animal health - Fødevarestyrelsen
... In 2006, 13 herds remained restricted as BVD infected herds (Figure 1). It was then decided to discontinue the BVD herd status testing programme and replace it by a national BVD surveillance programme, while keeping the remaining infected herds under movement restrictions. The BVD surveillance progr ...
... In 2006, 13 herds remained restricted as BVD infected herds (Figure 1). It was then decided to discontinue the BVD herd status testing programme and replace it by a national BVD surveillance programme, while keeping the remaining infected herds under movement restrictions. The BVD surveillance progr ...
Infectious diseases epidemiology
... J Epidemiol Community Health 2006;60:192–195. doi: 10.1136/jech.2003.011593 ...
... J Epidemiol Community Health 2006;60:192–195. doi: 10.1136/jech.2003.011593 ...
Determination of More Specific Causes of Mortality in a
... determine the cause of death. The diagnosis of Mycoplasma bovis seen during gross necropsy was only confirmed by histology and not IHC or cultures. Statistical analysis Detailed information about the necropsied animal including: the feedlot of origin, identification, sex, class, days on feed, date o ...
... determine the cause of death. The diagnosis of Mycoplasma bovis seen during gross necropsy was only confirmed by histology and not IHC or cultures. Statistical analysis Detailed information about the necropsied animal including: the feedlot of origin, identification, sex, class, days on feed, date o ...
DRAFT 1.12.05 NEON Infectious Diseases Subcommittee
... preserved using standard accepted methods and blood and tissue samples removed and frozen in liquid nitrogen, all containing the voucher specimens unique number. The specimens should also be properly archived in an appropriate collection. The Manter Laboratory of Parasitology in Lincoln, Nebraska, a ...
... preserved using standard accepted methods and blood and tissue samples removed and frozen in liquid nitrogen, all containing the voucher specimens unique number. The specimens should also be properly archived in an appropriate collection. The Manter Laboratory of Parasitology in Lincoln, Nebraska, a ...
Models for heartwater epidemiology: Practical implications and suggestions for future research T. YONOW
... of enzootic stability has been raised (e.g. Bezuidenhout 1985; Meltzer eta/. 1995). As defined by Callow (1977), enzootic stability is a situation in which there is frequent transmission of the parasites, and infection of all young animals occurs during the period when they are protected by age-rela ...
... of enzootic stability has been raised (e.g. Bezuidenhout 1985; Meltzer eta/. 1995). As defined by Callow (1977), enzootic stability is a situation in which there is frequent transmission of the parasites, and infection of all young animals occurs during the period when they are protected by age-rela ...
How to make predictions about future infectious disease risks
... Figure 1. Non-linearities in infection dynamics. (a) Force-of-infection and duration of an outbreak. Reduced force-of-infection can increase the expected duration of an outbreak, as illustrated by two numerical realizations of the standard susceptible–latent–infectious–recovered (SLIR) model [3]. Bo ...
... Figure 1. Non-linearities in infection dynamics. (a) Force-of-infection and duration of an outbreak. Reduced force-of-infection can increase the expected duration of an outbreak, as illustrated by two numerical realizations of the standard susceptible–latent–infectious–recovered (SLIR) model [3]. Bo ...
Emerging trends in plasma-free manufacturing of
... processes could the risk of infectious disease transmission from recombinant products be totally eliminated. Such plasma-free recombinant proteins were classified as third generation products. The first recombinant FVIII product that fit these criteria, (Advate, Baxter), became available in the US i ...
... processes could the risk of infectious disease transmission from recombinant products be totally eliminated. Such plasma-free recombinant proteins were classified as third generation products. The first recombinant FVIII product that fit these criteria, (Advate, Baxter), became available in the US i ...
Mycobacterium ulcerans disease (Buruli ulcer) FACT SHEET
... East Gippsland, Phillip Island, Frankston-Langwarrin and the Bellarine Peninsula. Although human cases occur in Queensland and the Northern Territory, there have been no confirmed cases of M. ulcerans disease in wildlife in those states. ...
... East Gippsland, Phillip Island, Frankston-Langwarrin and the Bellarine Peninsula. Although human cases occur in Queensland and the Northern Territory, there have been no confirmed cases of M. ulcerans disease in wildlife in those states. ...
Incidence of Mixed Infection in Coryza Cases
... coryza is an upper respiratory disease of chickens caused by infection with H. paragallinarum (HPG). The disease is characterized by swollen infraorbital sinuses, nasal discharge, and depression. The disease is seen most commonly in adult chickens and can cause a very significant reduction in the ra ...
... coryza is an upper respiratory disease of chickens caused by infection with H. paragallinarum (HPG). The disease is characterized by swollen infraorbital sinuses, nasal discharge, and depression. The disease is seen most commonly in adult chickens and can cause a very significant reduction in the ra ...
