Biology Topic 10
... For influenza, a vaccine is given for chronically ill people, mainly with respiratory diseases, or for healthy people over 65 years old. The main danger of vaccinations comes from the fact that if the bacteria or virus used in the vaccines has not been weakened enough, they can still infect the per ...
... For influenza, a vaccine is given for chronically ill people, mainly with respiratory diseases, or for healthy people over 65 years old. The main danger of vaccinations comes from the fact that if the bacteria or virus used in the vaccines has not been weakened enough, they can still infect the per ...
Preparation of Vaccines
... microbial antigens – Genes for microbial antigens are inserted into a plasmid vector and are cloned in appropriate hosts. – The resultant protein product is used to provoke immune system. ...
... microbial antigens – Genes for microbial antigens are inserted into a plasmid vector and are cloned in appropriate hosts. – The resultant protein product is used to provoke immune system. ...
lecture 5 immunity - Faculty Web Pages
... known as gamma globulin. IgG’s are “Y” shaped molecules with the two ends of the Y’s being custom tailored to fit the antigen that stimulated their production. As a result, they are highly specific. They are relatively low in molecular weight which means that they are small and are filterable, meani ...
... known as gamma globulin. IgG’s are “Y” shaped molecules with the two ends of the Y’s being custom tailored to fit the antigen that stimulated their production. As a result, they are highly specific. They are relatively low in molecular weight which means that they are small and are filterable, meani ...
Study Guide to Midterm 3
... Disclaimer: Not ALL of the questions on the midterm will necessarily be found on this document. The Study Questions you have been answering for each chapter are the basis for the midterm questions, but in order to phrase a logical multiple choice question, i.e. how the question is asked, it may be w ...
... Disclaimer: Not ALL of the questions on the midterm will necessarily be found on this document. The Study Questions you have been answering for each chapter are the basis for the midterm questions, but in order to phrase a logical multiple choice question, i.e. how the question is asked, it may be w ...
Pneumococcal Vaccines - Simcoe Muskoka District Health Unit
... • Markedly reduced incidence with the use of effective conjugate vaccines in children and high risk adults (Pneu-C-13 currently) • Pneu-C-13 eliminates nasal carriage = reduced circulation of pneumococcal serotypes ...
... • Markedly reduced incidence with the use of effective conjugate vaccines in children and high risk adults (Pneu-C-13 currently) • Pneu-C-13 eliminates nasal carriage = reduced circulation of pneumococcal serotypes ...
Vaccines and Immunisations
... • It is not part of the routine childhood vaccination schedule • May be offered to siblings of children with severe immuno suppression and non immune healthcare workers ...
... • It is not part of the routine childhood vaccination schedule • May be offered to siblings of children with severe immuno suppression and non immune healthcare workers ...
summary of product characteristics
... Immunogenicity of the vaccine antigen will be reduced by poor storage or inappropriate administration. Immuno-competence of the animal may be compromised by a variety of factors including poor health, nutritional status, genetic factors, concurrent drug therapy and stress. 4.5 Special precautions fo ...
... Immunogenicity of the vaccine antigen will be reduced by poor storage or inappropriate administration. Immuno-competence of the animal may be compromised by a variety of factors including poor health, nutritional status, genetic factors, concurrent drug therapy and stress. 4.5 Special precautions fo ...
PNEUMONIA IT`S NOT TOO LATE TO VACCINATE!! With the
... If you see any of these symptoms with your pregnant ewes then this is an emergency and a vet will be required to examine the sheep & treat accordingly. The ewe will need a high glucose drench to rapidly increase her energy levels. She may also need antibiotics and calcium, but this will need to be a ...
... If you see any of these symptoms with your pregnant ewes then this is an emergency and a vet will be required to examine the sheep & treat accordingly. The ewe will need a high glucose drench to rapidly increase her energy levels. She may also need antibiotics and calcium, but this will need to be a ...
Innate immunity - Fadel Muhammad Garishah, MD
... Innate Immunity • Innate immunity (also called natural or native immunity) consists of cellular and biochemical defense mechanisms that are in place. • The principal components of innate immunity are – (1) physical and chemical barriers, such as epithelia and antimicrobial substances produced at ep ...
... Innate Immunity • Innate immunity (also called natural or native immunity) consists of cellular and biochemical defense mechanisms that are in place. • The principal components of innate immunity are – (1) physical and chemical barriers, such as epithelia and antimicrobial substances produced at ep ...
Immunity
... Viruses: tiny particles made of a protein shell that invade cells and make the cell replicate (double) their genetics; they can look like spiders with legs; receptors on surface ...
... Viruses: tiny particles made of a protein shell that invade cells and make the cell replicate (double) their genetics; they can look like spiders with legs; receptors on surface ...
Immune System - World of Teaching
... Memory T and Memory B cells remain in the body to speed up the response if the same antigen reappears. Supressor T-Cells stop the immune response when all antigens have been destroyed. ...
... Memory T and Memory B cells remain in the body to speed up the response if the same antigen reappears. Supressor T-Cells stop the immune response when all antigens have been destroyed. ...
taking advantage of malnourished mice an animal model for
... and Flammulina. These mushrooms particularly have long been suggested to possess immunomodulatory effects5. Immunity is a very complex homeostatic system consisting of a network of interacting cells, tissues and organs. It allows the organism to exist within itself and maintains a surveillance to ...
