8 - of Planning Commission
... summit level1, was taken shortly after the collapse of Lehman Brothers transformed what, until then, had been viewed as a serious but limited problem affecting the housing loan market in the United States into a full-blown financial crisis. Both Prime Minister Brown of the United Kingdom and Preside ...
... summit level1, was taken shortly after the collapse of Lehman Brothers transformed what, until then, had been viewed as a serious but limited problem affecting the housing loan market in the United States into a full-blown financial crisis. Both Prime Minister Brown of the United Kingdom and Preside ...
Free Trade: What Are the Terms-of
... would be a somewhat novel tool for facilitating multilateral trade liberalization where negotiations have traditionally involved exchanges of market access. Thirdly, since, in theoretical work, transfers would tend to go from ...
... would be a somewhat novel tool for facilitating multilateral trade liberalization where negotiations have traditionally involved exchanges of market access. Thirdly, since, in theoretical work, transfers would tend to go from ...
- Brookings Institution
... of foreign threats and the perception of external risks by the elites relates essentially to economic vulnerabilities rather than to security concerns. This led to a perception— ...
... of foreign threats and the perception of external risks by the elites relates essentially to economic vulnerabilities rather than to security concerns. This led to a perception— ...
Trade Policy options for Nigeria: a GTAP simulation analysis by Ron
... This paper then uses the GTAP computer model to assess what the likely benefits from a full FTA between Nigeria and the EU are likely to be. The results suggest that there will be gains to Nigeria of some $856 million at 2015. These gains come about exclusively through its own reduction in import ta ...
... This paper then uses the GTAP computer model to assess what the likely benefits from a full FTA between Nigeria and the EU are likely to be. The results suggest that there will be gains to Nigeria of some $856 million at 2015. These gains come about exclusively through its own reduction in import ta ...
Migration and Growth in East and South-East Asia
... While migration would be unable to offset the economic impacts of the declining labour forces in the countries with shrinking populations, a more flexible migration policy, allowing migrants to respond to the major demographic changes occurring in Asia over the next 50 years, would be beneficial to ...
... While migration would be unable to offset the economic impacts of the declining labour forces in the countries with shrinking populations, a more flexible migration policy, allowing migrants to respond to the major demographic changes occurring in Asia over the next 50 years, would be beneficial to ...
Economic Growth and Spill-over Effects
... Second, the coefficient of Sd is not allowed to differ from the sample average for the G7 countries because their estimated coefficients were not significantly different from zero, as shown in the empirical section. Third, domestic stock of knowledge is normalised by population to obtain a logical c ...
... Second, the coefficient of Sd is not allowed to differ from the sample average for the G7 countries because their estimated coefficients were not significantly different from zero, as shown in the empirical section. Third, domestic stock of knowledge is normalised by population to obtain a logical c ...
The Worldwide Strike Wave and The Political Crisis of Global
... interests, and particularly finance capital, global governance organizations use the present crisis to call on states to enact as public policy austerity, budget-cutting for social services, just as in an earlier cycle they called on states to privatize, deregulate and liberalize. These policy requ ...
... interests, and particularly finance capital, global governance organizations use the present crisis to call on states to enact as public policy austerity, budget-cutting for social services, just as in an earlier cycle they called on states to privatize, deregulate and liberalize. These policy requ ...
Introduction
... • One must consider both the effects of tariffs on the final price of a good, and the effects of tariffs on the costs of inputs used in production. – The actual protection provided by a tariff will not equal the tariff rate if imported intermediate goods are used in the production of the protected g ...
... • One must consider both the effects of tariffs on the final price of a good, and the effects of tariffs on the costs of inputs used in production. – The actual protection provided by a tariff will not equal the tariff rate if imported intermediate goods are used in the production of the protected g ...
Chapter 7
... Local Content Requirement - Instead of placing a quota on the number of goods that can be imported, the government can require that a certain percentage of a good be made domestically. The restriction can be a percentage of the good itself, or a percentage of the value of the good. For example, a r ...
