Genetic engineering and bioweapons
... Most AIDS vaccines are based on the HIV glycoprotein gp120. Results of laboratory and clinical research performed during the last 15 years strongly suggest that AIDS vaccines based on this antigen cannot be effective; and more importantly, it is not safe. Some virologists have been warning for years ...
... Most AIDS vaccines are based on the HIV glycoprotein gp120. Results of laboratory and clinical research performed during the last 15 years strongly suggest that AIDS vaccines based on this antigen cannot be effective; and more importantly, it is not safe. Some virologists have been warning for years ...
What are Antiviral agents
... Most attention has been given to oseltamivir (Tamiflu) because it is a tablet, which is easy to administer. Zanamavir (relenza) is administered as a dry powder inhaler much like some asthma inhalers. An intravenous version of Relenza has been administered to volunteers under study conditions but it ...
... Most attention has been given to oseltamivir (Tamiflu) because it is a tablet, which is easy to administer. Zanamavir (relenza) is administered as a dry powder inhaler much like some asthma inhalers. An intravenous version of Relenza has been administered to volunteers under study conditions but it ...
Unit (1) - 1- The microbe which is able to live in extreme
... a) viruses b) fungus c) archae d) bacteria 2- All are true about protozoa except : a) non photo-synthetic b) live in moist environment c) prokaryote d) most are motile 3- All are true about viruses except : a) not a cell b) obligate intracellular c) made up of nucleic acid and protein d) can be view ...
... a) viruses b) fungus c) archae d) bacteria 2- All are true about protozoa except : a) non photo-synthetic b) live in moist environment c) prokaryote d) most are motile 3- All are true about viruses except : a) not a cell b) obligate intracellular c) made up of nucleic acid and protein d) can be view ...
Natural and Artificial Selection
... Which of the following is an example of Artificial Selection? Millions of years ago, plants were short and did not have root systems, but now plants can grow very tall and have large root systems B. Over time, birds bones have become hollow making them lighter for easy flying C. Tomatoes at the gro ...
... Which of the following is an example of Artificial Selection? Millions of years ago, plants were short and did not have root systems, but now plants can grow very tall and have large root systems B. Over time, birds bones have become hollow making them lighter for easy flying C. Tomatoes at the gro ...
Taxonomy Test#2 - hrsbstaff.ednet.ns.ca
... Test Review Questions for Taxonomy Test #2 December 21st, 2010 Viruses Explain why viruses are not placed in the five kingdom classification system. Draw and label a virus with all possible parts. Give the size range of viruses. Summarize the features that viruses have in common with living things a ...
... Test Review Questions for Taxonomy Test #2 December 21st, 2010 Viruses Explain why viruses are not placed in the five kingdom classification system. Draw and label a virus with all possible parts. Give the size range of viruses. Summarize the features that viruses have in common with living things a ...
CHAPTER 21 VIRUSES MONERA
... • The most complex RNA viruses • During injection of their RNA they also inject a special enzyme that help in the reverse transcriptase • See page 510 • HIV is such a virus ...
... • The most complex RNA viruses • During injection of their RNA they also inject a special enzyme that help in the reverse transcriptase • See page 510 • HIV is such a virus ...
The immune system
... fungistatic, etc.), which means they stop further growth, but don't kill existing cells. ...
... fungistatic, etc.), which means they stop further growth, but don't kill existing cells. ...
The Genetics of Bacteria and Viruses
... It reproduces within the cell nucleus using viral and cellular enzymes to replicate and transcribe it’s DNA Herpesvirus DNA may become integrated into the cell’s genome as a provirus The provirus remains latent within the nucleus until triggered by physical or emotional stress to leave the gen ...
... It reproduces within the cell nucleus using viral and cellular enzymes to replicate and transcribe it’s DNA Herpesvirus DNA may become integrated into the cell’s genome as a provirus The provirus remains latent within the nucleus until triggered by physical or emotional stress to leave the gen ...
2 - Viruses Scavenger Hunt Solution - kyoussef-mci
... a) When the viral DNA is incorporated into the host cell’s chromosome, the viral DNA is referred to as a PROPHAGE. One gene on the prophage codes for a protein that prevents transcription of most of the other prophage genes. This explains why the phage genome is mostly silent, but this also explains ...
