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Electric Forces and Electric Fields
Electric Forces and Electric Fields

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Electricity and Magnetism

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... (b) The potential due to the positive charge is positive d x1 x2 everywhere, and the potential due to the negative charge is negative everywhere. Since the negative charge is smaller in q2  0 q1  0 magnitude than the positive charge, any point where the potential is zero must be closer to the nega ...
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... • Relation between field lines and electric field vectors: a. The direction of the tangent to a field line is the direction of the electric field E at that point b. The number of field lines per unit area is proportional to the magnitude of E: the more field lines the stronger E • Electric field lin ...
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... A device that uses a coil of spinning wires in a magnetic field to make electricity is called a _________________. A _________________ power plant, for example, uses the energy of flowing water to generate electricity. As water flows from a high place to a low place, it pushes on _________________ b ...
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... possible explanation for the chaotic activity that follows positive cloud-to-ground discharges in the Central Plains (you may remember my comment “I have no idea what is going on here” when we saw some of that on one of the high-speed videos). As I understand it, a positive CG neutralizes the positi ...
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PHY481 - Lecture 6: Gauss`s law

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Electrostatics



Electrostatics is a branch of physics that deals with the phenomena and properties of stationary or slow-moving electric charges with no acceleration.Since classical physics, it has been known that some materials such as amber attract lightweight particles after rubbing. The Greek word for amber, ήλεκτρον electron, was the source of the word 'electricity'. Electrostatic phenomena arise from the forces that electric charges exert on each other. Such forces are described by Coulomb's law.Even though electrostatically induced forces seem to be rather weak, the electrostatic force between e.g. an electron and a proton, that together make up a hydrogen atom, is about 36 orders of magnitude stronger than the gravitational force acting between them.There are many examples of electrostatic phenomena, from those as simple as the attraction of the plastic wrap to your hand after you remove it from a package, and the attraction of paper to a charged scale, to the apparently spontaneous explosion of grain silos, the damage of electronic components during manufacturing, and the operation of photocopiers. Electrostatics involves the buildup of charge on the surface of objects due to contact with other surfaces. Although charge exchange happens whenever any two surfaces contact and separate, the effects of charge exchange are usually only noticed when at least one of the surfaces has a high resistance to electrical flow. This is because the charges that transfer to or from the highly resistive surface are more or less trapped there for a long enough time for their effects to be observed. These charges then remain on the object until they either bleed off to ground or are quickly neutralized by a discharge: e.g., the familiar phenomenon of a static 'shock' is caused by the neutralization of charge built up in the body from contact with insulated surfaces.
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