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Autoimmunity and autoinflammation
Autoimmunity and autoinflammation

... Autoinflammatory diseases are a group of rare, hereditary inflammatory disorders that occur in the absence of any infection. The cells of your innate immune system induce an inflammatory response even though they have not encountered antigens in the body. Autoinflammation can also be trigged by infe ...
TB Disease
TB Disease

... TB is caused by bacteria (germs) and is spread when a person with TB disease of the lungs coughs the germs into the air. People sharing that air may breathe in the germs and develop either... ...
Autoimmune Diseases
Autoimmune Diseases

... • Treatment: • Treatment include palliatives with rest and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs like salicylates and ibuprofen • Slow-acting antirheumatic drugs (SAARDS) may also be used to treat the condition • New therapy include the use of monoclonal Abs that target ...
To the principal Azra naheed Medical college Lahore
To the principal Azra naheed Medical college Lahore

... .Principal pattern for intracellular microbes .Tuberculin reaction (Erythema , Induration) .Memory T lymphocytes circulate for years . Lymphokines recruit inflammatory cells .Generation of cytotoxic T lymphocytes ...
Characterization of disease-causing dendritic cells in Crohn`s
Characterization of disease-causing dendritic cells in Crohn`s

... Crohn’s disease (CD) is a chronic inflammatory intestinal disorder with no known cure. The inflammation characteristic of CD can be found anywhere along the digestive tract, and is thought to result from an inappropriate immune response in genetically-prone individuals. Its incidence is rising in Ca ...
Eulji University Hospital
Eulji University Hospital

... the long-term use of immunosuppressive drugs. In the BEST study, a randomized trial comparing four different treatment strategies in early RA, 56% of 120 patients who started treatment with infliximab, 3 mg/kg, in combination with MTX were able to maintain a low disease activity score even after sto ...
Allergy and Immune Disorders
Allergy and Immune Disorders

... Chronic connective tissue disease (autoimmune)-exact cause unknown Organ-specific disease! Not contagious or cancerous; most common in middle-aged women Not directly inherited, possibly a family hx of rheumatic diseases S/S: chronic hardening and thickening of the skin caused by new collagen formati ...
The Genetic Basis of Crohn's Disease
The Genetic Basis of Crohn's Disease

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Omega-3 Fatty Acid-Derived Mediators of Resolution in Health and
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GP Referral Form - Salus Fatigue Foundation
GP Referral Form - Salus Fatigue Foundation

... Salus Fatigue Foundation provides support, advice and education to people affected by CFS/ME/Fibromyalgia. The diagnosis will generally already be established and other possible causes will have been excluded. Completion of this form will help us to support your patient in developing a self-manageme ...
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Arthritis Mutilans in a Patient with Psoriasis
Arthritis Mutilans in a Patient with Psoriasis

... related to disease progression and prognosis. HLAB27, HLA-DR7, and HLA-DQw3 are predictive of disease progression, whereas HLA-B22 appears to be protective.3 Immune causality may also play a role, as is suggested by synovial membrane infiltration with immune-competent cells, such as macrophages and ...
Helminth derived Immunodmodulator A therapeutic for immune-related diseases Overview
Helminth derived Immunodmodulator A therapeutic for immune-related diseases Overview

... conditions where T lymphocyte cells have a pathogenic role, such as Th1 or ThIL-17 mediated inflammatory conditions, chronic inflammatory conditions and autoimmune diseases Infection with Helminth parasites has been associated with immunosuppression and compromised T-cell responses. Fasciola hepatic ...
Orthokine / Regenokine
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Missing genetic link found in a challenging immune disease
Missing genetic link found in a challenging immune disease

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Lymes Disease
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Multiple Sclerosis
Multiple Sclerosis

... thought that women should not have children at all if she was diagnosed with MS. Actually during the mothers’ last trimester there is a 70% reduction in the relapse rate. The thought behind this process is that the mother’s immune system changes so her body does not reject the unborn child who has a ...
Everyday our bodies are under attack. While invisible to the naked
Everyday our bodies are under attack. While invisible to the naked

... Inflammatory Diseases; inflammation is the gathering of immune system cells and molecules at an infected of injured site. This immune response is good for the body, and is designed to promote healing. The clearest example of this process at work can be viewed when an individual cuts his or her fing ...
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Vyuka_A-_diagnosis_in_O

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Summary - Discontools
Summary - Discontools

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Spectrum of Autoimmune Diseases
Spectrum of Autoimmune Diseases

... Autoimmune Diseases 2008 C.K.Shieh Spectrum of Autoimmune Diseases HLA Association of Autoimmune Diseases Depletion of Autoreactive T Cells in the Thymus How does autoantibody cause diseases • Direct binding to target cells thyrotoxicosis Myasthenia gravis Goodpasture’s syndrome ...
The Consult Dilemma - University of Wisconsin–Madison
The Consult Dilemma - University of Wisconsin–Madison

... – Rheumatology: deferred the shoulder to ortho but continued serial right knee taps. – Orthopedics: no further intervention or imaging. Tell Rheum to stop tapping the knee. ...
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Rheumatoid arthritis



Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a long lasting autoimmune disorder that primarily affects joints. It typically results in warm, swollen, and painful joints. Pain and stiffness often worsen following rest. Most commonly the wrist and hands are involved with typically the same joints involved on both sides of the body. The disease may also affect other parts of the body. This may result in low red blood cells, inflammation around the lungs, and inflammation around the heart. Fever and low energy may also be present. Often symptoms come on gradually over weeks to months.While the cause of rheumatoid arthritis is not clear, it is believed to involve a combination of genetic and environmental factors. The underlying mechanism involves the body's immune system attacking the joints. This results in inflammation and thickening of the joint capsule. It also affects the underlying bone and cartilage. The diagnosis is made mostly on the basis of a person's signs and symptoms. X-rays and laboratory testing may support a diagnosis or exclude other diseases with similar symptoms. Other diseases that may present similarly include systemic lupus erythematosus, psoriatic arthritis, and fibromyalgia among others.The goal of treatment is to improve pain, decrease inflammation, and improve a person's overall functioning. This may be helped by balancing rest and exercise, the use of splints and braces, or the use of assistive devices. Pain medications, steroids, and NSAIDs are frequently used to help with symptoms. A group of medications called disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs) may be used to try to slow the progression of disease. They include the medications hydroxychloroquine and methotrexate. Biological DMARDs may be used when disease does not respond to other treatments. However, they may have a greater rate of adverse effects. Surgery to repair, replace, or fusion joints may help in certain situations. Most alternative medicine treatments are not supported by evidence.RA affects between 0.5 and 1% of adults in the developed world with between 5 and 50 per 100,000 people newly developing the condition each year. Onset is most frequent during middle age and women are affected 2.5 times as frequently as men. In 2013 it resulted in 38,000 deaths up from 28,000 deaths in 1990. The first recognized description of RA was made in 1800 by Dr. Augustin Jacob Landré-Beauvais (1772–1840) of Paris. The term rheumatoid arthritis is based on the Greek for watery and inflamed joints.
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