Cultivation of virus
... • Isolation and cultivation of many avian and few mammalian viruses • Ideal receptacle for virus to grow • Sterile & wide range of tissues and fluids ...
... • Isolation and cultivation of many avian and few mammalian viruses • Ideal receptacle for virus to grow • Sterile & wide range of tissues and fluids ...
Viruses - TeacherWeb
... only a limited genetic blueprint and they don't have the necessary building tools. They have to invade other cells and hijack their cellular machinery to reproduce. Viruses invade by attaching to a cell and injecting their genes or by being swallowed up by the cell. ...
... only a limited genetic blueprint and they don't have the necessary building tools. They have to invade other cells and hijack their cellular machinery to reproduce. Viruses invade by attaching to a cell and injecting their genes or by being swallowed up by the cell. ...
Taxonomy - bancejscience
... cannot survive outside the body because glycoprotein membrane around its capsid dries out (membrane picked up as it buds off white blood cell) can only be transmitted from 1 bodily fluid to another ex. 1. blood to blood: needles, transfusions, toothbrushes ...
... cannot survive outside the body because glycoprotein membrane around its capsid dries out (membrane picked up as it buds off white blood cell) can only be transmitted from 1 bodily fluid to another ex. 1. blood to blood: needles, transfusions, toothbrushes ...
Lecture 16: Spherical Virus Structures
... Triangulation numbers, T There are constraints preserving specificity of interactions within an icosahedron -Caspar and Klug (1962) Showed that only certain multiples (1,3,4,7) of 60 subunits are likely to occur The more subunits used to build the virus the larger the volume it ...
... Triangulation numbers, T There are constraints preserving specificity of interactions within an icosahedron -Caspar and Klug (1962) Showed that only certain multiples (1,3,4,7) of 60 subunits are likely to occur The more subunits used to build the virus the larger the volume it ...
Lecture 3
... A complete virion is composed of nucleic • acid core surrounded by protein coat == capsid Some viruses are surrounded by an • envelope consisting of lipid, protein, carbohydrate ...
... A complete virion is composed of nucleic • acid core surrounded by protein coat == capsid Some viruses are surrounded by an • envelope consisting of lipid, protein, carbohydrate ...
LOYOLA COLLEGE (AUTONOMOUS), CHENNAI – 600 034
... b) Thymosine c) Guanosine d) Adenosine 4. The transducing particles carry only specific portions of the bacterial genome in a) Generalised transduction b) Specialised transduction c) Abortive transduction d) Induced transduction 5. Reverse transcriptase is required when a) RNA virus converts its RNA ...
... b) Thymosine c) Guanosine d) Adenosine 4. The transducing particles carry only specific portions of the bacterial genome in a) Generalised transduction b) Specialised transduction c) Abortive transduction d) Induced transduction 5. Reverse transcriptase is required when a) RNA virus converts its RNA ...
Chapter 21 Viruses
... Living things vs Viruses Both contain protein, genetic material, and they can reproduce. Viruses cannot eat, grow, break-down food, or use oxygen. They must depend on their HOST Cell ...
... Living things vs Viruses Both contain protein, genetic material, and they can reproduce. Viruses cannot eat, grow, break-down food, or use oxygen. They must depend on their HOST Cell ...
On March 3, 2014, the BBC reported that an ancient virus, found
... entity, this single cell Rip Van Winkle, being awakened from its long slumber, joined forces with other existing viruses. Many of its allies had long ago been rendered harmless to living creatures by nature and evolution. This new force, however, would not be denied. Much like how common bacteria an ...
... entity, this single cell Rip Van Winkle, being awakened from its long slumber, joined forces with other existing viruses. Many of its allies had long ago been rendered harmless to living creatures by nature and evolution. This new force, however, would not be denied. Much like how common bacteria an ...
By route of transmission-1 - Arkansas State University
... – Childhood disease, still a global cause of illness – Begins with respiratory infection, then fever and cold, then systemic with characteristic rash – Serious neurological complications in small percentage – Series of MMR vaccine; killed vaccine was ineffective ...
... – Childhood disease, still a global cause of illness – Begins with respiratory infection, then fever and cold, then systemic with characteristic rash – Serious neurological complications in small percentage – Series of MMR vaccine; killed vaccine was ineffective ...
General Properties of Viruses
... Contain either DNA or RNA, never both Genome can be dsDNA, ssDNA, dsRNA or ssRNA Ultramicroscopic in size ranging from 10nm to 300nm Have a proteinaceous capsid around the genome, some have an envelope around the capsid Replicate in an assembly-line manner using the enzymes and organelles of the hos ...