... a) When the viral DNA is incorporated into the host cell’s chromosome, the viral DNA is referred to as a PROPHAGE. One gene on the prophage codes for a protein that prevents transcription of most of the other prophage genes. This explains why the phage genome is mostly silent, but this also explains ...
LOYOLA COLLEGE (AUTONOMOUS), CHENNAI – 600 034
... II. State whether the following statements are true or false 06. Plant viruses contain RNA as genetic material. ...
... II. State whether the following statements are true or false 06. Plant viruses contain RNA as genetic material. ...
Mini-Medical School on Infectious Diseases
... ✦ Spread to adjacent cells via a clever mechanism (without ever leaving its intracellular residence). ✦ Massive tissue inflammation and destruction (blood and pus). ...
... ✦ Spread to adjacent cells via a clever mechanism (without ever leaving its intracellular residence). ✦ Massive tissue inflammation and destruction (blood and pus). ...
Viruses
... forms a provirus in the host cell chromosomes, but it also produces small numbers of new viruses while the cell continues to function normally. This explains why people may test positive for HIV but remain healthy for many years. Only when the infection spreads to more and more cells do the symptoms ...
... forms a provirus in the host cell chromosomes, but it also produces small numbers of new viruses while the cell continues to function normally. This explains why people may test positive for HIV but remain healthy for many years. Only when the infection spreads to more and more cells do the symptoms ...
File
... material into a living cell The cell becomes the virus’ host. The virus DNA/RNA becomes a part of the cells DNA so that during cell division the virus is being replicated and passed on. Eventually the virus’ DNA takes over, completely changes the host cell/ kills it’s host cell and continues to repl ...
... material into a living cell The cell becomes the virus’ host. The virus DNA/RNA becomes a part of the cells DNA so that during cell division the virus is being replicated and passed on. Eventually the virus’ DNA takes over, completely changes the host cell/ kills it’s host cell and continues to repl ...
LOYOLA COLLEGE (AUTONOMOUS), CHENNAI – 600 034
... 12. The temperature for the liquid nitrogen storage is ______________________. 13. Extra-chromosomal DNA in bacteria is called _______________. 14. The genetic material in TMV is _______________________. 15. Enrichment of water bodies with nitrates and phosphates leads to ____________. IV. Answer th ...
... 12. The temperature for the liquid nitrogen storage is ______________________. 13. Extra-chromosomal DNA in bacteria is called _______________. 14. The genetic material in TMV is _______________________. 15. Enrichment of water bodies with nitrates and phosphates leads to ____________. IV. Answer th ...
Chapter Outline
... 1. In 1884, Pasteur suspected something smaller than bacteria caused rabies; he chose a Latin term for “poison.” 2. In 1892, Russian biologist Dimitri Ivanowsky, working with the tobacco mosaic virus, confirmed Pasteur’s hypothesis that an infectious agent smaller than a bacterium existed. 3. With t ...
... 1. In 1884, Pasteur suspected something smaller than bacteria caused rabies; he chose a Latin term for “poison.” 2. In 1892, Russian biologist Dimitri Ivanowsky, working with the tobacco mosaic virus, confirmed Pasteur’s hypothesis that an infectious agent smaller than a bacterium existed. 3. With t ...
Viruses and Prions (Chapter 13) Lecture Materials for Amy Warenda
... used for attachment to the host cell 3. Envelope (not all viruses) -some viruses have an envelope around the capsid consisting of lipids, proteins and carbohydrates (cell membrane like) -with envelope = enveloped virus -if a virus does not have an envelope it is called a non-enveloped virus -the env ...
... used for attachment to the host cell 3. Envelope (not all viruses) -some viruses have an envelope around the capsid consisting of lipids, proteins and carbohydrates (cell membrane like) -with envelope = enveloped virus -if a virus does not have an envelope it is called a non-enveloped virus -the env ...
3rd Nine Weeks Study Guide
... What are the 3 rules for writing a scientific name? What is the difference between the five kingdom system and the previous six kingdom system? 9. List 2 differences between bacteria & viruses. 10. List one difference between Archaebacteria & Eubacteria. 11. List the 3 types of Archaebacteria, descr ...
... What are the 3 rules for writing a scientific name? What is the difference between the five kingdom system and the previous six kingdom system? 9. List 2 differences between bacteria & viruses. 10. List one difference between Archaebacteria & Eubacteria. 11. List the 3 types of Archaebacteria, descr ...
