Rolf TRAEGER - Swiss Network for International Studies
... coordinating the preparation of the UNCTAD secretariat document International trade in tourism-related services: issues and options for developing countries (1998) and by interacting with key players in other international organizations and private sector institutions and contacting country experts ...
... coordinating the preparation of the UNCTAD secretariat document International trade in tourism-related services: issues and options for developing countries (1998) and by interacting with key players in other international organizations and private sector institutions and contacting country experts ...
Intermediate Goods, Weak Links, and Superstars: A
... multiplier has a cost. In particular, theories of economic development often suffer from a “magic bullet” critique. If the multiplier is so large, then solving the development problem may be quite easy. For example, this is a potential problem in the Manuelli and Seshadri (2005) paper: small subsidi ...
... multiplier has a cost. In particular, theories of economic development often suffer from a “magic bullet” critique. If the multiplier is so large, then solving the development problem may be quite easy. For example, this is a potential problem in the Manuelli and Seshadri (2005) paper: small subsidi ...
barriers to trade
... A Standard Model: (1) Production Possibilities and Relative Supply Assumptions of the model: – Each country produces two goods (eg. food and cloth) – Each country’s production possibility frontier is a ...
... A Standard Model: (1) Production Possibilities and Relative Supply Assumptions of the model: – Each country produces two goods (eg. food and cloth) – Each country’s production possibility frontier is a ...
4. S D and
... in the April Inflation Report and that national income posted a quarterly and yearly growth of 1.3 and 2.3 percent, respectively. The quarterly GDP growth was mostly driven by agriculture and net taxes, while industrial, construction and services sectors continued to expand modestly. On the expendit ...
... in the April Inflation Report and that national income posted a quarterly and yearly growth of 1.3 and 2.3 percent, respectively. The quarterly GDP growth was mostly driven by agriculture and net taxes, while industrial, construction and services sectors continued to expand modestly. On the expendit ...
GROWTH IN THE
... developed nations, and that they face a choice regarding their trade dependency. Henceforth we will refer to the sector producing 7€ as sector c. One way of characterizing this situation is by assuming that the developing countries have access 8; where I < 8 < 1 ¶ The to two technologies with differ ...
... developed nations, and that they face a choice regarding their trade dependency. Henceforth we will refer to the sector producing 7€ as sector c. One way of characterizing this situation is by assuming that the developing countries have access 8; where I < 8 < 1 ¶ The to two technologies with differ ...
Trade, value chains and food security
... them, “national and global lead firms now dictate how products are cultivated, harvested, transported, processed and stored through a series of public and private standards that producers must satisfy in order to maintain their access to markets” (Bamber and Fernandez-Stark, 2014). There is also con ...
... them, “national and global lead firms now dictate how products are cultivated, harvested, transported, processed and stored through a series of public and private standards that producers must satisfy in order to maintain their access to markets” (Bamber and Fernandez-Stark, 2014). There is also con ...
ge09 korhonen 9109401 en
... movements (over 8 years) correspond to the low frequency band below π/16. Second, the traditional business cycles (that is, cycles with a period between 1.5 and 8 years) belong to the medium part of the figure (marked as a shadow area) between π/16 and π/3. Finally, the shortrun movements are define ...
... movements (over 8 years) correspond to the low frequency band below π/16. Second, the traditional business cycles (that is, cycles with a period between 1.5 and 8 years) belong to the medium part of the figure (marked as a shadow area) between π/16 and π/3. Finally, the shortrun movements are define ...
Lecture note 1
... Some countries, such as Singapore and (formerly) Hong Kong, are considered to be highly free trade oriented. Others, like North Korea and Cuba, have long been relatively closed economies and thus are closer to the state of autarky. The rest of the world lies somewhere in between. Most policy discuss ...
... Some countries, such as Singapore and (formerly) Hong Kong, are considered to be highly free trade oriented. Others, like North Korea and Cuba, have long been relatively closed economies and thus are closer to the state of autarky. The rest of the world lies somewhere in between. Most policy discuss ...
