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How Networks Send Data
How Networks Send Data

... one another and to exchange information with as little error as possible. Different networks have differing formats for the packets and allow different-sized packets. The packet-size limits determine how many packets the network operating system can create from one large piece of data. Example: Pack ...
Local Area Networks: Internetworking
Local Area Networks: Internetworking

... Circuit-switched: dedicated, physical circuit; all traffic follows this path; charged for duration of circuit. Packet-switched: not a dedicated, physical circuit; path may be shared by other users; data sent as packets; packets may follow different paths. 2. What are the main differences between con ...
TCP/IP protokolu kopa
TCP/IP protokolu kopa

... The Internet Architecture Board (IAB) is the technical advisory group of ISOC, and responsible for setting standards, publishing RFCs and overseeing the Internet Standards process. RFCs. A document written by anyone, a standard suggestion, read and tested by the ISOC. Each RFC is assigned a number. ...
Firewall
Firewall

... If it's destined for this box, the packet passes downwards to the INPUT chain. If it passes this, any processes waiting for that packet will receive it Otherwise, if the kernel does not have forwarding enabled, or it doesn't know how to forward the packet, the packet is dropped. If forwarding is ena ...
06/07 Semester B - City University of Hong Kong
06/07 Semester B - City University of Hong Kong

... (a) Given that n = (N/2)1/2 and that the number of links between stages is equal to the number of the incoming trunks, design a three-stage network for connecting 120 incoming trunks to 120 outgoing trunks. If there are more than one solution, determine which one is better. Draw the end result. [7 m ...
The BT Cardway Service
The BT Cardway Service

... Each SIN is the copyright of British Telecommunications plc. Reproduction of the SIN is permitted only in its entirety, to disseminate information on the BT Network within your organisation. You must not edit or amend any SIN or reproduce extracts. You must not remove BT trade marks, notices, headin ...
Assignment 3 - Network Components
Assignment 3 - Network Components

... to other users within the network and also can serve as the point of interconnection between the WLAN and a fixed wire network. Each access point can serve multiple users within a defined network area; as people move beyond the range of one access point, they are automatically handed over to the nex ...
Document
Document

... – cell breathing occurs : » size of a cell varies depending on the traffic load » when load is low, good quality achieved over long distance » when load is high, interference is higher and users need to be closer to the base station to get the same quality ...
How to Communicate via Internet?
How to Communicate via Internet?

... • Using the Web, you have access to millions of pages of information. Web "surfing" is done with a Web browser, the most popular of which are Firefox, Google Chrome and Microsoft Internet Explorer. • A browser is an application program that provides a way to look at and interact with all the informa ...
Slides - TERENA Networking Conference 2005
Slides - TERENA Networking Conference 2005

... Trace anonymization(3) There are two well known methods for prefix preserving anonymization: 1) TCPdpriv is almost a standard which every new proposal is measured against. It is prefix preserving but there is a major problem: The pseudonym IP# depends on the order of original IP#s. Therefore the sa ...
Computer Networks (COMP2322) Assignment Four (95 marks in
Computer Networks (COMP2322) Assignment Four (95 marks in

... 5. [15 marks] (HTTP and TCP) Consider the following HTTP session and we ignore the connection termination phase. TS is the time that the server spends on setting up the connection and sending the requested document to the client. The requested document consists of only 1 segment. TC is the time that ...
Performance of companies in the telecommunications sector, Slovenia
Performance of companies in the telecommunications sector, Slovenia

... unlimited access users pay a monthly subscription, depending on the nominal speed of transmitted data in a single package. Dial-up (narrowband) user is an active user who has used in the last 90 days at least once the dial-up (narrowband) service to access the Internet. Mobile network user is every ...
Towards Wireless Overlay Network Architectures
Towards Wireless Overlay Network Architectures

... Services-Enabled Network • New things you can do inside the network • Connecting end-points to “services” with processing embedded in the network fabric • “Agents” not protocols, executing inside the network • Location-aware, data format aware • Controlled violation of layering • Distributed archite ...
Pass4sure ct0
Pass4sure ct0

