Oxidative Phosphorylation
... • H+ transport results in an electrochemical gradient • Proton motive force: energy released by flow of H+ down its gradient is used for ATP synthesis • ATP synthase: H+ channel that couples energy from H+ flow with ATP synthesis ...
... • H+ transport results in an electrochemical gradient • Proton motive force: energy released by flow of H+ down its gradient is used for ATP synthesis • ATP synthase: H+ channel that couples energy from H+ flow with ATP synthesis ...
Enzymes I
... and heme). Organic cofactors can be either prosthetic groups, which are tightly bound to an enzyme, or coenzymes, which are released from the enzyme's active site during the reaction. Coenzymes include NADH, NADPH and adenosine triphosphate. These molecules transfer chemical groups between enzymes. ...
... and heme). Organic cofactors can be either prosthetic groups, which are tightly bound to an enzyme, or coenzymes, which are released from the enzyme's active site during the reaction. Coenzymes include NADH, NADPH and adenosine triphosphate. These molecules transfer chemical groups between enzymes. ...
SUPPORTING INFORMATION: Solvent
... tMg,Osul f and εCsCl is calculated according to Equation 5 from the Gi j estimates. These activity derivatives are shown in Figure 3. For MgSO4 it is apparent that the solution activity derivative decreases markedly as the screening parameter increases, i.e., as the anion-cation electrostatic intera ...
... tMg,Osul f and εCsCl is calculated according to Equation 5 from the Gi j estimates. These activity derivatives are shown in Figure 3. For MgSO4 it is apparent that the solution activity derivative decreases markedly as the screening parameter increases, i.e., as the anion-cation electrostatic intera ...
Carbon dioxide fixation.
... as well as serving as the starting material for fuel, fiber, animal feed, oil, and other compounds used by people. Collectively, the biochemical processes by which CO2 is assimilated into organic molecules are known as the photosynthetic dark reactions, not because they must occur in darkness but be ...
... as well as serving as the starting material for fuel, fiber, animal feed, oil, and other compounds used by people. Collectively, the biochemical processes by which CO2 is assimilated into organic molecules are known as the photosynthetic dark reactions, not because they must occur in darkness but be ...
phys Learning Objectives Chapter 5 [10-31
... injected automatically through the current electrode to maintain intracellular voltage at a steady zero level. Current electrode is connected to an oscilloscope that measures current flow. Selectively block one channel at a time – sodium blocked by tetrodotoxin applied to exterior of nerve fiber; p ...
... injected automatically through the current electrode to maintain intracellular voltage at a steady zero level. Current electrode is connected to an oscilloscope that measures current flow. Selectively block one channel at a time – sodium blocked by tetrodotoxin applied to exterior of nerve fiber; p ...
Bio3460-9 Photosynthesis
... 1) Increased water-use efficiency (ratio of carbon gain to water loss) - C4 plants have lower stomatal conductance - lower CO2 concentration in mesophyll cells - PEP carboxylase fixes CO2 efficiently and saves water 2) Increased nitrogen-use efficiency (ratio of carbon gain to leaf N) - C4 plants ha ...
... 1) Increased water-use efficiency (ratio of carbon gain to water loss) - C4 plants have lower stomatal conductance - lower CO2 concentration in mesophyll cells - PEP carboxylase fixes CO2 efficiently and saves water 2) Increased nitrogen-use efficiency (ratio of carbon gain to leaf N) - C4 plants ha ...
The Outer Membrane of Gram-negative Bacteria and - Beck-Shop
... efficient barrier against rapid penetration by these lipophilic antibiotics and chemotherapeutic agents. Bacteria with this barrier must develop methods to bring in nutrients from their surroundings, however. Apart from other systems which will be developed in Chapter 4, the outer membrane contains ...
... efficient barrier against rapid penetration by these lipophilic antibiotics and chemotherapeutic agents. Bacteria with this barrier must develop methods to bring in nutrients from their surroundings, however. Apart from other systems which will be developed in Chapter 4, the outer membrane contains ...