PRODUCTION DEVELOPMENT Productivity, social expenditure and income distribution
... growth and employment, entails more formal and decent jobs, and provides the income basis for taxes and transfers. In turn, redistributive institutions are necessary to ensure that taxes and transfers favor workers at the bottom of the income distribution and correct the negative impact on equality ...
... growth and employment, entails more formal and decent jobs, and provides the income basis for taxes and transfers. In turn, redistributive institutions are necessary to ensure that taxes and transfers favor workers at the bottom of the income distribution and correct the negative impact on equality ...
Official PDF , 40 pages
... as Ukraine, Uzbekistan, Belarus, and Georgia-have not arrested their output decline and still face most of their adjustment costs (Le Gall 1994; Kaufmann 1994; Connolly and Vatnick 1994).2 The Baltics, the fastest reformers, have done the most to reorient production and trade. And their near-term gr ...
... as Ukraine, Uzbekistan, Belarus, and Georgia-have not arrested their output decline and still face most of their adjustment costs (Le Gall 1994; Kaufmann 1994; Connolly and Vatnick 1994).2 The Baltics, the fastest reformers, have done the most to reorient production and trade. And their near-term gr ...
DEPARTMENT OF ECONOMICS
... assume away beggar-thy-neighbor e§ects through constant relative prices, the nature of world demand and growth continues to depend on constituent country characteristics. Again, I do this by demonstrating the e§ects of di§erences in consumption patterns. In particular, I show that, even in this boi ...
... assume away beggar-thy-neighbor e§ects through constant relative prices, the nature of world demand and growth continues to depend on constituent country characteristics. Again, I do this by demonstrating the e§ects of di§erences in consumption patterns. In particular, I show that, even in this boi ...
NBER WORKING PAPER SERIES TRADE LIBERALIZATION OPENNESS, OUTWARD
... pioneering modern studies on trade orientation and economic performance. These influential works discussed the characteristics of two broadly defined trade regimes - - ...
... pioneering modern studies on trade orientation and economic performance. These influential works discussed the characteristics of two broadly defined trade regimes - - ...
Dependent on Comprehensive Advantages for Business Innovation
... achieve common development through the upgrade of technology and introduction of advanced foreign equipment. General equilibrium runs through comparative theory in market mechanism. Under market economy, on the basis of optimal allocation of resources, as the raise of income level, accumulation of c ...
... achieve common development through the upgrade of technology and introduction of advanced foreign equipment. General equilibrium runs through comparative theory in market mechanism. Under market economy, on the basis of optimal allocation of resources, as the raise of income level, accumulation of c ...
Capital Imports Composition, Complementarities, and the Skill
... best knowledge, we are the …rst to empirically document that some types of capital are more complementary to unskilled workers. Acemoglu (2002) suggests an explanation for why this is the case: An increase in the supply of skilled labor in industrial economies, which occurred during the same period ...
... best knowledge, we are the …rst to empirically document that some types of capital are more complementary to unskilled workers. Acemoglu (2002) suggests an explanation for why this is the case: An increase in the supply of skilled labor in industrial economies, which occurred during the same period ...
6.1 Introduction 6.2 The Economics of Ideas
... • See the text for additional resources on ideas, institutions, and economic growth. ...
... • See the text for additional resources on ideas, institutions, and economic growth. ...
Idea Flows, Economic Growth, and Trade
... in the general case is not a possibility, so we continue with numerical results. In Section 5 we carry out some quantitative explorations to illustrate the effects of trade costs on income levels and growth rates. We calculate equilibrium paths for a symmetric world economy under different trade pa ...
... in the general case is not a possibility, so we continue with numerical results. In Section 5 we carry out some quantitative explorations to illustrate the effects of trade costs on income levels and growth rates. We calculate equilibrium paths for a symmetric world economy under different trade pa ...
PPT chapter 15 - McGraw Hill Higher Education
... called capital inflows, and purchases of foreign assets by domestic households and firms are called capital outflows. • The difference between the two flows are net capital inflows, or net capital outflows. Copyright © 2011 McGraw-Hill Australia Pty Ltd PowerPoint slides to accompany Principles of M ...
