregate trade. This new theoretical emphasis is a response to empirical studies using micro data, which revealed a number of features of ...
NBER WORKING PAPER SERIES THEORIES OF HETEROGENEOUS FIRMS AND TRADE
... Theoretical research in international trade increasingly emphasizes the decisions of individual plants and firms in understanding the causes and consequences of aggregate trade. This new theoretical emphasis is a response to empirical studies using micro data, which revealed a number of features of ...
... Theoretical research in international trade increasingly emphasizes the decisions of individual plants and firms in understanding the causes and consequences of aggregate trade. This new theoretical emphasis is a response to empirical studies using micro data, which revealed a number of features of ...
Creative Destruction
... employment change at the establishment level from one period to the next. Using these definitions, they concluded that over ten per cent of the jobs that exist at any point in time did not exist a year before or will not exist a year later. That is, over ten per cent of existing jobs are destroyed e ...
... employment change at the establishment level from one period to the next. Using these definitions, they concluded that over ten per cent of the jobs that exist at any point in time did not exist a year before or will not exist a year later. That is, over ten per cent of existing jobs are destroyed e ...
Trade Growth And Industrialization
... fail to rise to the extent that there is a pent up demand for foreign consumer goods. On the other hand, as recognized by the World Bank (2002a, fn. 17, p. 181), a rise in FDI may not yield longterm benefits in terms of accumulation because of subsequent repatriation of profits. In any case increase ...
... fail to rise to the extent that there is a pent up demand for foreign consumer goods. On the other hand, as recognized by the World Bank (2002a, fn. 17, p. 181), a rise in FDI may not yield longterm benefits in terms of accumulation because of subsequent repatriation of profits. In any case increase ...
View Article - Annals of Economics and Finance
... been a tendency to focus too much on differences in growth rates of output, and to focus too little on differences in levels of output. Comparisons of growth rates inevitably carry overtones suggesting implicitly that the growth rates are almost indefinitely sustainable. In fact steady-state growth ...
... been a tendency to focus too much on differences in growth rates of output, and to focus too little on differences in levels of output. Comparisons of growth rates inevitably carry overtones suggesting implicitly that the growth rates are almost indefinitely sustainable. In fact steady-state growth ...
Testing Tax Competition - European Trade Study Group
... for its inclusion is evasive and rarely grounded in theory. With the exception of Slemrod (2004), each study provides a rationale that is different than the one developed in our paper. For instance, Devereux et al. (2008) control for country size with the assumption that larger countries probably ha ...
... for its inclusion is evasive and rarely grounded in theory. With the exception of Slemrod (2004), each study provides a rationale that is different than the one developed in our paper. For instance, Devereux et al. (2008) control for country size with the assumption that larger countries probably ha ...
2. Data by country
... compile their accounts according to the 1993 System of National Accounts (1993 SNA) with the exception of Australia which has adopted the 2008 SNA. However, some series may be based on the country’s own system of national accounts. In all cases, official national data is used without any adjustment ...
... compile their accounts according to the 1993 System of National Accounts (1993 SNA) with the exception of Australia which has adopted the 2008 SNA. However, some series may be based on the country’s own system of national accounts. In all cases, official national data is used without any adjustment ...
East African Community Customs Union
... rest of the world? This is important in view of the developments at global level, where countries are entering into economic partnership as regional groupings. Adjustment of the national external tariffs to the common external tariff will result into major welfare gains for consumers, if the CET on ...
... rest of the world? This is important in view of the developments at global level, where countries are entering into economic partnership as regional groupings. Adjustment of the national external tariffs to the common external tariff will result into major welfare gains for consumers, if the CET on ...
Global restructuring in retail: What impact on labor
... extra-long hours, are more likely to be self-employed or unpaid, and business units are tiny. In part, these differences reflect the fact that supermarketization is essentially complete in the United States, whereas in Mexico small, family-run businesses in which family members work long hours conti ...
... extra-long hours, are more likely to be self-employed or unpaid, and business units are tiny. In part, these differences reflect the fact that supermarketization is essentially complete in the United States, whereas in Mexico small, family-run businesses in which family members work long hours conti ...