... Contain either DNA or RNA, never both Genome can be dsDNA, ssDNA, dsRNA or ssRNA Ultramicroscopic in size ranging from 10nm to 300nm Have a proteinaceous capsid around the genome, some have an envelope around the capsid Replicate in an assembly-line manner using the enzymes and organelles of the hos ...
Lecture 3 Virus
... Viruses are not considered "living" organisms. However, they do show one of the most important signs of life: the ability to reproduce in a host cell. ...
... Viruses are not considered "living" organisms. However, they do show one of the most important signs of life: the ability to reproduce in a host cell. ...
Chapter 20
... Virus “hijacks” cells protein synthesis machinery to replicate the nucleic acid and other parts of the virus *Some infected cells are killed or damaged by virus Ex: Pneumonia or bronchitis ...
... Virus “hijacks” cells protein synthesis machinery to replicate the nucleic acid and other parts of the virus *Some infected cells are killed or damaged by virus Ex: Pneumonia or bronchitis ...
Viruses, Viroids, and Prions
... Invention of the electron microscope allowed these infectious agents to be first seen French chemist Louis Pasteur suggested that something smaller than a bacterium was the cause of rabies ...
... Invention of the electron microscope allowed these infectious agents to be first seen French chemist Louis Pasteur suggested that something smaller than a bacterium was the cause of rabies ...
Bacteria & Viruses Chapters 24 & 25
... NOT ALIVE & very small (only about 250 amino acids long w/ no nucleic acid) Abnormal proteins that cause disease Cause diseases such as scrapie, BSE, CJD (Creutzfeld-Jakob) Affect central nervous system Kills neurons Onset is very slow ...
... NOT ALIVE & very small (only about 250 amino acids long w/ no nucleic acid) Abnormal proteins that cause disease Cause diseases such as scrapie, BSE, CJD (Creutzfeld-Jakob) Affect central nervous system Kills neurons Onset is very slow ...
Topic 10 Viruses
... • The lytic cycle culminates in the death of the host and release of hundreds of new phage particles • Phages which can only reproduce lytically are called virulent • During a lysogenic cycle, the phage DNA integrates into the host’s genome where it is called a prophage, and reproduces whenever the ...
... • The lytic cycle culminates in the death of the host and release of hundreds of new phage particles • Phages which can only reproduce lytically are called virulent • During a lysogenic cycle, the phage DNA integrates into the host’s genome where it is called a prophage, and reproduces whenever the ...
Viruses
... At the boundary of life, between the macromolecules (which are not alive) and the prokaryotic cells (which are alive), lie the viruses and bacteriophages (phages). These creatures are parasites responsible for causing many diseases in living things (HIV in humans, for example). Viruses are found eve ...
... At the boundary of life, between the macromolecules (which are not alive) and the prokaryotic cells (which are alive), lie the viruses and bacteriophages (phages). These creatures are parasites responsible for causing many diseases in living things (HIV in humans, for example). Viruses are found eve ...
Human disease
... (eukaryotic DNA synthesis occurs in nucleus, protein synthesis in cytoplasm). • Some viruses replicate in nucleus while other replicate in the cytoplasm. • Splicing and RNA modifications are often found. • Reverse transcriptase (a polymerase using RNA as the template to make DNA) is critical to some ...
... (eukaryotic DNA synthesis occurs in nucleus, protein synthesis in cytoplasm). • Some viruses replicate in nucleus while other replicate in the cytoplasm. • Splicing and RNA modifications are often found. • Reverse transcriptase (a polymerase using RNA as the template to make DNA) is critical to some ...
Viruses
... Virus: an infections particle incapable of replicating outside of a cell, which consists of an RNA or DNA genome enclosed in a protein coat (______) ...
... Virus: an infections particle incapable of replicating outside of a cell, which consists of an RNA or DNA genome enclosed in a protein coat (______) ...
Summaries II
... • Viruses are genetic elements that depend on cellular host but replicate independently of cell’s chromosome(s). • A virion is the extracellular form of a virus and contains either an RNA or a DNA genome. ...
... • Viruses are genetic elements that depend on cellular host but replicate independently of cell’s chromosome(s). • A virion is the extracellular form of a virus and contains either an RNA or a DNA genome. ...