... and Flammulina. These mushrooms particularly have long been suggested to possess immunomodulatory effects5. Immunity is a very complex homeostatic system consisting of a network of interacting cells, tissues and organs. It allows the organism to exist within itself and maintains a surveillance to ...
CBS_Nov_22_05
... •Benjamin Jesty and, later, Edward Jenner could show that vaccination with the less dangerous cowpox could protect against infection with smallpox •The word vaccination, which is derived from vacca, the Latin word for cow. ...
... •Benjamin Jesty and, later, Edward Jenner could show that vaccination with the less dangerous cowpox could protect against infection with smallpox •The word vaccination, which is derived from vacca, the Latin word for cow. ...
Clinical Signs are an Interaction of Host, Agent and the Environment
... case this is the pig, but more specifically the age group within a population is a particular concern. “Age” is a very important determinant of clinical expression because most diseases are noted in a specific age group. This is most often due to age-dependent changes in the level of immunity, or th ...
... case this is the pig, but more specifically the age group within a population is a particular concern. “Age” is a very important determinant of clinical expression because most diseases are noted in a specific age group. This is most often due to age-dependent changes in the level of immunity, or th ...
Immune system08
... Function of the system • The immune system is the system of specialized cells and organs that protect an organism from outside biological influences • Defends against pathogens and disease ...
... Function of the system • The immune system is the system of specialized cells and organs that protect an organism from outside biological influences • Defends against pathogens and disease ...
1-2 Intro
... • Clinical medicine: cause of many diseases, impact on many more diseases • New therapies based on biology • Potential for major role in emerging therapies (gene therapy, stem cell therapy) ...
... • Clinical medicine: cause of many diseases, impact on many more diseases • New therapies based on biology • Potential for major role in emerging therapies (gene therapy, stem cell therapy) ...
Medical-Surgical Nursing: An Integrated Approach, 2E Chapter 22
... A systemic reaction to allergens and the most serious type of allergic reaction. Foods, drugs, hormones, insect bites, blood, and vaccines are all associated with anaphylactic reactions. ...
... A systemic reaction to allergens and the most serious type of allergic reaction. Foods, drugs, hormones, insect bites, blood, and vaccines are all associated with anaphylactic reactions. ...
What Causes Disease? How Does the Immune System Protect the
... Mode of Transmission - Manner in which an infectious agent is transmitted from one person to another. For measles, the measles virus can live in airborne droplets for about two hours. People can get measles by breathing in air that has the droplets. ...
... Mode of Transmission - Manner in which an infectious agent is transmitted from one person to another. For measles, the measles virus can live in airborne droplets for about two hours. People can get measles by breathing in air that has the droplets. ...
Document
... For each disease there is a certain level of immunity in the population which protects the whole population because the disease stops spreading in the community A disease can therefore be eradicated even if some people remain susceptible Herd immunity provides indirect protection of unvaccinated as ...
... For each disease there is a certain level of immunity in the population which protects the whole population because the disease stops spreading in the community A disease can therefore be eradicated even if some people remain susceptible Herd immunity provides indirect protection of unvaccinated as ...
End TB Strategy - pulmonology kkm
... OFLOTUB/Gatifloxacin for TB Phase III trial: gatifloxacin substituted for ethambutol – 4 months Rx results expected second half 2013 ReMox: moxifloxacin substituted for ethambutol or isoniazid – 4 months Rx - results expected early ...
... OFLOTUB/Gatifloxacin for TB Phase III trial: gatifloxacin substituted for ethambutol – 4 months Rx results expected second half 2013 ReMox: moxifloxacin substituted for ethambutol or isoniazid – 4 months Rx - results expected early ...
Herd immunity
Herd immunity (also called herd effect, community immunity, population immunity, or social immunity) is a form of indirect protection from infectious disease that occurs when a large percentage of a population has become immune to an infection, thereby providing a measure of protection for individuals who are not immune. In a population in which a large number of individuals are immune, chains of infection are likely to be disrupted, which stops or slows the spread of disease. The greater the proportion of individuals in a community who are immune, the smaller the probability that those who are not immune will come into contact with an infectious individual.Individual immunity can be gained through recovering from a natural infection or through artificial means such as vaccination. Some individuals cannot become immune due to medical reasons and in this group herd immunity is an important method of protection. Once a certain threshold has been reached, herd immunity will gradually eliminate a disease from a population. This elimination, if achieved worldwide, may result in the permanent reduction in the number of infections to zero, called eradication. This method was used for the eradication of smallpox in 1977 and for the regional elimination of other diseases. Herd immunity does not apply to all diseases, just those that are contagious, meaning that they can be transmitted from one individual to another. Tetanus, for example, is infectious but not contagious, so herd immunity does not apply.The term herd immunity was first used in 1923. It was recognized as a naturally occurring phenomenon in the 1930s when it was observed that after a significant number of children had become immune to measles, the number of new infections temporarily decreased, including among susceptible children. Mass vaccination to induce herd immunity has since become common and proved successful in preventing the spread of many infectious diseases. Opposition to vaccination has posed a challenge to herd immunity, allowing preventable diseases to persist in or return to communities that have inadequate vaccination rates.