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Viral pathogenesis
... •Viruses released from the apical surface host cells cause localized limited infection. •Viruses released from the basement membrane of host cells can spread systemically. •The bloodstream is the best route for systemic viral infection. •Referred to as hematogenous dissemination •Viremia refers to v ...
... •Viruses released from the apical surface host cells cause localized limited infection. •Viruses released from the basement membrane of host cells can spread systemically. •The bloodstream is the best route for systemic viral infection. •Referred to as hematogenous dissemination •Viremia refers to v ...
Exam 3 BIO 308 Spring 2014
... If there appears to be more than one answer, choose the BEST ANSWER (Chapters 16-24). 1. Which of the following is NOT considered as an innate host defense? A. skin and mucous membrane B. saliva and gastric juices C. phagocytic cells D. complement E. all of the above are considered as innate host de ...
... If there appears to be more than one answer, choose the BEST ANSWER (Chapters 16-24). 1. Which of the following is NOT considered as an innate host defense? A. skin and mucous membrane B. saliva and gastric juices C. phagocytic cells D. complement E. all of the above are considered as innate host de ...
MD0808 1-1 LESSON ASSIGNMENT LESSON 1 Introduction to
... a. Characteristics. Viruses are the smallest microorganisms. A virus can only be seen with the aid of an electron microscope. The diameter of the smallest viruses can be as little as 10 millimicrons (or 39/1,000,000,000 of an inch). Because of their size, most viruses can easily pass through filters ...
... a. Characteristics. Viruses are the smallest microorganisms. A virus can only be seen with the aid of an electron microscope. The diameter of the smallest viruses can be as little as 10 millimicrons (or 39/1,000,000,000 of an inch). Because of their size, most viruses can easily pass through filters ...
08_9_Fact_Path_Vir_1_2_2012 - IS MU
... - forms only during the lifetime after the contact with the agent - develops only in a particular individual - protects also against virulent strains of obligate pathogens - starts to operate relatively late, after immune reaction has developed - after repeated contact it acts more quickly and effic ...
... - forms only during the lifetime after the contact with the agent - develops only in a particular individual - protects also against virulent strains of obligate pathogens - starts to operate relatively late, after immune reaction has developed - after repeated contact it acts more quickly and effic ...
RESPIRATORY TRACT INFECTIONS
... viruses might be better protected against this viral subtype than those who were first exposed to other influenza A subtypes, H2N2 and H3N2, at a later date . ...
... viruses might be better protected against this viral subtype than those who were first exposed to other influenza A subtypes, H2N2 and H3N2, at a later date . ...
Chapter 8
... 1. Caused by a type of equine herpes virus. 2. Majority of adult horses are infected with this virus from natural exposure. 3. Fever, mucous discharge, coughing, enlarged lymph nodes. 4. Humans cannot get Rhino. TETANUS 1. Caused by a neurotoxin produced from an anaerobic spore, tetani. 2. Introduce ...
... 1. Caused by a type of equine herpes virus. 2. Majority of adult horses are infected with this virus from natural exposure. 3. Fever, mucous discharge, coughing, enlarged lymph nodes. 4. Humans cannot get Rhino. TETANUS 1. Caused by a neurotoxin produced from an anaerobic spore, tetani. 2. Introduce ...
The Origin of Plagues: Old and New
... establishment of a toxin-producing strain in an individual not immune to TSS under conditions that favor the formation of the toxin. Such conditions prevailed with the introduction of certain brands of hyperabsorbent tampons. Their prolonged intravaginal use enhanced the aerobic surface area in the ...
... establishment of a toxin-producing strain in an individual not immune to TSS under conditions that favor the formation of the toxin. Such conditions prevailed with the introduction of certain brands of hyperabsorbent tampons. Their prolonged intravaginal use enhanced the aerobic surface area in the ...
Big, Bigger, Biggest - Yale Peabody Museum of Natural History
... Create models of a virus, a bacterium and a protozoan to illustrate the size and scale comparison. (Assume that the average protozoan is approximately the same size as a skin cell.) Topics covered include microorganisms, pathogens, characteristics of life, prokaryotes and eukaryotes, the nature of a ...
... Create models of a virus, a bacterium and a protozoan to illustrate the size and scale comparison. (Assume that the average protozoan is approximately the same size as a skin cell.) Topics covered include microorganisms, pathogens, characteristics of life, prokaryotes and eukaryotes, the nature of a ...
Viruses – Invisible Invaders, Amazing Allies
... Retroviruses - unique RNA virus bring in enzyme called reverse transcriptase (RT) RT makes a dsDNA copy of viral ssRNA genome DNA then moves to nucleus where incorporated into cell DNA, then viral genes transcribe mRNA and translated ...