... Which of the following would be the MOST cost-effective means for a technician to provide good quality voice on the same data network? A. Ensure that all traffic flows through shared hubs. B. Install an 802.3af compatible ethernet switch. C. Create an overlay network for voice traffic only. D. Creat ...
ch08 - Columbus State University
ch08 - Columbus State University

... distinguish legitimate human requests  good general system security practices  use mirrored and replicated servers when high-performance and reliability required ...
Type of Networks (Continued)
Type of Networks (Continued)

... − provides a carrier sense signal which indicates if there is a transmission in progress − data sent by one station can be received by all stations in its area of coverage − communication may suffer from the "hidden terminal problem“:  walls or other structures obstruct the RF signals  station C r ...
Typical Flow-based Measurement
Typical Flow-based Measurement

... Network Security Attacks ...
PPT slides
PPT slides

... • Traditional networks route packets looking only at destination – Also, maybe source fields (e.g. multicast) ...
Abstract - Chennaisunday.com
Abstract - Chennaisunday.com

... IDAGs. We developed polynomial-time algorithms to construct nodeindependent and link-independent DAGs using all possible edges in the network. The IDAGs approach was evaluated on four real-life network topologies and compared to ITrees and multiple pairs of colored (independent) trees approaches to ...
SNMPv3 Fundamentals
SNMPv3 Fundamentals

... The course details how an SNMP Management Information Base (MIB), which stores network information, is organized and also how the protocol works to collect and store network information. The RMON standard uses SNMP with its own MIB format to collect statistics about a network. The detailed descripti ...
lesson5
lesson5

... ‘udpserver.cpp’ and ‘udpclient.cpp’ • This pair of network application-programs provides us with a simple illustration of the basic paradigm: ...
OSI vs TCP/IP models
OSI vs TCP/IP models

...  is the measure of how much information can flow from one place to another in a given amount of time  Bandwidth is finite- there are limitation set by the laws of physics, DSL uses the same copper wires for voice but use a frequency range that is wider and therefore DSL ca send more bits per secon ...
NetworkBasics
NetworkBasics

... Usual telephone network is circuit switched o For each call, a dedicated circuit is established o Dedicated bandwidth ...
Media: Voice and Video in your SIP Environment
Media: Voice and Video in your SIP Environment

... IP bandwidth: 200 byte/packet = 80,000 bps  160 kbps for 2 way Ethernet bandwidth: 238 byte/packet = 95,2000 bps  190.4 kbps for 2 way ...
Local Area Networks
Local Area Networks

... Solution 1 - isolate subnets with firewalls (usually routers or Ethernet switches with “filter” capabilities). Protect Finance from Engineering. Solution 2 - implement “IP Chains” to limit access to individual computers at the lowest protocol level possible, to specific hosts and subnets. ...
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Deep packet inspection

Deep Packet Inspection (DPI, also called complete packet inspection and Information eXtraction or IX) is a form of computer network packet filtering that examines the data part (and possibly also the header) of a packet as it passes an inspection point, searching for protocol non-compliance, viruses, spam, intrusions, or defined criteria to decide whether the packet may pass or if it needs to be routed to a different destination, or, for the purpose of collecting statistical information. There are multiple headers for IP packets; network equipment only needs to use the first of these (the IP header) for normal operation, but use of the second header (TCP, UDP etc.) is normally considered to be shallow packet inspection (usually called Stateful Packet Inspection) despite this definition.There are multiple ways to acquire packets for deep packet inspection. Using port mirroring (sometimes called Span Port) is a very common way, as well as an optical splitter.Deep Packet Inspection (and filtering) enables advanced network management, user service, and security functions as well as internet data mining, eavesdropping, and internet censorship. Although DPI technology has been used for Internet management for many years, some advocates of net neutrality fear that the technology may be used anticompetitively or to reduce the openness of the Internet.DPI is used in a wide range of applications, at the so-called ""enterprise"" level (corporations and larger institutions), in telecommunications service providers, and in governments.
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