MIT News Story
... second photon even more. The delay induced by a single pass through the atoms would be imperceptible, but the mirror-lined cavity, Vuletic explains, “allows us to pass the photon many, many times through the atoms. In our case, it’s like passing the photon 40,000 times through the atoms.” When it em ...
... second photon even more. The delay induced by a single pass through the atoms would be imperceptible, but the mirror-lined cavity, Vuletic explains, “allows us to pass the photon many, many times through the atoms. In our case, it’s like passing the photon 40,000 times through the atoms.” When it em ...
Semiconductor Lasers
... GaAs and the air a mirror is not necessary, light will be reflected. Photons emitted into a mode of the waveguide will travel along the waveguide and be reflected several times from each end face before they are emitted. As a light wave passes through the cavity, it is amplified by stimulated emissi ...
... GaAs and the air a mirror is not necessary, light will be reflected. Photons emitted into a mode of the waveguide will travel along the waveguide and be reflected several times from each end face before they are emitted. As a light wave passes through the cavity, it is amplified by stimulated emissi ...
Lecture 1: Wave Particle Duality of Light
... Yes, one photon should not produce much energy so answer should be a very small number. The Photoelectric Effect ...
... Yes, one photon should not produce much energy so answer should be a very small number. The Photoelectric Effect ...
Quantum Physics
... Example 2: The threshold wavelength of light for a given surface is 600 nm. What is the kinetic energy of emitted electrons if light of wavelength 450 nm shines on the metal? ...
... Example 2: The threshold wavelength of light for a given surface is 600 nm. What is the kinetic energy of emitted electrons if light of wavelength 450 nm shines on the metal? ...
Document
... More examples of modeling atomic dimensions… 1) Electronic density vs. nuclear density (g/ m3) ...
... More examples of modeling atomic dimensions… 1) Electronic density vs. nuclear density (g/ m3) ...
Chapter 3
... Assuming the E-field information propagates at speed c. Gauss’s law suggests that the field lines are curved when the charge is accelerated. The transverse component of the electric field will propagate outward. A non-uniformly moving charge produces electromagnetic waves. ...
... Assuming the E-field information propagates at speed c. Gauss’s law suggests that the field lines are curved when the charge is accelerated. The transverse component of the electric field will propagate outward. A non-uniformly moving charge produces electromagnetic waves. ...
Exam 4-2005 - asg.sc.edu
... allowed any form of communication with other persons or information systems in any form. You are allowed ONLY a calculator with one memory location and two pencils. You may not have any paper even blank or notes or information in any encoded form in your presence. SI units are assumed unless otherwi ...
... allowed any form of communication with other persons or information systems in any form. You are allowed ONLY a calculator with one memory location and two pencils. You may not have any paper even blank or notes or information in any encoded form in your presence. SI units are assumed unless otherwi ...
Chapter 3
... Assuming the E-field information propagates at speed c. Gauss’s law suggests that the field lines are curved when the charge is accelerated. The transverse component of the electric field will propagate outward. A non-uniformly moving charge produces electromagnetic waves. ...
... Assuming the E-field information propagates at speed c. Gauss’s law suggests that the field lines are curved when the charge is accelerated. The transverse component of the electric field will propagate outward. A non-uniformly moving charge produces electromagnetic waves. ...
Perspectives of QM
... by materials could not be explained. The atomic and subatomic particles did not behave as expected in existing models of classical theories. Thus emerged a new mathematical model called Quantum Mechanics. It would be paramount to understand that this is merely a description of the natural phenomena. ...
... by materials could not be explained. The atomic and subatomic particles did not behave as expected in existing models of classical theories. Thus emerged a new mathematical model called Quantum Mechanics. It would be paramount to understand that this is merely a description of the natural phenomena. ...
High Energy Astrophysics
... If F ~ 10 J m-2 s-1 Hz - typical X-ray source value d = 10 kpc and B = 108 Tesla (the field for a neutron star) This gives a maximum for R of ~1 km for SSA of X-rays to occur (ie for a to be observable in the ...
... If F ~ 10 J m-2 s-1 Hz - typical X-ray source value d = 10 kpc and B = 108 Tesla (the field for a neutron star) This gives a maximum for R of ~1 km for SSA of X-rays to occur (ie for a to be observable in the ...
9.4.2 Photoelectric Effect
... Black body: an object that can absorb and/or emit energy perfectly, e.g. tungsten o When a black body is heated in a vacuum, it starts emitting radiation perfectly o Emits all types of radiation (light, IR, UV, etc.) Intensity of this radiation varies with the wavelength, can be plotted o For a give ...