... Retroviruses - unique RNA virus bring in enzyme called reverse transcriptase (RT) RT makes a dsDNA copy of viral ssRNA genome DNA then moves to nucleus where incorporated into cell DNA, then viral genes transcribe mRNA and translated ...
An enzyme inhibitor - Facultad de Bioquímica y Ciencias Biológicas
... been discovered, and a sterile filtrate which had been prepared from the fully grown culture had been observed to cause death when injected into experimental animals. What autopsies revealed was that these animals showed the characteristic lesions associated with the specific natural infection. The ...
... been discovered, and a sterile filtrate which had been prepared from the fully grown culture had been observed to cause death when injected into experimental animals. What autopsies revealed was that these animals showed the characteristic lesions associated with the specific natural infection. The ...
Selected text for Sweetpotato chlorotic stunt crinivirus
... properties of closterovirus-like particles associated with a whitefly-transmitted disease of sweet potato. Annals Applied of Biology, 121: 257-268. Di Feo L, Nome SF, Biderbost E, Fuentes S, and Salazar LF, 1999. Etiology of sweet potato chlorotic dwarf disease in Argentina. Plant Disease (in press) ...
... properties of closterovirus-like particles associated with a whitefly-transmitted disease of sweet potato. Annals Applied of Biology, 121: 257-268. Di Feo L, Nome SF, Biderbost E, Fuentes S, and Salazar LF, 1999. Etiology of sweet potato chlorotic dwarf disease in Argentina. Plant Disease (in press) ...
This article - WordPress.com
... person…one person managed to create all kinds of havoc, and that was not the way people thought about biological weapons when they signed the BWC." The response to bioterrorism - send in the scientists! Dr. Michael Kurilla directs the office of Biodefense, Research Resources, and Translational Resea ...
... person…one person managed to create all kinds of havoc, and that was not the way people thought about biological weapons when they signed the BWC." The response to bioterrorism - send in the scientists! Dr. Michael Kurilla directs the office of Biodefense, Research Resources, and Translational Resea ...
Selected text for Sweetpotato chlorotic stunt crinivirus
... properties of closterovirus-like particles associated with a whitefly-transmitted disease of sweet potato. Annals Applied of Biology, 121: 257-268. Di Feo L, Nome SF, Biderbost E, Fuentes S, and Salazar LF, 1999. Etiology of sweet potato chlorotic dwarf disease in Argentina. Plant Disease (in press) ...
... properties of closterovirus-like particles associated with a whitefly-transmitted disease of sweet potato. Annals Applied of Biology, 121: 257-268. Di Feo L, Nome SF, Biderbost E, Fuentes S, and Salazar LF, 1999. Etiology of sweet potato chlorotic dwarf disease in Argentina. Plant Disease (in press) ...
Unit 11: Classification and a very Brief Survey of Kingdoms
... – one of the largest and ___________________________ groups of bacteria, and contain several subgroups that are extremely diverse. – Members of this group include bacteria of the genus ___________________, the genus ________________________, and the bacterium Escherichia coli. – Gram-Positive Bacter ...
... – one of the largest and ___________________________ groups of bacteria, and contain several subgroups that are extremely diverse. – Members of this group include bacteria of the genus ___________________, the genus ________________________, and the bacterium Escherichia coli. – Gram-Positive Bacter ...
The Lassa Virus Nucleoprotein Exhibits Conformational Control of
... Lassa virus is endemic in Western Africa, and is the most common cause of viral hemorrhagic fever, infecting an estimated 300,000-500,000 people annually. It is also the hemorrhagic fever most frequently transported out of Africa to the United States and Europe. Understanding the key proteins of Las ...
... Lassa virus is endemic in Western Africa, and is the most common cause of viral hemorrhagic fever, infecting an estimated 300,000-500,000 people annually. It is also the hemorrhagic fever most frequently transported out of Africa to the United States and Europe. Understanding the key proteins of Las ...
Chapter 28 Notes
... • Four types of herpesviruses that cause disease in humans – Herpes simplex type 1: cold sores and fever blisters – Herpes simplex type 2: genital herpes – Herpes zoster: chickenpox and shingles – Epstein-Barr virus: infectious mononucleosis ...
... • Four types of herpesviruses that cause disease in humans – Herpes simplex type 1: cold sores and fever blisters – Herpes simplex type 2: genital herpes – Herpes zoster: chickenpox and shingles – Epstein-Barr virus: infectious mononucleosis ...
dsRNA viruses
... transcripts are extruded from the particles. The positive strand of satellite RNA M1, or deletion mutants of L-A or M1, on the other hand, often remain within the particle where they are replicated to give two or more dsRNA molecules per particle (headful replication). The positive ssRNA of ScVL-A i ...
