Disrupting antibiotic resistance propagation by inhibiting
... coli F plasmid by Lederberg and Tatum in 1946 (2). Conjugative DNA transfer is also the central mechanism by which antibiotic resistance and virulence factors are propagated in bacterial populations (reviewed in ref. 3). Indeed, it is well established that antibiotic resistance can be rapidly acquir ...
... coli F plasmid by Lederberg and Tatum in 1946 (2). Conjugative DNA transfer is also the central mechanism by which antibiotic resistance and virulence factors are propagated in bacterial populations (reviewed in ref. 3). Indeed, it is well established that antibiotic resistance can be rapidly acquir ...
Expression of E. coli Phosphofructokinase Gene in an Autotrophic
... was stimulated by the consumption of glucose but its ability to consume the glucose was limited. The expression of the pfkA gene in the transconjugant caused assimilation of glucose to the synthesized cell carbon, but only to a limited extent and in a restricted pattern. Since the fixation of CO2 ha ...
... was stimulated by the consumption of glucose but its ability to consume the glucose was limited. The expression of the pfkA gene in the transconjugant caused assimilation of glucose to the synthesized cell carbon, but only to a limited extent and in a restricted pattern. Since the fixation of CO2 ha ...
Supplementary Methods (doc 30K)
... Supplemental methods DNA Constructs and reagents The NF-кB p65 and p50 expression plasmids were used to produce full-length p65 and p50 protein. It was made by cloning PCR products into the HindIII and EcoRV sites of pFlag-CMV-2 expression vector as described before. (Hertlein E et al. 2005). The NF ...
... Supplemental methods DNA Constructs and reagents The NF-кB p65 and p50 expression plasmids were used to produce full-length p65 and p50 protein. It was made by cloning PCR products into the HindIII and EcoRV sites of pFlag-CMV-2 expression vector as described before. (Hertlein E et al. 2005). The NF ...
recombinant DNA technology
... Step 1. The chosen piece of DNA is ‘cut’ from the source organism using restriction enzymes. Step 2. The piece of DNA is ‘pasted’ into a vector and the ends of the DNA are joined with the vector DNA by ligation. Step 3. The vector is introduced into a host cell, often a bacterium or yeast, by a proc ...
... Step 1. The chosen piece of DNA is ‘cut’ from the source organism using restriction enzymes. Step 2. The piece of DNA is ‘pasted’ into a vector and the ends of the DNA are joined with the vector DNA by ligation. Step 3. The vector is introduced into a host cell, often a bacterium or yeast, by a proc ...
biotechnology: tools and applications
... • Cotton resistant to boll weevil • Soybeans resistant to herbicide (Roundup) • Corn resistant to European corn borer ...
... • Cotton resistant to boll weevil • Soybeans resistant to herbicide (Roundup) • Corn resistant to European corn borer ...
Bacterial Transformation - Pitt
... phenomenon. This association was strengthened by the one gene-one enzyme hypothesis proposed by George Beadle and Edward Tatum in 1940; according to this hypothesis, the transforming principle involved one or more genes that produced enzymes needed to synthesize the polysaccharide coat. In 1944 a te ...
... phenomenon. This association was strengthened by the one gene-one enzyme hypothesis proposed by George Beadle and Edward Tatum in 1940; according to this hypothesis, the transforming principle involved one or more genes that produced enzymes needed to synthesize the polysaccharide coat. In 1944 a te ...
Chapter 9: Genetics of Bacteria
... 3. During homologous recombination, alignment of foreign and host DNA results in a region called a ________ that contains one or more base sequence mismatches. 4. In Streptococcus pneumoniae, transformation is triggered by the secretion of a short peptide called the ________. 5. Some bacterial speci ...
... 3. During homologous recombination, alignment of foreign and host DNA results in a region called a ________ that contains one or more base sequence mismatches. 4. In Streptococcus pneumoniae, transformation is triggered by the secretion of a short peptide called the ________. 5. Some bacterial speci ...
Chromosomes in prokaryotes
... Fertility-F-plasmid which contain tra-genes (transfer). They are capable of conjugation and help bacteria produce pili. Resistance- R-plasmids, which contain genes that can build a resistance against antibiotics or poisons. Col-plasmids, which contain genes that determine the production of bacterioc ...
... Fertility-F-plasmid which contain tra-genes (transfer). They are capable of conjugation and help bacteria produce pili. Resistance- R-plasmids, which contain genes that can build a resistance against antibiotics or poisons. Col-plasmids, which contain genes that determine the production of bacterioc ...
Bacteria - REMC 8 / Kent ISD Moodle VLE
... exchanged between two bacterial cells (usually of the same species). •In this process, the movement of DNA is one-way. There is a donor bacterium and a recipient. •Exchange is facilitated by use of a conjugation pilus. •The pilus pulls the two bacterial cells together, and may serve as the con ...
... exchanged between two bacterial cells (usually of the same species). •In this process, the movement of DNA is one-way. There is a donor bacterium and a recipient. •Exchange is facilitated by use of a conjugation pilus. •The pilus pulls the two bacterial cells together, and may serve as the con ...
chapt17_lecture_anim_ppt
... • Transgenic animal technology has not been as successful as that in plants • Molecular techniques combined with the ability to clone domestic animals could produce improved animals for ...