How do viruses, bacteria, and protists effect our lives in both positive
... the fact that viruses are cells so they use them as messengers by and good at getting inside taking out the bad genetic material of a virus and put in information that the virus will later deliver to cells that don't work properly. The information the virus gives the cell helps it do its job right. ...
... the fact that viruses are cells so they use them as messengers by and good at getting inside taking out the bad genetic material of a virus and put in information that the virus will later deliver to cells that don't work properly. The information the virus gives the cell helps it do its job right. ...
Viruses and Bacteria
... • Viruses lack enzymes needed for metabolism and have no structures to make proteins • Use cells own machinery to replicate viruses • Pathogen: agent that causes disease – Viruses damage cells during replication ...
... • Viruses lack enzymes needed for metabolism and have no structures to make proteins • Use cells own machinery to replicate viruses • Pathogen: agent that causes disease – Viruses damage cells during replication ...
viruses_bacteria
... • By 1997 some bacteria have evolved to the point they are completely immune to ALL antibiotics. ...
... • By 1997 some bacteria have evolved to the point they are completely immune to ALL antibiotics. ...
VIRUSES - Piscataway Township Schools
... particle that invades and then multiplies inside a living cell. – Do not use energy to grow or to respond to their surroundings – Cannot make food, take in food, or produce wastes ...
... particle that invades and then multiplies inside a living cell. – Do not use energy to grow or to respond to their surroundings – Cannot make food, take in food, or produce wastes ...
Size and Shape of Viruses
... How do They Name Viruses 1. After the disease they cause. 2. After the organ or tissue they attack 3. Today, they are given a genus name ending in the word virus. Code numbers are given to similar viruses ...
... How do They Name Viruses 1. After the disease they cause. 2. After the organ or tissue they attack 3. Today, they are given a genus name ending in the word virus. Code numbers are given to similar viruses ...
Virus
A virus is a small infectious agent that replicates only inside the living cells of other organisms. Viruses can infect all types of life forms, from animals and plants to microorganisms, including bacteria and archaea.Since Dmitri Ivanovsky's 1892 article describing a non-bacterial pathogen infecting tobacco plants, and the discovery of the tobacco mosaic virus by Martinus Beijerinck in 1898, about 5,000 virus species have been described in detail, although there are millions of different types. Viruses are found in almost every ecosystem on Earth and are the most abundant type of biological entity. The study of viruses is known as virology, a sub-speciality of microbiology.While not inside an infected cell or in the process of infecting a cell, viruses exist in the form of independent particles. These viral particles, also known as virions, consist of two or three parts: (i) the genetic material made from either DNA or RNA, long molecules that carry genetic information; (ii) a protein coat, called the capsid, which surrounds and protects the genetic material; and in some cases (iii) an envelope of lipids that surrounds the protein coat when they are outside a cell. The shapes of these virus particles range from simple helical and icosahedral forms for some virus species to more complex structures for others. Most virus species have virions that are too small to be seen with an optical microscope. The average virion is about one one-hundredth the size of the average bacterium.The origins of viruses in the evolutionary history of life are unclear: some may have evolved from plasmids—pieces of DNA that can move between cells—while others may have evolved from bacteria. In evolution, viruses are an important means of horizontal gene transfer, which increases genetic diversity. Viruses are considered by some to be a life form, because they carry genetic material, reproduce, and evolve through natural selection. However they lack key characteristics (such as cell structure) that are generally considered necessary to count as life. Because they possess some but not all such qualities, viruses have been described as ""organisms at the edge of life"".Viruses spread in many ways; viruses in plants are often transmitted from plant to plant by insects that feed on plant sap, such as aphids; viruses in animals can be carried by blood-sucking insects. These disease-bearing organisms are known as vectors. Influenza viruses are spread by coughing and sneezing. Norovirus and rotavirus, common causes of viral gastroenteritis, are transmitted by the faecal–oral route and are passed from person to person by contact, entering the body in food or water. HIV is one of several viruses transmitted through sexual contact and by exposure to infected blood. The range of host cells that a virus can infect is called its ""host range"". This can be narrow, meaning a virus is capable of infecting few species, or broad, meaning it is capable of infecting many.Viral infections in animals provoke an immune response that usually eliminates the infecting virus. Immune responses can also be produced by vaccines, which confer an artificially acquired immunity to the specific viral infection. However, some viruses including those that cause AIDS and viral hepatitis evade these immune responses and result in chronic infections. Antibiotics have no effect on viruses, but several antiviral drugs have been developed.