... transcripts are extruded from the particles. The positive strand of satellite RNA M1, or deletion mutants of L-A or M1, on the other hand, often remain within the particle where they are replicated to give two or more dsRNA molecules per particle (headful replication). The positive ssRNA of ScVL-A i ...
Slide 1
... Lytic: virus genetic material used quickly to take over cell, then lysis occurs to release newly made viruses. Influenza and Ebola ...
... Lytic: virus genetic material used quickly to take over cell, then lysis occurs to release newly made viruses. Influenza and Ebola ...
ch17
... One circular, double-stranded DNA molecule that contains genes responsible for metabolism, cell growth, and cell replication. This circular DNA molecule is usually attached at one point to the plasma membrane. The bacterial DNA is sometimes called the genophore. The chromosome of bacteria contains ...
... One circular, double-stranded DNA molecule that contains genes responsible for metabolism, cell growth, and cell replication. This circular DNA molecule is usually attached at one point to the plasma membrane. The bacterial DNA is sometimes called the genophore. The chromosome of bacteria contains ...
chapter 8 emerging and re-emerging infectious diseases
... transmitted through bites. • Birds are the primary hosts (Crow and Cardinals) • Infection is spread from bird to bird by mosquitoes. ...
... transmitted through bites. • Birds are the primary hosts (Crow and Cardinals) • Infection is spread from bird to bird by mosquitoes. ...
Medical Microbiology Shanghai Medical College of Fudan
... (2) Diagnostic laboratory tests for the diseases caused by Salmonella, including bacteriologic methods for isolation of salmonella, serologic methods (3) Treatment, Epidemiology, Prevention and Control, including carriers, source of infection (water, milk and other dairy products, shellfish, dried o ...
... (2) Diagnostic laboratory tests for the diseases caused by Salmonella, including bacteriologic methods for isolation of salmonella, serologic methods (3) Treatment, Epidemiology, Prevention and Control, including carriers, source of infection (water, milk and other dairy products, shellfish, dried o ...
Viruses of Bacteria - Morgan Community College
... Virus Interactions with Host Cells Effect on cells depends on infecting phage ...
... Virus Interactions with Host Cells Effect on cells depends on infecting phage ...
Basic Microbiology: Understanding Your Enemies
... Water transports food into cell & removes waste Both organic & inorganic materials are utilized as food Requirements of food types and quantity needed varies by bacteria type ...
... Water transports food into cell & removes waste Both organic & inorganic materials are utilized as food Requirements of food types and quantity needed varies by bacteria type ...
Viruses, Bacteria
... • Because the infected cells are still able to function normally, an infected person may not appear sick, but they can still transmit the virus in their body fluids. ...
... • Because the infected cells are still able to function normally, an infected person may not appear sick, but they can still transmit the virus in their body fluids. ...
Introduction to viruses
![](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Rotavirus_Reconstruction.jpg?width=300)
A virus is a biological agent that reproduces inside the cells of living hosts. When infected by a virus, a host cell is forced to produce many thousands of identical copies of the original virus, at an extraordinary rate. Unlike most living things, viruses do not have cells that divide; new viruses are assembled in the infected host cell. But unlike still simpler infectious agents, viruses contain genes, which gives them the ability to mutate and evolve. Over 5,000 species of viruses have been discovered.The origins of viruses are unclear: some may have evolved from plasmids—pieces of DNA that can move between cells—while others may have evolved from bacteria. A virus consists of two or three parts: genes, made from either DNA or RNA, long molecules that carry genetic information; a protein coat that protects the genes; and in some viruses, an envelope of fat that surrounds and protects them when they are not contained within a host cell. Viruses vary in shape from the simple helical and icosahedral to more complex structures. Viruses range in size from 20 to 300 nanometres; it would take 30,000 to 750,000 of them, side by side, to stretch to 1 centimetre (0.39 in).Viruses spread in many ways. Just as many viruses are very specific as to which host species or tissue they attack, each species of virus relies on a particular method for propagation. Plant viruses are often spread from plant to plant by insects and other organisms, known as vectors. Some viruses of animals, including humans, are spread by exposure to infected bodily fluids. Viruses such as influenza are spread through the air by droplets of moisture when people cough or sneeze. Viruses such as norovirus are transmitted by the faecal–oral route, which involves the contamination of hands, food and water. Rotavirus is often spread by direct contact with infected children. The human immunodeficiency virus, HIV, is transmitted by bodily fluids transferred during sex. Others, such as the Dengue virus, are spread by blood-sucking insects.Viral infections can cause disease in humans, animals and even plants. However, they are usually eliminated by the immune system, conferring lifetime immunity to the host for that virus. Antibiotics have no effect on viruses, but antiviral drugs have been developed to treat life-threatening infections. Vaccines that produce lifelong immunity can prevent some viral infections.