... • Transgenic animal technology has not been as successful as that in plants • Molecular techniques combined with the ability to clone domestic animals could produce improved animals for ...
Slide 1
... What is Genetic Engineering? …the branch of biology that uses special procedures and techniques to change an organism’s DNA. One example is removing DNA from one organism and inserting it into another organism. In this image, the gene for insulin has been remove from human DNA and inserted into a ba ...
... What is Genetic Engineering? …the branch of biology that uses special procedures and techniques to change an organism’s DNA. One example is removing DNA from one organism and inserting it into another organism. In this image, the gene for insulin has been remove from human DNA and inserted into a ba ...
A Rapid Chromosome Mapping Method for Cloned Fragments of Yeast DNA.
... addition, allowed the identification of interesting DNA segments corresponding to no mapped yeast gene. T h e classical mapping methods referred to can be applied to mapping such DNA segments, usually via the introduction into the chromosome of markers present on an integrating vector plasmid (HINNE ...
... addition, allowed the identification of interesting DNA segments corresponding to no mapped yeast gene. T h e classical mapping methods referred to can be applied to mapping such DNA segments, usually via the introduction into the chromosome of markers present on an integrating vector plasmid (HINNE ...
Nucleic Acid Biotechnology Techniques
... • DNA undergoes reaction that incorporates radioactive isotope into the DNA • Autoradiography used to visualize image that has been exposed to radiolabeled oligonucleotides ...
... • DNA undergoes reaction that incorporates radioactive isotope into the DNA • Autoradiography used to visualize image that has been exposed to radiolabeled oligonucleotides ...
Bacteria Transformation
... Objective: Understand How Humans Benefit from Bacterial Transformation New Words: Insulin, recombinant DNA, plasmid, gene splicing The first successful insulin preparations came from cows (and later pigs). In the 1980's technology had advanced to the point where we could make human insulin. The tec ...
... Objective: Understand How Humans Benefit from Bacterial Transformation New Words: Insulin, recombinant DNA, plasmid, gene splicing The first successful insulin preparations came from cows (and later pigs). In the 1980's technology had advanced to the point where we could make human insulin. The tec ...
Lezione 25 - 26 mercoledì 11 maggio 2011
... simple to use, and flexible, but have the drawback of leaving recombination site sequences in the final construct, adding an extra 8 to 13 amino acids to the expressed protein. We have devised a simple and rapid subcloning strategy to transfer any DNA fragment of interest from an entry clone into an ...
... simple to use, and flexible, but have the drawback of leaving recombination site sequences in the final construct, adding an extra 8 to 13 amino acids to the expressed protein. We have devised a simple and rapid subcloning strategy to transfer any DNA fragment of interest from an entry clone into an ...
Handbook for Azospirillum
... included the IncP1 plasmid R68-45 (Haas and Holloway 1976), adopted from use with P. aeruginosa (Elmerich and Franche 1982). Michiels et al. (1985) tested plasmids belonging to the incompatibility groups (Inc) P1, Q, and W, but only IncP1 plasmids pRK290, pRK252, and BIN19 were stable in Azospirillu ...
... included the IncP1 plasmid R68-45 (Haas and Holloway 1976), adopted from use with P. aeruginosa (Elmerich and Franche 1982). Michiels et al. (1985) tested plasmids belonging to the incompatibility groups (Inc) P1, Q, and W, but only IncP1 plasmids pRK290, pRK252, and BIN19 were stable in Azospirillu ...
HSC – Biology – Maintaining a Balance
... Genetic engineering was made possible by restriction enzymes and plasmids found in bacteria. Plasmids in bacteria are small circular DNA molecules separated from chromosomal DNA which replicates independently of chromosomal DNA. This ability makes it possible for bacteria to replicate any new DNA th ...
... Genetic engineering was made possible by restriction enzymes and plasmids found in bacteria. Plasmids in bacteria are small circular DNA molecules separated from chromosomal DNA which replicates independently of chromosomal DNA. This ability makes it possible for bacteria to replicate any new DNA th ...
Chemistry 5.50 Site Directed Mutagenesis Methods. Site directed
... described in Figure 1. This figure was redrawn based on the figure from Cosby and Lesley (1997) Promega Notes Magazine Number 61, 12. In the figure the multiple cloning site is a region of the plasmid DNA (can also use genetically manipulated phage M13 DNA) generated to have a large number of restri ...
... described in Figure 1. This figure was redrawn based on the figure from Cosby and Lesley (1997) Promega Notes Magazine Number 61, 12. In the figure the multiple cloning site is a region of the plasmid DNA (can also use genetically manipulated phage M13 DNA) generated to have a large number of restri ...
Restriction Enzymes
... Using Restriction Enzymes to Clone Genes of Interest • Since the amount of cuts in the standard genome is too many for controlling gene insertion and regulation, plasmid cloning vectors are preferred • Restriction cuts are often singular • The cuts can be selected to be upstream from a promotor reg ...