Document
... 20 million people have died from AIDS and about 3 million are infected with HIV Disease mechanism • Virus infects and replicated inside white blood cells (WBC) • WBC die decreased immune response ...
... 20 million people have died from AIDS and about 3 million are infected with HIV Disease mechanism • Virus infects and replicated inside white blood cells (WBC) • WBC die decreased immune response ...
Extremophiles - Cardinal Newman High School
... reported how, over a period of years, he had noticed that an immunity to small pox was provided to anyone who had once contracted cow-pox. He decided to deliberately introduce cow-pox into a patient to see if the immunity could be artificially produced. Soon afterwards, he would again inoculate his ...
... reported how, over a period of years, he had noticed that an immunity to small pox was provided to anyone who had once contracted cow-pox. He decided to deliberately introduce cow-pox into a patient to see if the immunity could be artificially produced. Soon afterwards, he would again inoculate his ...
chapt17b_lecture
... Two types of ssRNA genomes 1. Positive-sense acts as a giant RNA molecule and directs synthesis of long viral polypeptide which is cleaved to smaller pieces. 2. Negative-sense is complimentary in base sequence to the mRNA directing viral protein synthesis. (Need transcriptase enzyme) In complex viru ...
... Two types of ssRNA genomes 1. Positive-sense acts as a giant RNA molecule and directs synthesis of long viral polypeptide which is cleaved to smaller pieces. 2. Negative-sense is complimentary in base sequence to the mRNA directing viral protein synthesis. (Need transcriptase enzyme) In complex viru ...
White Paper # 206
... noise filter. Each of these by themselves, however, is capable only of weakening or slowing down a virus -- not eliminating it. Isolation transformers eliminate common mode voltage problems. When surge diverters and noise filters are added to the isolation transformer, the resulting “system” kills a ...
... noise filter. Each of these by themselves, however, is capable only of weakening or slowing down a virus -- not eliminating it. Isolation transformers eliminate common mode voltage problems. When surge diverters and noise filters are added to the isolation transformer, the resulting “system” kills a ...
Prokaryotes
... shapes, but are generally larger and more complex. • Some have means of locomotion (movement) • Have a cell wall and cell membrane ...
... shapes, but are generally larger and more complex. • Some have means of locomotion (movement) • Have a cell wall and cell membrane ...
Introduction to viruses
A virus is a biological agent that reproduces inside the cells of living hosts. When infected by a virus, a host cell is forced to produce many thousands of identical copies of the original virus, at an extraordinary rate. Unlike most living things, viruses do not have cells that divide; new viruses are assembled in the infected host cell. But unlike still simpler infectious agents, viruses contain genes, which gives them the ability to mutate and evolve. Over 5,000 species of viruses have been discovered.The origins of viruses are unclear: some may have evolved from plasmids—pieces of DNA that can move between cells—while others may have evolved from bacteria. A virus consists of two or three parts: genes, made from either DNA or RNA, long molecules that carry genetic information; a protein coat that protects the genes; and in some viruses, an envelope of fat that surrounds and protects them when they are not contained within a host cell. Viruses vary in shape from the simple helical and icosahedral to more complex structures. Viruses range in size from 20 to 300 nanometres; it would take 30,000 to 750,000 of them, side by side, to stretch to 1 centimetre (0.39 in).Viruses spread in many ways. Just as many viruses are very specific as to which host species or tissue they attack, each species of virus relies on a particular method for propagation. Plant viruses are often spread from plant to plant by insects and other organisms, known as vectors. Some viruses of animals, including humans, are spread by exposure to infected bodily fluids. Viruses such as influenza are spread through the air by droplets of moisture when people cough or sneeze. Viruses such as norovirus are transmitted by the faecal–oral route, which involves the contamination of hands, food and water. Rotavirus is often spread by direct contact with infected children. The human immunodeficiency virus, HIV, is transmitted by bodily fluids transferred during sex. Others, such as the Dengue virus, are spread by blood-sucking insects.Viral infections can cause disease in humans, animals and even plants. However, they are usually eliminated by the immune system, conferring lifetime immunity to the host for that virus. Antibiotics have no effect on viruses, but antiviral drugs have been developed to treat life-threatening infections. Vaccines that produce lifelong immunity can prevent some viral infections.