... Local Content Requirement - Instead of placing a quota on the number of goods that can be imported, the government can require that a certain percentage of a good be made domestically. The restriction can be a percentage of the good itself, or a percentage of the value of the good. For example, a r ...
Lecture
... Dutch disease Aid volatility Policy options in managing aid flows Preparing for scaling up aid ...
... Dutch disease Aid volatility Policy options in managing aid flows Preparing for scaling up aid ...
A turning point in global inequality … and beyond
... It should also be emphasized that the above results may vary depending on the type of data source. National account data are used here to calculate the mean income per capita in a country, while household surveys are used to estimate the relative incomes of the various deciles with respect to that m ...
... It should also be emphasized that the above results may vary depending on the type of data source. National account data are used here to calculate the mean income per capita in a country, while household surveys are used to estimate the relative incomes of the various deciles with respect to that m ...
Economic Liberalization and Development - The Case of Lifting Martial Law in Taiwan
... new political order in Taiwan in the immediate postwar period resembled in many ways a colonial one. An outside power, the KMT, established political control over the domestic politics of a subject people largely excluded from political representation." 3 "From June 1951 to June 1965, $1,465 million ...
... new political order in Taiwan in the immediate postwar period resembled in many ways a colonial one. An outside power, the KMT, established political control over the domestic politics of a subject people largely excluded from political representation." 3 "From June 1951 to June 1965, $1,465 million ...
Trade Liberalization: Cordell Hull and the Case for Optimism
... provide leadership in this area, America’s trade agenda will simply stall, the Doha Round will continue to languish, new free trade agreements will be in jeopardy, and other countries will move ahead with agreements that could be detrimental to U.S. interests. Furthermore, progress on trade liberal ...
... provide leadership in this area, America’s trade agenda will simply stall, the Doha Round will continue to languish, new free trade agreements will be in jeopardy, and other countries will move ahead with agreements that could be detrimental to U.S. interests. Furthermore, progress on trade liberal ...
this PDF file
... supportin agriculture, Vietnam should stabilize exchange rate by the development of domestic financial markets. However, the studies just analyze the impact and there are no specific measures aimed at improving the ability to export agricultural products deeply. 3. Exchange Rate in Vietnamese Econom ...
... supportin agriculture, Vietnam should stabilize exchange rate by the development of domestic financial markets. However, the studies just analyze the impact and there are no specific measures aimed at improving the ability to export agricultural products deeply. 3. Exchange Rate in Vietnamese Econom ...
NBER WORKING PAPER SERIES THE SEESAW PRINCIPLE IN INTERNATIONAL TAX Joel Slemrod
... More specifically, when total wealth is fixed, an extra dollar of capital exports reduces the domestic capital stock by one dollar, so that the opportunity cost of capital exports is simply the marginal product of capital. In this situation, the optimal capital export tax for a small open economy oc ...
... More specifically, when total wealth is fixed, an extra dollar of capital exports reduces the domestic capital stock by one dollar, so that the opportunity cost of capital exports is simply the marginal product of capital. In this situation, the optimal capital export tax for a small open economy oc ...
Untitled - United Nations Economic Commission for Africa
... developing countries would achieve rapid economic growth. Debt and macroeconomic crisis in the 1980’s for developing countries including a majority of African countries led to economic reforms that replaced inward-looking, import substituting strategies with outward-oriented trade liberalisation str ...
... developing countries would achieve rapid economic growth. Debt and macroeconomic crisis in the 1980’s for developing countries including a majority of African countries led to economic reforms that replaced inward-looking, import substituting strategies with outward-oriented trade liberalisation str ...
Long term socio-economic scenarios for Representative
... comprises five energy goods (electricity, coal, oil, gas and refined petroleum), which are aggregated in a single bundle that mainly substitutes for capital. MIRAGE-e assumes full employment of primary factors, whose growth rates are set exogenously, based on the macro projections on a yearly step, ...
... comprises five energy goods (electricity, coal, oil, gas and refined petroleum), which are aggregated in a single bundle that mainly substitutes for capital. MIRAGE-e assumes full employment of primary factors, whose growth rates are set exogenously, based on the macro projections on a yearly step, ...