... Using Restriction Enzymes to Clone Genes of Interest • Since the amount of cuts in the standard genome is too many for controlling gene insertion and regulation, plasmid cloning vectors are preferred • Restriction cuts are often singular • The cuts can be selected to be upstream from a promotor reg ...
Section 7.1 DNA Cloning with Plasmid Vectors
... and some higher eukaryotic cells, exist in a parasitic or symbiotic relationship with their host cell. Plasmids range in size from a few thousand base pairs to more than 100 kilobases (kb). Like the host-cell chromosomal DNA, plasmid DNA is duplicated before every cell division. During cell division ...
... and some higher eukaryotic cells, exist in a parasitic or symbiotic relationship with their host cell. Plasmids range in size from a few thousand base pairs to more than 100 kilobases (kb). Like the host-cell chromosomal DNA, plasmid DNA is duplicated before every cell division. During cell division ...
Chapter 4 Molecular Cloning Methods
... (red and blue). Then add short, single-stranded DNA primers (purple and yellow) complementary to sequences on either side of the region (X) to be amplified. The primers hybridize to the appropriate sites on the separated DNA strands; now a special heat-stable DNA polymerase uses these primers to sta ...
... (red and blue). Then add short, single-stranded DNA primers (purple and yellow) complementary to sequences on either side of the region (X) to be amplified. The primers hybridize to the appropriate sites on the separated DNA strands; now a special heat-stable DNA polymerase uses these primers to sta ...
Recombinant DNA and the Production of Insulin
... Recombinant DNA and the Production of Insulin Part One Diabetes is a condition where a person has too much sugar in their blood. Insulin, which is a hormone created by the pancreas, normally helps lower the level of sugar in a person’s blood. But people who are diabetics do not produce enough insuli ...
... Recombinant DNA and the Production of Insulin Part One Diabetes is a condition where a person has too much sugar in their blood. Insulin, which is a hormone created by the pancreas, normally helps lower the level of sugar in a person’s blood. But people who are diabetics do not produce enough insuli ...
BIOT 3 Lab 3 Handout 1
... defense mechanism to protect against infectious pathogens such as viruses called bacteriophage, also known as phage. Phage viruses reproduce by injecting DNA into a host bacteria and then use the host’s cellular machinery to replicate more copies of phage virus. Bacteria produce restriction enzymes ...
... defense mechanism to protect against infectious pathogens such as viruses called bacteriophage, also known as phage. Phage viruses reproduce by injecting DNA into a host bacteria and then use the host’s cellular machinery to replicate more copies of phage virus. Bacteria produce restriction enzymes ...
Summary of Biotech Techniques (Word Doc.)
... This is the transfer of genes from one species to another. Organisms which contain DNA from a different species are said to be transgenic. Transgenesis can be used to move desirable traits from one species to another. It may one day be used to cure genetic defects in humans (= gene therapy). Ways of ...
... This is the transfer of genes from one species to another. Organisms which contain DNA from a different species are said to be transgenic. Transgenesis can be used to move desirable traits from one species to another. It may one day be used to cure genetic defects in humans (= gene therapy). Ways of ...
Plasmid
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A plasmid is a small DNA molecule within a cell that is physically separated from a chromosomal DNA and can replicate independently. They are most commonly found in bacteria as small, circular, double-stranded DNA molecules; however, plasmids are sometimes present in archaea and eukaryotic organisms. In nature, plasmids often carry genes that may benefit the survival of the organism, for example antibiotic resistance. While the chromosomes are big and contain all the essential information for living, plasmids usually are very small and contain only additional information. Artificial plasmids are widely used as vectors in molecular cloning, serving to drive the replication of recombinant DNA sequences within host organisms.Plasmids are considered replicons, a unit of DNA capable of replicating autonomously within a suitable host. However, plasmids, like viruses, are not generally classified as life. Plasmids can be transmitted from one bacterium to another (even of another species) via three main mechanisms: transformation, transduction, and conjugation. This host-to-host transfer of genetic material is called horizontal gene transfer, and plasmids can be considered part of the mobilome. Unlike viruses (which encase their genetic material in a protective protein coat called a capsid), plasmids are ""naked"" DNA and do not encode genes necessary to encase the genetic material for transfer to a new host. However, some classes of plasmids encode the conjugative ""sex"" pilus necessary for their own transfer. The size of the plasmid varies from 1 to over 200 kbp, and the number of identical plasmids in a single cell can range anywhere from one to thousands under some circumstances.The relationship between microbes and plasmid DNA is neither parasitic nor mutualistic, because each implies the presence of an independent species living in a detrimental or commensal state with the host organism. Rather, plasmids provide a mechanism for horizontal gene transfer within a population of microbes and typically provide a selective advantage under a given environmental state. Plasmids may carry genes that provide resistance to naturally occurring antibiotics in a competitive environmental niche, or the proteins produced may act as toxins under similar circumstances, or allow the organism to utilize particular organic compounds that would be advantageous when nutrients are scarce.