... Black body: an object that can absorb and/or emit energy perfectly, e.g. tungsten o When a black body is heated in a vacuum, it starts emitting radiation perfectly o Emits all types of radiation (light, IR, UV, etc.) Intensity of this radiation varies with the wavelength, can be plotted o For a give ...
Chapter 38
... alpha particle comes in "head-on" to a particular lead nucleus and stops 6.50×10−14 m away from the center of the nucleus. (This point is well outside the nucleus). Assume that the lead nucleus, which has 82 protons, remains at rest. The mass of the alpha particle is ...
... alpha particle comes in "head-on" to a particular lead nucleus and stops 6.50×10−14 m away from the center of the nucleus. (This point is well outside the nucleus). Assume that the lead nucleus, which has 82 protons, remains at rest. The mass of the alpha particle is ...
Document
... • An individual photon arriving at a surface is absorbed by a single electron. • The electron can escape from the surface only if the energy it acquires is greater than the work function ϕ. © 2016 Pearson Education Inc. ...
... • An individual photon arriving at a surface is absorbed by a single electron. • The electron can escape from the surface only if the energy it acquires is greater than the work function ϕ. © 2016 Pearson Education Inc. ...
ppt
... momentum p = mv. If the electron and proton have the same momentum, they cannot have the same speed because of the difference in their masses. For the same reason, remembering that KE = p2/2m, they cannot have the same kinetic energy. Because the kinetic energy is the only type of energy an isolated ...
... momentum p = mv. If the electron and proton have the same momentum, they cannot have the same speed because of the difference in their masses. For the same reason, remembering that KE = p2/2m, they cannot have the same kinetic energy. Because the kinetic energy is the only type of energy an isolated ...
Light and the electron
... nature of light didn’t explain many important aspects – Why heated objects emit only certain frequencies of light at given temp.? ► Quantum concept – heated objects emitting different frequencies of light. Energy emitted corresponds to certain Ʋ & λ ► Quantum- minimum amount of energy that can be ga ...
... nature of light didn’t explain many important aspects – Why heated objects emit only certain frequencies of light at given temp.? ► Quantum concept – heated objects emitting different frequencies of light. Energy emitted corresponds to certain Ʋ & λ ► Quantum- minimum amount of energy that can be ga ...
Prezentacja programu PowerPoint
... • The pattern of individually exposed grains progresses from (a) 28 photons to (b) 1000 photons to (c) 10,000 photons. • As more photons hit the screen, a pattern of interference fringes appears. ...
... • The pattern of individually exposed grains progresses from (a) 28 photons to (b) 1000 photons to (c) 10,000 photons. • As more photons hit the screen, a pattern of interference fringes appears. ...
Click here to get the file
... What does a light wave look like? To answer this, must first know how light is produced. • Start with an electron has an electric field (example is static cling; or battery) ...
... What does a light wave look like? To answer this, must first know how light is produced. • Start with an electron has an electric field (example is static cling; or battery) ...
Problem set 4
... 1. Suppose a source (possibly in a microwave oven) radiates electromagnetic waves at a power of 900 Watts in a collimated beam in the x̂ direction. What is the force on the source? h2i 2. How many photons from a 100 MHz beam of FM radio waves must an electron absorb before it has gained an energy of ...
... 1. Suppose a source (possibly in a microwave oven) radiates electromagnetic waves at a power of 900 Watts in a collimated beam in the x̂ direction. What is the force on the source? h2i 2. How many photons from a 100 MHz beam of FM radio waves must an electron absorb before it has gained an energy of ...
Need for Development of Quantum Mechanics
... Classical physics failed to explain this, Lenard won the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1905. ...
... Classical physics failed to explain this, Lenard won the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1905. ...
Quantum Theory
... when interacting with matter Even though it isn’t quite right to do so, you can think of light as a __________________ that travels as a wave A _________ is a massless bundle of light E photon=hv Some metals hold electrons more tightly than others and require ____________________ to move electrons ...
... when interacting with matter Even though it isn’t quite right to do so, you can think of light as a __________________ that travels as a wave A _________ is a massless bundle of light E photon=hv Some metals hold electrons more tightly than others and require ____________________ to move electrons ...
4-vectors, especially energy / momentum
... aside: the positron, = anti-electron, was predicted by Dirac, from his relativistic quantum theory in 1928. Originally many thought it was a defect of the theory, then it was experimentally found in 1932 by Carl Anderson. The origin of the asymmetry between matter and antimatter in the universe is a ...
