BTY328: Viruses
... Some naked viruses such as the poliovirus undergo major change in capsid structure on adsorption to the plasma membrane, and only their nucleic acids are injected into the cytoplasm. Many enveloped viruses enter cells through engulfment by receptor-mediated endocytosis to form coated vesicles. These ...
... Some naked viruses such as the poliovirus undergo major change in capsid structure on adsorption to the plasma membrane, and only their nucleic acids are injected into the cytoplasm. Many enveloped viruses enter cells through engulfment by receptor-mediated endocytosis to form coated vesicles. These ...
chapter 4 review
... VIRUS: pg. 84 & 85 Size Extremely small Need electron microscope to see them Shape Varies Structure Protein coat (outside) DNA (inside) (see drawing) How are viruses different from living cells? (see study sheet 2) Viruses cannot do the 4 life processes Viruses are non living Viruses can not live by ...
... VIRUS: pg. 84 & 85 Size Extremely small Need electron microscope to see them Shape Varies Structure Protein coat (outside) DNA (inside) (see drawing) How are viruses different from living cells? (see study sheet 2) Viruses cannot do the 4 life processes Viruses are non living Viruses can not live by ...
Biological Properties of Tomato apex necrosis virus (ToANV)
... Partial List of Current Projects in the UCD CRF: Comparative host range testing of 3 Diohabda ...
... Partial List of Current Projects in the UCD CRF: Comparative host range testing of 3 Diohabda ...
Viruses Lecture 1
... Few viruses single protein as capsid Most viruses have several are chemically distinct are associated with each other in specific ways to form Capsomers.. ...
... Few viruses single protein as capsid Most viruses have several are chemically distinct are associated with each other in specific ways to form Capsomers.. ...
virus4
... 2. Lysogenic cycle-may result in lysis of the cell or the virus becomes a permanent part of the chromosome by integrating ...
... 2. Lysogenic cycle-may result in lysis of the cell or the virus becomes a permanent part of the chromosome by integrating ...
Chapter 25 Notes Viruses
... could infect the leaves of healthy plants Dr. Wendell Stanley – (1935) the first to isolate the tobacco mosaic virus and show that it could be crystallized ...
... could infect the leaves of healthy plants Dr. Wendell Stanley – (1935) the first to isolate the tobacco mosaic virus and show that it could be crystallized ...
Chapter 13-Viruses. Viroids, and Prions
... diarrhea, abdominal discomfort, fever, and chills lasting 2-21 days ...
... diarrhea, abdominal discomfort, fever, and chills lasting 2-21 days ...
Food Poisoning Research
... Name ___________________________ Period _________ Date _________________ ...
... Name ___________________________ Period _________ Date _________________ ...
Viruses: Bacterial and Animal
... is less than 1% • About 40% of the chronic cases die of liver cirrhosis ...
... is less than 1% • About 40% of the chronic cases die of liver cirrhosis ...
Virus/Bacterial Worksheet
... Viral Infections In a viral infection, a virus enters a cell. It then copies itself and causes the cell to burst. The flowchart below summarizes what happens in a viral infection. 1. Put the 3 words in the correct blanks to complete the flowchart. host cell ...
... Viral Infections In a viral infection, a virus enters a cell. It then copies itself and causes the cell to burst. The flowchart below summarizes what happens in a viral infection. 1. Put the 3 words in the correct blanks to complete the flowchart. host cell ...
Viruses - St Mary
... Retroviruses • Retroviruses also contain RNA as their genetic material. • When a virus infects a cell, it produces a copy of viral DNA from the viral RNA code. • The new DNA becomes part of the hereditary apparatus of the infected human cell. • The host cell does not burst, but it changes permanent ...
... Retroviruses • Retroviruses also contain RNA as their genetic material. • When a virus infects a cell, it produces a copy of viral DNA from the viral RNA code. • The new DNA becomes part of the hereditary apparatus of the infected human cell. • The host cell does not burst, but it changes permanent ...
Chapter 13 Notes
... o Virus’ requirements for _____________________________ – can the virus latch on? o Availability of ______________________ for multiplying – can host multiply virus? Viral host range gives potential in ___________________________ o Use of bacteriophage to treat ______________________ infections o ...
... o Virus’ requirements for _____________________________ – can the virus latch on? o Availability of ______________________ for multiplying – can host multiply virus? Viral host range gives potential in ___________________________ o Use of bacteriophage to treat ______________________ infections o ...
20_Bacteria and Virus PowerPoint
... Prion – protein particle that causes disease - misfolded proteins in the brain that cause a chain reaction of misfolding in other normal proteins they contact, clogging the brain tissue and causing disease. ...
... Prion – protein particle that causes disease - misfolded proteins in the brain that cause a chain reaction of misfolding in other normal proteins they contact, clogging the brain tissue and causing disease. ...