PDF
... on oil discoveries in Uganda and their expected impact on government revenues. We analyze alternative spending policies of natural resource revenues using a calibrated dynamic, stochastic, general equilibrium model (DSGE). We use detailed publicly-available information on the upstream oil sector and ...
... on oil discoveries in Uganda and their expected impact on government revenues. We analyze alternative spending policies of natural resource revenues using a calibrated dynamic, stochastic, general equilibrium model (DSGE). We use detailed publicly-available information on the upstream oil sector and ...
Impact of Migration on Income Levels in Advanced Economies
... additional supply of workers. However, the employment rate could be lower in the short run if migrants are not able to integrate into the labor market at the same rate as natives or if migrants displace native workers. The latter effect depends on the strength of substitution and complementarity eff ...
... additional supply of workers. However, the employment rate could be lower in the short run if migrants are not able to integrate into the labor market at the same rate as natives or if migrants displace native workers. The latter effect depends on the strength of substitution and complementarity eff ...
Determinants of Software Piracy: Evidence from Far East Countries
... world is ten times that of newly emerging markets, but the total loss caused by software piracy in newly emerging markets is only twice as much as in developed countries. Certainly, the piracy issue in newly emerging markets will become a more serious problem in the future. In our research we collec ...
... world is ten times that of newly emerging markets, but the total loss caused by software piracy in newly emerging markets is only twice as much as in developed countries. Certainly, the piracy issue in newly emerging markets will become a more serious problem in the future. In our research we collec ...
A Unified Theory of the Evolution of International Income Levels
... theory of population growth, the quantity of children is treated as exogenous from the standpoint of the household. The reason we take this societal approach to population growth is twofold. First, there is no tested theory of population dynamics, and once modern economic growth begins, demographic ...
... theory of population growth, the quantity of children is treated as exogenous from the standpoint of the household. The reason we take this societal approach to population growth is twofold. First, there is no tested theory of population dynamics, and once modern economic growth begins, demographic ...
National Bank of Poland
... trade creation is not a welfare gain in itself, but rather a channel through which different types of microeconomic gains can materialize. Thus, the economic integration fosters lower prices and higher average productivity. To assess the quantitative relevance of these effects they calibrate a gener ...
... trade creation is not a welfare gain in itself, but rather a channel through which different types of microeconomic gains can materialize. Thus, the economic integration fosters lower prices and higher average productivity. To assess the quantitative relevance of these effects they calibrate a gener ...
Quality Choice: Effects of Trade, Transportation Cost, and Relative
... different unit values. Hummels and Skiba (2004) show that transportation costs are less than one-to-one proportional to the unit value of shipped goods and therefore lead to changes in relative demands because higher priced goods have lower ad valorem equivalent of transportation costs (the Alchian- ...
... different unit values. Hummels and Skiba (2004) show that transportation costs are less than one-to-one proportional to the unit value of shipped goods and therefore lead to changes in relative demands because higher priced goods have lower ad valorem equivalent of transportation costs (the Alchian- ...
Conflict, Postwar Rebuilding and the Economy: A Critical Review of
... rapidly become a major preoccupation of bilateral and multilateral development agencies. There is thus a clear gap between the theory and practice in this field. The present study represents an important piece of work as it offers for the first time a thorough and critical review of the economic lit ...
... rapidly become a major preoccupation of bilateral and multilateral development agencies. There is thus a clear gap between the theory and practice in this field. The present study represents an important piece of work as it offers for the first time a thorough and critical review of the economic lit ...
Current account
... – Personal assets that migrants take with them abroad – The transfer of real estate and other fixed assets, such as a military base or an embassy building ...
... – Personal assets that migrants take with them abroad – The transfer of real estate and other fixed assets, such as a military base or an embassy building ...
International factor movements
In international economics, international factor movements are movements of labor, capital, and other factors of production between countries. International factor movements occur in three ways: immigration/emigration, capital transfers through international borrowing and lending, and foreign direct investment. International factor movements also raise political and social issues not present in trade in goods and services. Nations frequently restrict immigration, capital flows, and foreign direct investment.