... aside: the positron, = anti-electron, was predicted by Dirac, from his relativistic quantum theory in 1928. Originally many thought it was a defect of the theory, then it was experimentally found in 1932 by Carl Anderson. The origin of the asymmetry between matter and antimatter in the universe is a ...
The polarization of light - along with refraction, diffraction and
... that light behaves like a wave. The wave model of polarization has allowed us to develop and produce such applications as polarized sunglasses, flat screen TV`s and 3-D movies. This session assumes that you are already familiar with polarization and polarizing filters. It also assumes that you are f ...
... that light behaves like a wave. The wave model of polarization has allowed us to develop and produce such applications as polarized sunglasses, flat screen TV`s and 3-D movies. This session assumes that you are already familiar with polarization and polarizing filters. It also assumes that you are f ...
Swimming in a sea of light: the adventure of photon hydrodynamics
... Photon-photon collisions resonant on biexciton intermediate state In nonlinear optical terms: resonant two-photon absorption ...
... Photon-photon collisions resonant on biexciton intermediate state In nonlinear optical terms: resonant two-photon absorption ...
Physics 121 Hour Exam #5 Solution This exam consists of a five
... some speed v. Now consider the rest frame of this particle, which is moving at speed v relative to the Home Frame. The particle has zero momentum in this frame. Therefore, by conservation of momentum, the photon must have had zero momentum before the decay as observed in this frame. But this is impo ...
... some speed v. Now consider the rest frame of this particle, which is moving at speed v relative to the Home Frame. The particle has zero momentum in this frame. Therefore, by conservation of momentum, the photon must have had zero momentum before the decay as observed in this frame. But this is impo ...
If light is a wave…
... photons, which are massless particles each traveling in a wave-like pattern and moving at the speed of light. Each photon contains a certain amount (or bundle) of energy, and all electromagnetic radiation consists of these photons. The only difference between the various types of electromagnetic rad ...
... photons, which are massless particles each traveling in a wave-like pattern and moving at the speed of light. Each photon contains a certain amount (or bundle) of energy, and all electromagnetic radiation consists of these photons. The only difference between the various types of electromagnetic rad ...
Photon
A photon is an elementary particle, the quantum of light and all other forms of electromagnetic radiation. It is the force carrier for the electromagnetic force, even when static via virtual photons. The effects of this force are easily observable at the microscopic and at the macroscopic level, because the photon has zero rest mass; this allows long distance interactions. Like all elementary particles, photons are currently best explained by quantum mechanics and exhibit wave–particle duality, exhibiting properties of waves and of particles. For example, a single photon may be refracted by a lens or exhibit wave interference with itself, but also act as a particle giving a definite result when its position is measured. Waves and quanta, being two observable aspects of a single phenomenon cannot have their true nature described in terms of any mechanical model. A representation of this dual property of light, which assumes certain points on the wave front to be the seat of the energy is also impossible. Thus, the quanta in a light wave cannot be spatially localized. Some defined physical parameters of a photon are listed. The modern photon concept was developed gradually by Albert Einstein in the first years of the 20th century to explain experimental observations that did not fit the classical wave model of light. In particular, the photon model accounted for the frequency dependence of light's energy, and explained the ability of matter and radiation to be in thermal equilibrium. It also accounted for anomalous observations, including the properties of black-body radiation, that other physicists, most notably Max Planck, had sought to explain using semiclassical models, in which light is still described by Maxwell's equations, but the material objects that emit and absorb light do so in amounts of energy that are quantized (i.e., they change energy only by certain particular discrete amounts and cannot change energy in any arbitrary way). Although these semiclassical models contributed to the development of quantum mechanics, many further experiments starting with Compton scattering of single photons by electrons, first observed in 1923, validated Einstein's hypothesis that light itself is quantized. In 1926 the optical physicist Frithiof Wolfers and the chemist Gilbert N. Lewis coined the name photon for these particles, and after 1927, when Arthur H. Compton won the Nobel Prize for his scattering studies, most scientists accepted the validity that quanta of light have an independent existence, and the term photon for light quanta was accepted.In the Standard Model of particle physics, photons and other elementary particles are described as a necessary consequence of physical laws having a certain symmetry at every point in spacetime. The intrinsic properties of particles, such as charge, mass and spin, are determined by the properties of this gauge symmetry.The photon concept has led to momentous advances in experimental and theoretical physics, such as lasers, Bose–Einstein condensation, quantum field theory, and the probabilistic interpretation of quantum mechanics. It has been applied to photochemistry, high-resolution microscopy, and measurements of molecular distances. Recently, photons have been studied as elements of quantum computers and for applications in optical imaging and optical communication such as quantum cryptography.