Chapter 20
... Prion – protein particle that causes disease - misfolded proteins in the brain that cause a chain reaction of misfolding in other normal proteins they contact, clogging the brain tissue and causing disease. ...
... Prion – protein particle that causes disease - misfolded proteins in the brain that cause a chain reaction of misfolding in other normal proteins they contact, clogging the brain tissue and causing disease. ...
Slide 1
... • Viruses are genetic elements that depend on cellular host but replicate independently of cell’s chromosome(s). • A virion is the extracellular form of a virus and contains either an RNA or a DNA genome. ...
... • Viruses are genetic elements that depend on cellular host but replicate independently of cell’s chromosome(s). • A virion is the extracellular form of a virus and contains either an RNA or a DNA genome. ...
Bacterial Viruses, Viroids, and Prions
... Animal and plants viruses may be grown in cell culture. Continuous cell lines may be maintained indefinitely. ...
... Animal and plants viruses may be grown in cell culture. Continuous cell lines may be maintained indefinitely. ...
Hepatitis - Arkansas State University
... • Hepatitis is inflammation of the liver – Liver especially important in metabolism • Breakdown of drugs, toxins, waste products – Damage results in accumulation of bilirubin • Bilirubin is a stage in hemoglobin breakdown • Results in yellow color: jaundice – Hepatitis can be caused by several diffe ...
... • Hepatitis is inflammation of the liver – Liver especially important in metabolism • Breakdown of drugs, toxins, waste products – Damage results in accumulation of bilirubin • Bilirubin is a stage in hemoglobin breakdown • Results in yellow color: jaundice – Hepatitis can be caused by several diffe ...
pathogen
... reproduction of a virus without interfering with the metabolism of the host cell. S Some antiviral drugs have been developed that specifically act on enzymes important to the virus without damage to the host cell. ...
... reproduction of a virus without interfering with the metabolism of the host cell. S Some antiviral drugs have been developed that specifically act on enzymes important to the virus without damage to the host cell. ...
03-131 Genes, Diseases and Drugs Lecture 1 August 23, 2015
... One common feature of bacterial and plant cells: ...
... One common feature of bacterial and plant cells: ...
Virus
A virus is a small infectious agent that replicates only inside the living cells of other organisms. Viruses can infect all types of life forms, from animals and plants to microorganisms, including bacteria and archaea.Since Dmitri Ivanovsky's 1892 article describing a non-bacterial pathogen infecting tobacco plants, and the discovery of the tobacco mosaic virus by Martinus Beijerinck in 1898, about 5,000 virus species have been described in detail, although there are millions of different types. Viruses are found in almost every ecosystem on Earth and are the most abundant type of biological entity. The study of viruses is known as virology, a sub-speciality of microbiology.While not inside an infected cell or in the process of infecting a cell, viruses exist in the form of independent particles. These viral particles, also known as virions, consist of two or three parts: (i) the genetic material made from either DNA or RNA, long molecules that carry genetic information; (ii) a protein coat, called the capsid, which surrounds and protects the genetic material; and in some cases (iii) an envelope of lipids that surrounds the protein coat when they are outside a cell. The shapes of these virus particles range from simple helical and icosahedral forms for some virus species to more complex structures for others. Most virus species have virions that are too small to be seen with an optical microscope. The average virion is about one one-hundredth the size of the average bacterium.The origins of viruses in the evolutionary history of life are unclear: some may have evolved from plasmids—pieces of DNA that can move between cells—while others may have evolved from bacteria. In evolution, viruses are an important means of horizontal gene transfer, which increases genetic diversity. Viruses are considered by some to be a life form, because they carry genetic material, reproduce, and evolve through natural selection. However they lack key characteristics (such as cell structure) that are generally considered necessary to count as life. Because they possess some but not all such qualities, viruses have been described as ""organisms at the edge of life"".Viruses spread in many ways; viruses in plants are often transmitted from plant to plant by insects that feed on plant sap, such as aphids; viruses in animals can be carried by blood-sucking insects. These disease-bearing organisms are known as vectors. Influenza viruses are spread by coughing and sneezing. Norovirus and rotavirus, common causes of viral gastroenteritis, are transmitted by the faecal–oral route and are passed from person to person by contact, entering the body in food or water. HIV is one of several viruses transmitted through sexual contact and by exposure to infected blood. The range of host cells that a virus can infect is called its ""host range"". This can be narrow, meaning a virus is capable of infecting few species, or broad, meaning it is capable of infecting many.Viral infections in animals provoke an immune response that usually eliminates the infecting virus. Immune responses can also be produced by vaccines, which confer an artificially acquired immunity to the specific viral infection. However, some viruses including those that cause AIDS and viral hepatitis evade these immune responses and result in chronic infections. Antibiotics have no effect on viruses, but several antiviral drugs have been developed.