Statistical Theory of Biaxial Nematic and Cholesteric Phases
... order parameters must have the same values in all the ways they are computed; (c) for each configuration at one temperature the order parameters must be as close as possible to the mean value of the order parameters of the previous temperature [16]. 3. Model potentials Statistical theories of nemati ...
... order parameters must have the same values in all the ways they are computed; (c) for each configuration at one temperature the order parameters must be as close as possible to the mean value of the order parameters of the previous temperature [16]. 3. Model potentials Statistical theories of nemati ...
Stannides and Intermetallic Tin Compounds
... systems have already been published one hundred years ago [7]. Many crystallographic data and parts of the phase diagrams can be found in the Pearson [7] and Massalski [6] Handbooks. Similar to the alkali and alkaline earth metal based systems discussed above, also several Tx Sny structures have str ...
... systems have already been published one hundred years ago [7]. Many crystallographic data and parts of the phase diagrams can be found in the Pearson [7] and Massalski [6] Handbooks. Similar to the alkali and alkaline earth metal based systems discussed above, also several Tx Sny structures have str ...
CHM313 - National Open University of Nigeria
... interaction of the molecules with electromagnetic radiation is what is called spectroscopy. Spectroscopy is an analytical technique concerned with the measurement of the interaction (usually the absorption or the emission) of radiant energy with matter, with the instruments necessary to make such me ...
... interaction of the molecules with electromagnetic radiation is what is called spectroscopy. Spectroscopy is an analytical technique concerned with the measurement of the interaction (usually the absorption or the emission) of radiant energy with matter, with the instruments necessary to make such me ...
Formation and loss of hierarchical structure in two
... Astrophysical models of cloud formation also reflected this change by including turbulence compression as one of several mechanisms (see reviews in Elmegreen 1993a, 1996). Star formation theory changed as well, e.g., by considering not only the influence of converging turbulent flows on the gravitat ...
... Astrophysical models of cloud formation also reflected this change by including turbulence compression as one of several mechanisms (see reviews in Elmegreen 1993a, 1996). Star formation theory changed as well, e.g., by considering not only the influence of converging turbulent flows on the gravitat ...
PERFORMANCE ANALYSIS OF POINT SOURCE MODEL WITH
... electromagnetics problems and the fundamental idea of FDTD method, as well as the Yee discretization method of space grids. Since the original Yee grid is not convenient in practical implementation, an alternative integer-based scheme has been introduced to solve the issue. A unified materials prope ...
... electromagnetics problems and the fundamental idea of FDTD method, as well as the Yee discretization method of space grids. Since the original Yee grid is not convenient in practical implementation, an alternative integer-based scheme has been introduced to solve the issue. A unified materials prope ...
Lesson Summary
... can find a similar trend. It is the second vertical group in the periodic table and it contains only six elements. What do you notice about all of the elements in group 2A? They all have an outermost energy level electron configuration of . The whole number in front of the “s” tells you what period ...
... can find a similar trend. It is the second vertical group in the periodic table and it contains only six elements. What do you notice about all of the elements in group 2A? They all have an outermost energy level electron configuration of . The whole number in front of the “s” tells you what period ...
Computer Simulation of the Stockmayer Fluid
... Snapshots from single droplet simulations for µ2 = 5, 16 and 36 . . . . . . Snapshot from single droplet simulation with crystalline structure for µ2 = 3 The nematic order parameter vs. particle number for single cluster simulations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ...
... Snapshots from single droplet simulations for µ2 = 5, 16 and 36 . . . . . . Snapshot from single droplet simulation with crystalline structure for µ2 = 3 The nematic order parameter vs. particle number for single cluster simulations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ...
Electrical Effects and Devices/Dielectrics and Insulators
... It is to be emphasized that in Eq. (55.8), the quantities R and C are functions of temperature, frequency, and voltage. The equivalence between Eqs. (55.7) and (55.8) becomes more palpable if I l and I C are expressed as we²CoV and jwe¢CoV, respectively. Every loss mechanism will exhibit its own cha ...
... It is to be emphasized that in Eq. (55.8), the quantities R and C are functions of temperature, frequency, and voltage. The equivalence between Eqs. (55.7) and (55.8) becomes more palpable if I l and I C are expressed as we²CoV and jwe¢CoV, respectively. Every loss mechanism will exhibit its own cha ...
paper - General Atomics Fusion Group
... a result, the plasma facing components may be damaged [1, 2, 3]. To mitigate these problems it has been proposed that “killer pellets” be preemptively injected into the plasma to radiatively cool the plasma and give a controlled shutdown. In either case of disruption or pellet injection, the plasma ...