... called capital inflows, and purchases of foreign assets by domestic households and firms are called capital outflows. • The difference between the two flows are net capital inflows, or net capital outflows. Copyright © 2011 McGraw-Hill Australia Pty Ltd PowerPoint slides to accompany Principles of M ...
Causality between Capital Flow, Human Capital
... One fundamental objective that is common to both developed and underdeveloped economies is how to attain and sustain economic growth. Nigeria is a middle income, mixed economy with an emerging market. The 2014 GDP rebasing revealed that Nigeria is the largest economy in Africa and has a track of bec ...
... One fundamental objective that is common to both developed and underdeveloped economies is how to attain and sustain economic growth. Nigeria is a middle income, mixed economy with an emerging market. The 2014 GDP rebasing revealed that Nigeria is the largest economy in Africa and has a track of bec ...
Globalization, Growth, and the Poor - 1
... theory, yet the reality is far more complicated and many links could be absent in some countries at some points in time. Agenor (2003), for example, finds that globalization may have a Ushaped effect on poverty: while extensive integration reduces poverty, small amounts of globalization may hurt the ...
... theory, yet the reality is far more complicated and many links could be absent in some countries at some points in time. Agenor (2003), for example, finds that globalization may have a Ushaped effect on poverty: while extensive integration reduces poverty, small amounts of globalization may hurt the ...
View/Open
... estimated using the LSQ procedure in TSP version 5.0. This procedure uses the multivariate Gauss-Newton method to estimate the parameters in the system (Hall & Cummins, 2005). Due to the adding up property, the import allocation system was singular and required that an equation be deleted for estima ...
... estimated using the LSQ procedure in TSP version 5.0. This procedure uses the multivariate Gauss-Newton method to estimate the parameters in the system (Hall & Cummins, 2005). Due to the adding up property, the import allocation system was singular and required that an equation be deleted for estima ...
Development, Trade, and Social Insurance
... Though important, such research does not explain the underlying complexion of spending across countries on the eve of the widespread liberalization of markets in the 1980s. To the extent this variation has been addressed, it is only atheoretically via country fixed effects that are not reported in ...
... Though important, such research does not explain the underlying complexion of spending across countries on the eve of the widespread liberalization of markets in the 1980s. To the extent this variation has been addressed, it is only atheoretically via country fixed effects that are not reported in ...
US Policy in the Bretton Woods Era - St. Louis Fed
... the United States typically had a surplus on current account. The problem was that the trade and current account surpluses were not large enough to finance net private investment abroad plus military, travel, and foreign aid spending abroad. To settle the balance, the United States either had to sel ...
... the United States typically had a surplus on current account. The problem was that the trade and current account surpluses were not large enough to finance net private investment abroad plus military, travel, and foreign aid spending abroad. To settle the balance, the United States either had to sel ...
The Rise and Decline of General Laws of Capitalism
... We should note at this point that we believe the term “capitalism” not to be a useful one ...
... We should note at this point that we believe the term “capitalism” not to be a useful one ...
Chapter 9.1: Why Does Development Vary Among Countries?
... 1. Traditional Society: has not started the process of development, high percentage of people in agriculture and large amount of wealth tied into nonproductive activities like military and religion 2. Preconditions for Takeoff: An elite group initiates innovative economic activities. Starts to inves ...
... 1. Traditional Society: has not started the process of development, high percentage of people in agriculture and large amount of wealth tied into nonproductive activities like military and religion 2. Preconditions for Takeoff: An elite group initiates innovative economic activities. Starts to inves ...
International factor movements
In international economics, international factor movements are movements of labor, capital, and other factors of production between countries. International factor movements occur in three ways: immigration/emigration, capital transfers through international borrowing and lending, and foreign direct investment. International factor movements also raise political and social issues not present in trade in goods and services. Nations frequently restrict immigration, capital flows, and foreign direct investment.