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PPT
PPT

... sender that pkt received OK – Negative acknowledgements (NAKs): receiver explicitly tells sender that pkt had errors – Sender retransmits pkt on receipt of NAK ...
PowerPoint - DePaul University
PowerPoint - DePaul University

... Failure at one layer isn't detrimental to the system ...
Routing and Forwarding
Routing and Forwarding

... Link State Routing Algorithm Each node announces about its neighbours and the link costs to them to all the nodes in the network in LSP (link state packets) Reliable flooding: make sure that a copy of LSP sent by a node reached every other node in the network Once a node obtains network-wide knowled ...
Module 4 – Switching Concepts
Module 4 – Switching Concepts

... method allows only one station to transmit at a time. Multimedia applications with higher bandwidth demand such as video and the Internet, coupled with the broadcast nature of Ethernet, can create network congestion. Normal latency as the frames travel across the layers Extending the distances and i ...
ruggedcom rx1500/1501
ruggedcom rx1500/1501

... of heavy network traffic due to the internal queues that buffer frames and then transmit on a first come first serve basis. ROX II supports ‘Class of Service’ that allows time critical traffic to jump ahead to the front of the queue thus minimizing latency and reducing jitter to allow such demanding ...
PowerPoint プレゼンテーション
PowerPoint プレゼンテーション

... • The Internet Protocol version 6 (IPv6) – Next-generation Internet Protocol as specified by IETF – IPv6 offers expanded IP addresses to support the proliferation of Internet devices – Global Internet expansion, seamless mobility support, enhanced security and support for emerging advanced Web based ...
Fitz and Dennis TB ch08 File
Fitz and Dennis TB ch08 File

... b. routers only process messages that are specifically addressed to it c. routers operate at the network layer d. routers perform more processing on each message than switch e. routers can choose the “best” route between networks for forwarding a packet Answer:A Difficulty: Difficult Reference: p. 2 ...
3rd Edition, Chapter 5
3rd Edition, Chapter 5

...  broadcast (shared wire or medium)  Multiple senders and multiple receivers  E.g., traditional Ethernet, 802.11 wireless LAN   need Multiple Access protocol (MAC) ...
Implementing L2 at the Data Center Access Layer
Implementing L2 at the Data Center Access Layer

... This implementation guide explains how to implement a 2-tier LAN design in a single data center using the Juniper Networks® EX4200 Ethernet Switch with Virtual Chassis technology at the access tier, and interconnecting the access tier to the data center core network built on Juniper Networks MX Seri ...
Link Layer
Link Layer

...  If you use these slides (e.g., in a class) in substantially unaltered form, that you mention their source (after all, we’d like people to use our book!)  If you post any slides in substantially unaltered form on a www site, that you note that they are adapted from (or perhaps identical to) our sl ...
AG31238244
AG31238244

... However, closely located nodes are very likely to face co-channel interference during simultaneous transmission. The number of collisions and packet drops increases and hence the network performance degrades. A directional antenna scheme may provide fewer links in a network. Fewer links may seem to ...
Intrusion Detection Techniques for Mobile Wireless
Intrusion Detection Techniques for Mobile Wireless

... vironment. Compared with wired networks where traffic monitoring is usually done at switches, routers and gateways, the mobile ad-hoc environment does not have such traffic concentration points where the IDS can collect audit data for the entire network. Therefore, at any one time, the only availabl ...
10201036, 09310009 & 09310030
10201036, 09310009 & 09310030

... Interconnection (OSI). Routing loops and selecting preferred routes are done by them. Certain parameters might be encountered by Lot of routing protocols during the communication process such as delay, jitter, throughput, latency and network load in WMNs. Researchers are still working on this specif ...
Scap: Stream-Oriented Network Traffic Capture and
Scap: Stream-Oriented Network Traffic Capture and

