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Cancer development
Cancer development

... (1) Initial phase-Changes in local blood flow & accumulation of inflammatory cells (neutrophiles, macrophages, DCs, & lymphocytes) (2) Middle phase-Resolution of initial insults (3) Final phase-Termination of inflammation & tissue repair ...
Mechanisms of neutrophil accumulation in obstructive airways disease
Mechanisms of neutrophil accumulation in obstructive airways disease

HERV encoded envelope proteins – key players in autoimmunity?
HERV encoded envelope proteins – key players in autoimmunity?

Gut-Brain Regeneration
Gut-Brain Regeneration

Drugs for Inflammation, Fever, and Allergies Expanded Key Concepts
Drugs for Inflammation, Fever, and Allergies Expanded Key Concepts

Introduction to the MRC Centre for Inflammation Research video
Introduction to the MRC Centre for Inflammation Research video

Assessment of immune function.Management of patients with im
Assessment of immune function.Management of patients with im

... Memory T-Cells • Have previously encountered specific antigens • Respond in enhanced fashion on subsequent exposures • Induce secondary immune response ...
The Immune System - Hatzalah of Miami-Dade
The Immune System - Hatzalah of Miami-Dade

... Memory T-Cells • Have previously encountered specific antigens • Respond in enhanced fashion on subsequent exposures • Induce secondary immune response ...
Lymphatic System - University of Baghdad
Lymphatic System - University of Baghdad

(DTH) mouse model for atopic dermatitis
(DTH) mouse model for atopic dermatitis

Lines of Defense - Trinity Christian School
Lines of Defense - Trinity Christian School

1. dia
1. dia

The Mediators of Inflammation.
The Mediators of Inflammation.

Presentation
Presentation

Chronic inflammation
Chronic inflammation

Skin as a protection against environmental threats
Skin as a protection against environmental threats

Lecture Notes: Immune System (Part I)
Lecture Notes: Immune System (Part I)

Time course of immune response
Time course of immune response

... • Produced in response to an activating stimulus • Function by binding to a specific receptor • Usually soluble, but can be membrane associated • Can work locally or at a distance ...
T-cells
T-cells

... stimulated by IMs express selectins. Phagocytes slow and stick to endothelium, migrate via chemotaxis to sites adjacent to wound (high levels of IMs), attach by their integrins, and then emigrate from capillary. ...
Chronic Inflammation
Chronic Inflammation

... aggregation of mononuclear inflammatory cells, or such a collection of modified macrophages resembling epithelial cells (epitheloid cells) usually surrounded by a rim of lymphocytes, often with multinucleated giant cells. Some granulomas contain eosinophils and plasma cells, and fibrosis is commonly ...
Myeloid cells in ocular health and disease
Myeloid cells in ocular health and disease

... and aging. The predominant cell types are myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSC) and type 2 or so-called tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs). The cells are present at low levels in healthy and young individuals; however, when elevated, MDSC and TAMs are profoundly immune suppressive cells that neut ...
Muscle development
Muscle development

Document
Document

IMMUNE SYSTEM and DIseasE
IMMUNE SYSTEM and DIseasE

Inflammation and immunity
Inflammation and immunity

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Inflammation



Inflammation (Latin, inflammatio) is part of the complex biological response of body tissues to harmful stimuli, such as pathogens, damaged cells, or irritants.Inflammation is a protective response that involves immune cells, blood vessels, and molecular mediators. The purpose of inflammation is to eliminate the initial cause of cell injury, clear out necrotic cells and tissues damaged from the original insult and the inflammatory process, and to initiate tissue repair.The classical signs of acute inflammation are pain, heat, redness, swelling, and loss of function. Inflammation is a generic response, and therefore it is considered as a mechanism of innate immunity, as compared to adaptive immunity, which is specific for each pathogen.Too little inflammation could lead to progressive tissue destruction by the harmful stimulus (e.g. bacteria) and compromise the survival of the organism. In contrast, chronic inflammation may lead to a host of diseases, such as hay fever, periodontitis, atherosclerosis, rheumatoid arthritis, and even cancer (e.g., gallbladder carcinoma). Inflammation is therefore normally closely regulated by the body.Inflammation can be classified as either acute or chronic. Acute inflammation is the initial response of the body to harmful stimuli and is achieved by the increased movement of plasma and leukocytes (especially granulocytes) from the blood into the injured tissues. A series of biochemical events propagates and matures the inflammatory response, involving the local vascular system, the immune system, and various cells within the injured tissue. Prolonged inflammation, known as chronic inflammation, leads to a progressive shift in the type of cells present at the site of inflammation and is characterized by simultaneous destruction and healing of the tissue from the inflammatory process.Inflammation is not a synonym for infection. Infection describes the interaction between the action of microbial invasion and the reaction of the body's inflammatory defensive response — the two components are considered together when discussing an infection, and the word is used to imply a microbial invasive cause for the observed inflammatory reaction. Inflammation on the other hand describes purely the body's immunovascular response, whatever the cause may be. But because of how often the two are correlated, words ending in the suffix -itis (which refers to inflammation) are sometimes informally described as referring to infection. For example, the word urethritis strictly means only ""urethral inflammation"", but clinical health care providers usually discuss urethritis as a urethral infection because urethral microbial invasion is the most common cause of urethritis.It is useful to differentiate inflammation and infection as there are many pathological situations where inflammation is not driven by microbial invasion - for example, atherosclerosis, type III hypersensitivity, trauma, ischaemia. There are also pathological situations where microbial invasion does not result in classic inflammatory response—for example, parasitosis, eosinophilia.
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