Unit 2 - CMS - Cerritos College
... D. Summary of Cohesion Theory As long as water molecules vacate the transpiration sites, replacement water is sucked up through the xylem from the roots in continuous water columns as a result of hydrogen bonding between water molecules. III. Stomatal Regulation A. Stoma and Guard Cells Anatomy Stom ...
... D. Summary of Cohesion Theory As long as water molecules vacate the transpiration sites, replacement water is sucked up through the xylem from the roots in continuous water columns as a result of hydrogen bonding between water molecules. III. Stomatal Regulation A. Stoma and Guard Cells Anatomy Stom ...
Lecture Power Point
... Glycogen is a polysaccharide of glucose (Glc) which functions as the primary short term energy storage in muscle cells (myofiber). Glycogen is found in the form of granules in the sarcoplasm, and plays an important role in the glucose cycle. ...
... Glycogen is a polysaccharide of glucose (Glc) which functions as the primary short term energy storage in muscle cells (myofiber). Glycogen is found in the form of granules in the sarcoplasm, and plays an important role in the glucose cycle. ...
Chapter 4 - Dr. Dorena Rode
... digestion and absorption into the body was successful such that simple sugars (like glucose) from carbohydrates, triglycerides from lipids, and amino acids from proteins are now present in your body cells. Here, the amino acids floating in the cytoplasm are used to make biological catalysts, or 55. ...
... digestion and absorption into the body was successful such that simple sugars (like glucose) from carbohydrates, triglycerides from lipids, and amino acids from proteins are now present in your body cells. Here, the amino acids floating in the cytoplasm are used to make biological catalysts, or 55. ...
B. True or False/Edit
... In the last chapter we learned about the amino acid composition and the structure of proteins. We also studied the process by which proteins are synthesized from information coded in the genes of the chromosomes. Perhaps the most important group of body proteins is that of enzymes — the subject of t ...
... In the last chapter we learned about the amino acid composition and the structure of proteins. We also studied the process by which proteins are synthesized from information coded in the genes of the chromosomes. Perhaps the most important group of body proteins is that of enzymes — the subject of t ...
Document
... • thus preventing the increase in intracellular free calcium that occurs when oxytocin binds to its receptor • These drugs also inhibit oxytocin-induced production of prostaglandin F2alpha, but not prostaglandin E2 • atosiban should be more effective at later gestational ages since oxytocin receptor ...
... • thus preventing the increase in intracellular free calcium that occurs when oxytocin binds to its receptor • These drugs also inhibit oxytocin-induced production of prostaglandin F2alpha, but not prostaglandin E2 • atosiban should be more effective at later gestational ages since oxytocin receptor ...
Molecular Madness
... C O • Lactic acid builds up too fast and changes H OHthe pH of muscle cells C CH3 • Change in pH slows performance and ...
... C O • Lactic acid builds up too fast and changes H OHthe pH of muscle cells C CH3 • Change in pH slows performance and ...
CELLULAR RESPIRTION Powerpoint
... these electrons are carried to the electron transport chain in the form of NADH to make most of the ATP 6. Know that the entire process converts 1 molecule of glucose to 36 molecules of ATP mainly through the enzyme ATP synthase. 7. Know that oxygen is needed to accept the electrons after they have ...
... these electrons are carried to the electron transport chain in the form of NADH to make most of the ATP 6. Know that the entire process converts 1 molecule of glucose to 36 molecules of ATP mainly through the enzyme ATP synthase. 7. Know that oxygen is needed to accept the electrons after they have ...
Ch. 8 Review Sheet
... 25. In what cell structures do these reactions occur? A. I occurs in the stroma, II occurs in the cytoplasm B. I occurs in the cytoplasm, II occurs in the thylakoids C. I occurs in the thylakoids, II occurs in the stroma D. I occurs in the cytoplasm, II occurs in the stroma E. both occur in the cyto ...
... 25. In what cell structures do these reactions occur? A. I occurs in the stroma, II occurs in the cytoplasm B. I occurs in the cytoplasm, II occurs in the thylakoids C. I occurs in the thylakoids, II occurs in the stroma D. I occurs in the cytoplasm, II occurs in the stroma E. both occur in the cyto ...