... meaningful decisions, these monitoring applications usually analyze network traffic at the transport layer and above. For instance, NIDSs reconstruct the transport-layer data streams to detect attack vectors spanning multiple packets, and perform traffic normalization to avoid evasion attacks [14, 1 ...
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... company (Kazaa BV) – Single network called FastTrack used by other clients as well – Eventually the protocol changed so other clients could no longer talk to it ...
CORAL: A Multi-Core Lock-Free Rate Limiting Framework
CORAL: A Multi-Core Lock-Free Rate Limiting Framework

... In [6, 7], generic token bucket management methods for QoS requirements are introduced. The tokens normally represent a single packet or a unit of predetermined bytes, and are added into a bucket at a fixed rate. The bucket is checked to see whether it contains sufficient tokens when a packet arrive ...
Link-State Routing Protocols - Home
Link-State Routing Protocols - Home

... that need them. • For example, when there is a change in the topology, only those routers in the affected area receive the LSP and run the SPF algorithm. • This can help isolate an unstable link to a specific area in the routing domain. ...
Vertical handover criteria and algorithm in IEEE 802.11 and 802.16
Vertical handover criteria and algorithm in IEEE 802.11 and 802.16

... The channel occupancy is then handed from both MAC layers to the mobility management process, which obtains in this way a first common parameter to compare the performance of the two different technologies. B. Measurement of downlink SINR SINR is measured on Beacon messages for the WiFi interface (t ...
Buffer Allocation in Wireless Multimedia Networks Using
Buffer Allocation in Wireless Multimedia Networks Using

... 2.2. Buffer allocation The proposed fuzzy based buffer allocation is shown in figure 1 which is located at the base station, which comprises of buffer allocator, application database and fuzzy allocation scheme. The functions of each block is given below. • Buffer Allocator: it receives application ...
Transitioning to IPv6
Transitioning to IPv6

... DHCPv6 and DNS > Supports stateful configuration with DHCPv6 > Node has option to solicit an address via DHCP server when a router is not found > DHCPv6 is similar to DHCPv4 > DHCPv6 uses multicast for messaging > New record type to accommodate IPv6 addressing in DNS ...
Chapter8 (Internet Protocol)
Chapter8 (Internet Protocol)

... list up to 9 router IP addresses since the max. size of the header is 60 bytes (Base header : 20 bytes) pointer field ...
PPT
PPT

... UDP: User Datagram Protocol [RFC 768]  “no frills,” “bare bones” ...
Tatiana K. Madsen Hans Peter Schwefel
Tatiana K. Madsen Hans Peter Schwefel

... by Tatiana Madsen & Hans Peter Schwefel ...
PPT
PPT

... UDP: User Datagram Protocol [RFC 768]  “no frills,” “bare bones” ...
IPv4 Addressing - User Web Areas at the University of York
IPv4 Addressing - User Web Areas at the University of York

... share a class A or B address. (You could split class C addresses as well, but that’s not as useful.) Secondly: supernetting, which is in some senses the opposite: supernetting allows several consecutive class C networks to be joined together to make a larger network space. For example, anyone who wa ...
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Deep packet inspection

Deep Packet Inspection (DPI, also called complete packet inspection and Information eXtraction or IX) is a form of computer network packet filtering that examines the data part (and possibly also the header) of a packet as it passes an inspection point, searching for protocol non-compliance, viruses, spam, intrusions, or defined criteria to decide whether the packet may pass or if it needs to be routed to a different destination, or, for the purpose of collecting statistical information. There are multiple headers for IP packets; network equipment only needs to use the first of these (the IP header) for normal operation, but use of the second header (TCP, UDP etc.) is normally considered to be shallow packet inspection (usually called Stateful Packet Inspection) despite this definition.There are multiple ways to acquire packets for deep packet inspection. Using port mirroring (sometimes called Span Port) is a very common way, as well as an optical splitter.Deep Packet Inspection (and filtering) enables advanced network management, user service, and security functions as well as internet data mining, eavesdropping, and internet censorship. Although DPI technology has been used for Internet management for many years, some advocates of net neutrality fear that the technology may be used anticompetitively or to reduce the openness of the Internet.DPI is used in a wide range of applications, at the so-called ""enterprise"" level (corporations and larger institutions), in telecommunications service providers, and in governments.
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