NBER WORKING PAPER SERIES MODEL Claustre Bajona
... model in the sense that the two factors of production are identified as labor and physical capital. A country that is capital abundant in the terminology of Heckscher-Ohlin theory is rich in the terminology of growth theory. It would be straightforward to redo the analysis for a model in which the t ...
... model in the sense that the two factors of production are identified as labor and physical capital. A country that is capital abundant in the terminology of Heckscher-Ohlin theory is rich in the terminology of growth theory. It would be straightforward to redo the analysis for a model in which the t ...
International trade with intermediate and final goods
... Baldwin (2010) argues that today’s international trade consists not only in exchange of raw materials and final goods, but as well in complex, two-way flows of goods, services, people, ideas, and investments in physical, human and knowledge capital. In his opinion last century trade was dominated by ...
... Baldwin (2010) argues that today’s international trade consists not only in exchange of raw materials and final goods, but as well in complex, two-way flows of goods, services, people, ideas, and investments in physical, human and knowledge capital. In his opinion last century trade was dominated by ...
Economists for Brexit: A Critique
... Third, Minford misunderstands the nature of regulations and product standards. The idea of the Single Market is to have common rules so that a product sold in one EU country can also be sold in any other. If there are 28 different sets of rules governing the sale of a product, it will be harder to s ...
... Third, Minford misunderstands the nature of regulations and product standards. The idea of the Single Market is to have common rules so that a product sold in one EU country can also be sold in any other. If there are 28 different sets of rules governing the sale of a product, it will be harder to s ...
Forms of Economic Globalization - sugarhoover ¨¨ rit´s portfolio
... globalization is clearly illustrated first of all by the share of intraindustry trade - world production ratio and the factor of industry specialization which is a correlation of domestic and international export quotas of the industry. The globalization at a company level depends on a company’s div ...
... globalization is clearly illustrated first of all by the share of intraindustry trade - world production ratio and the factor of industry specialization which is a correlation of domestic and international export quotas of the industry. The globalization at a company level depends on a company’s div ...
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... one RTA. Asia has also seen a large number of trading agreements since the year 2000. Over the years, the participation of Asian countries is also increasing. Countries’ consider these agreements are the way to reduce tariffs and smooth trade in production networks. As per the ADB statistic, in 2013 ...
... one RTA. Asia has also seen a large number of trading agreements since the year 2000. Over the years, the participation of Asian countries is also increasing. Countries’ consider these agreements are the way to reduce tariffs and smooth trade in production networks. As per the ADB statistic, in 2013 ...
The German economy in the international division of
... including from other European countries. In addition, bilateral trade links in particular are becoming more influenced by supply and demand-driven third-country effects. As a result, the importance of individual countries or groups of countries for the German economy’s foreign business is also shi ...
... including from other European countries. In addition, bilateral trade links in particular are becoming more influenced by supply and demand-driven third-country effects. As a result, the importance of individual countries or groups of countries for the German economy’s foreign business is also shi ...
xxii conferenza italiana di scienze regionali
... of the European Union (EU) to incorporate 12 new nations from Central and Eastern Europe. The first 10 of these nations acceded on 1st May 2004 and were later joined on 1st January 2007 by Bulgaria and Romania. Such a large increase in the size of the EU will undoubtedly lead to massive changes to t ...
... of the European Union (EU) to incorporate 12 new nations from Central and Eastern Europe. The first 10 of these nations acceded on 1st May 2004 and were later joined on 1st January 2007 by Bulgaria and Romania. Such a large increase in the size of the EU will undoubtedly lead to massive changes to t ...
Industry and Trade in a Global Economy With Special
... 1.1.4 Globalization: the variable social space of the informational economy If, for the sceptics, there is no difference between the present and the past, and for the hyperglobalizers, the future is already here, a third position is taken by the transformationalists for whom the present is qualitati ...
... 1.1.4 Globalization: the variable social space of the informational economy If, for the sceptics, there is no difference between the present and the past, and for the hyperglobalizers, the future is already here, a third position is taken by the transformationalists for whom the present is qualitati ...
International factor movements
In international economics, international factor movements are movements of labor, capital, and other factors of production between countries. International factor movements occur in three ways: immigration/emigration, capital transfers through international borrowing and lending, and foreign direct investment. International factor movements also raise political and social issues not present in trade in goods and services. Nations frequently restrict immigration, capital flows, and foreign direct investment.