... a result, the plasma facing components may be damaged [1, 2, 3]. To mitigate these problems it has been proposed that “killer pellets” be preemptively injected into the plasma to radiatively cool the plasma and give a controlled shutdown. In either case of disruption or pellet injection, the plasma ...
Transition metal oxides ∓ Thermoelectric properties
... smart sensors, energy harvesting, and the new concept of thermopower wave sources [5–9]. Transition metal oxides (TMOs) are a vast but conventionally less widely studied family of TE materials, which include materials such as titanium, manganese, tungsten, zinc, copper, vanadium, cobalt, rhodium, an ...
... smart sensors, energy harvesting, and the new concept of thermopower wave sources [5–9]. Transition metal oxides (TMOs) are a vast but conventionally less widely studied family of TE materials, which include materials such as titanium, manganese, tungsten, zinc, copper, vanadium, cobalt, rhodium, an ...
Solutions / Answers
... Answer : Since net force on a current carrying loop in uniform magnetic field is zero, hence loop cannot translate hence (3) and (4) are wrong. From Fleming’s left hand rule we can see that magnetic field is perpendicular to the board and inwards and current in the loop is clockwise hence the magnet ...
... Answer : Since net force on a current carrying loop in uniform magnetic field is zero, hence loop cannot translate hence (3) and (4) are wrong. From Fleming’s left hand rule we can see that magnetic field is perpendicular to the board and inwards and current in the loop is clockwise hence the magnet ...
Condensed matter physics
Condensed matter physics is a branch of physics that deals with the physical properties of condensed phases of matter. Condensed matter physicists seek to understand the behavior of these phases by using physical laws. In particular, these include the laws of quantum mechanics, electromagnetism and statistical mechanics.The most familiar condensed phases are solids and liquids, while more exotic condensed phases include the superconducting phase exhibited by certain materials at low temperature, the ferromagnetic and antiferromagnetic phases of spins on atomic lattices, and the Bose–Einstein condensate found in cold atomic systems. The study of condensed matter physics involves measuring various material properties via experimental probes along with using techniques of theoretical physics to develop mathematical models that help in understanding physical behavior.The diversity of systems and phenomena available for study makes condensed matter physics the most active field of contemporary physics: one third of all American physicists identify themselves as condensed matter physicists, and the Division of Condensed Matter Physics is the largest division at the American Physical Society. The field overlaps with chemistry, materials science, and nanotechnology, and relates closely to atomic physics and biophysics. Theoretical condensed matter physics shares important concepts and techniques with theoretical particle and nuclear physics.A variety of topics in physics such as crystallography, metallurgy, elasticity, magnetism, etc., were treated as distinct areas, until the 1940s when they were grouped together as solid state physics. Around the 1960s, the study of physical properties of liquids was added to this list, forming the basis for the new, related specialty of condensed matter physics. According to physicist Phil Anderson, the term was coined by him and Volker Heine when they changed the name of their group at the Cavendish Laboratories, Cambridge from ""Solid state theory"" to ""Theory of Condensed Matter"" in 1967, as they felt it did not exclude their interests in the study of liquids, nuclear matter and so on. Although Anderson and Heine helped popularize the name ""condensed matter"", it had been present in Europe for some years, most prominently in the form of a journal published in English, French, and German by Springer-Verlag titled Physics of Condensed Matter, which was launched in 1963. The funding environment and Cold War politics of the 1960s and 1970s were also factors that lead some physicists to prefer the name ""condensed matter physics"", which emphasized the commonality of scientific problems encountered by physicists working on solids, liquids, plasmas, and other complex matter, over ""solid state physics"", which was often associated with the industrial applications of metals and semiconductors. The Bell Telephone Laboratories was one of the first institutes to conduct a research program in condensed matter physics.References to ""condensed"" state can be traced to earlier sources. For example, in the introduction to his 1947 ""Kinetic theory of liquids"" book, Yakov Frenkel proposed that ""The kinetic theory of liquids must accordingly be developed as a generalization and extension of the kinetic theory of solid bodies"". As a matter of fact, it would be more correct to unify them under the title of ""condensed bodies"".