Pg. ___ 4/28 Daily Catalyst
... B) They produce PGA, which is converted to glucose by carbon fixation in the light-independent reactions ...
... B) They produce PGA, which is converted to glucose by carbon fixation in the light-independent reactions ...
Mechanism of action
... hydroxide [Mg(OH)2]. They potentially permit an elevation in PH above neutrality. 3- Miscellaneous antacids: ex.: Sodium carboxymethyle cellulose. *Advantages as general: The non-systemic antacids are used either alone or in combination with each other. They neutralize gastric, but not tend to cause ...
... hydroxide [Mg(OH)2]. They potentially permit an elevation in PH above neutrality. 3- Miscellaneous antacids: ex.: Sodium carboxymethyle cellulose. *Advantages as general: The non-systemic antacids are used either alone or in combination with each other. They neutralize gastric, but not tend to cause ...
C) the gain of electrons.
... A child is brought to the hospital with a fever of 107°F. Doctors immediately order an ice bath to lower the child's temperature. Which of the following statements offers the most logical explanation for this action? A)Elevated body temperature will increase reaction rates in the child's cells and ...
... A child is brought to the hospital with a fever of 107°F. Doctors immediately order an ice bath to lower the child's temperature. Which of the following statements offers the most logical explanation for this action? A)Elevated body temperature will increase reaction rates in the child's cells and ...
Specific plasma membrane aquaporins of the PIP1 subfamily
... N-terminal region of PIP1s and in the C-terminal region of PIP2s respectively have been used in several studies to discriminate between proteins of these two groups. However, due to high sequence similarities, such antibodies recognize several isoforms within a group. In PIPs, the extracellular loop ...
... N-terminal region of PIP1s and in the C-terminal region of PIP2s respectively have been used in several studies to discriminate between proteins of these two groups. However, due to high sequence similarities, such antibodies recognize several isoforms within a group. In PIPs, the extracellular loop ...
Answers to Mastering Concepts Questions
... Plants can release more O2 in photosynthesis than they consume in respiration because they do not respire all of the glucose they produce. For example, plants may store glucose as starch or cellulose. ...
... Plants can release more O2 in photosynthesis than they consume in respiration because they do not respire all of the glucose they produce. For example, plants may store glucose as starch or cellulose. ...
E4 ION DIFFUSION
... There will be a net separation of charge, establishing an electric field and corresponding potential differences. This field influences the transfer of ions in important and subtle ways. In life, most electro-diffusive phenomena involve many different ion species and are, as a consequence, very comp ...
... There will be a net separation of charge, establishing an electric field and corresponding potential differences. This field influences the transfer of ions in important and subtle ways. In life, most electro-diffusive phenomena involve many different ion species and are, as a consequence, very comp ...
Cellular respiration - Jocha
... Last H acceptor is converted to lactic acid In bacteria, lactic acid eventually interfere with metabolic processes and the bacteria die Used in dairy products (yogurt, cheese, etc) In humans: occurs in… red blood cells (that lack mitochondria) muscle cells: in long periods of exercise fo ...
... Last H acceptor is converted to lactic acid In bacteria, lactic acid eventually interfere with metabolic processes and the bacteria die Used in dairy products (yogurt, cheese, etc) In humans: occurs in… red blood cells (that lack mitochondria) muscle cells: in long periods of exercise fo ...
Magnesium in biology
Magnesium is an essential element in biological systems. Magnesium occurs typically as the Mg2+ ion. It is an essential mineral nutrient (i.e., element) for life and is present in every cell type in every organism. For example, ATP (adenosine triphosphate), the main source of energy in cells, must be bound to a magnesium ion in order to be biologically active. What is called ATP is often actually Mg-ATP. As such, magnesium plays a role in the stability of all polyphosphate compounds in the cells, including those associated with the synthesis of DNA and RNA.Over 300 enzymes require the presence of magnesium ions for their catalytic action, including all enzymes utilizing or synthesizing ATP, or those that use other nucleotides to synthesize DNA and RNA.In plants, magnesium is necessary for synthesis of chlorophyll and photosynthesis.