Serological investigation of chlamydial infection among ruminants in
... Zoonotic potential of C. abortus is significant especially in pregnant women, who are in close contact with infected and carrier animals (Nietfeld, 2001; Pospischil et al., 2002; Walder et al., 2005). So it is essential to undertake serological studies to detect infected and carrier animals to avoi ...
... Zoonotic potential of C. abortus is significant especially in pregnant women, who are in close contact with infected and carrier animals (Nietfeld, 2001; Pospischil et al., 2002; Walder et al., 2005). So it is essential to undertake serological studies to detect infected and carrier animals to avoi ...
... cycle imply continuity or rupture? (5) What is the current significance of serological tests, and how are borderline individuals diagnosed as normal or diseased? In the following paragraphs we try to answer each of the queries listed above. (1) An extensive review of the literature shows how diagnos ...
Transporting Biological Materials - EHS UArk
... not limited to excreta, secreta, blood, blood components, tissue, and tissue fluids being shipped for the purpose of diagnosis. Patient specimens that have a minimal likelihood of containing pathogens are regulated materials, but they are also exempt from many shipping requirements. Professional jud ...
... not limited to excreta, secreta, blood, blood components, tissue, and tissue fluids being shipped for the purpose of diagnosis. Patient specimens that have a minimal likelihood of containing pathogens are regulated materials, but they are also exempt from many shipping requirements. Professional jud ...
Agent behavior becomes important when considering animal
... is destroyed. On day 10 the outbreak of the disease is contained with H2, H3, H5, H1, H4, H8, destroyed and H6, H7, H9, H10, and H11 unaffected. Now suppose that it takes 6 days to trace any given animal movement. On day 8 after introduction of the disease the signs show up on herds H3, H5, and H1. ...
... is destroyed. On day 10 the outbreak of the disease is contained with H2, H3, H5, H1, H4, H8, destroyed and H6, H7, H9, H10, and H11 unaffected. Now suppose that it takes 6 days to trace any given animal movement. On day 8 after introduction of the disease the signs show up on herds H3, H5, and H1. ...
Predicting the Spread of an Infectious Disease
... Ugis Bickis is an Environmental Hygienist who teaches at Queens University in Kingston. He’s been studying the effectiveness of masks for years. But he found a little surprise when he went shopping recently. We bought N95s, the ones recommended for health care workers. Then we randomly picked a proc ...
... Ugis Bickis is an Environmental Hygienist who teaches at Queens University in Kingston. He’s been studying the effectiveness of masks for years. But he found a little surprise when he went shopping recently. We bought N95s, the ones recommended for health care workers. Then we randomly picked a proc ...
Prion hypothesis: the end of the controversy?
... disease spontaneously [38–40]. In other words, the disease in these animals might have resulted by acceleration, induced by the injected material, of a pre-existing condition produced by transgenesis, as is the case in transgenic mice that overexpress mutant PrP [28]. Recent work using a different p ...
... disease spontaneously [38–40]. In other words, the disease in these animals might have resulted by acceleration, induced by the injected material, of a pre-existing condition produced by transgenesis, as is the case in transgenic mice that overexpress mutant PrP [28]. Recent work using a different p ...
Lumpy Skin Disease Abstract - Reproductive Immunology: Open
... the severity of disease. Both male and female, all age groups and various species and breeds of cattle are considered to be at risk and can get LSD infection, which may followed by severe and serious complications. Among more famous breeds, Bostaurus breeds of cattle are more susceptible for the dis ...
... the severity of disease. Both male and female, all age groups and various species and breeds of cattle are considered to be at risk and can get LSD infection, which may followed by severe and serious complications. Among more famous breeds, Bostaurus breeds of cattle are more susceptible for the dis ...
A simulation model of intraherd transmission of foot and mouth
... basic adherence to biologic and epidemiologic principles. One of these principles is that the speed at which the virus is transmitted from animal to animal is dynamic in that initially after introduction into a herd, transmission takes place relatively slowly and then, as more animals become infecti ...
... basic adherence to biologic and epidemiologic principles. One of these principles is that the speed at which the virus is transmitted from animal to animal is dynamic in that initially after introduction into a herd, transmission takes place relatively slowly and then, as more animals become infecti ...
Chain of infection - Home - KSU Faculty Member websites
... 1. They do not show any clinical manifestation so they carry normal life. 2. The carrier and his contacts are not aware of their condition so, they take no precautions. 3. It is difficult to discover them. 4. It is not always possible to deal with them. 5. Chronic carriers can remain infectious for ...
... 1. They do not show any clinical manifestation so they carry normal life. 2. The carrier and his contacts are not aware of their condition so, they take no precautions. 3. It is difficult to discover them. 4. It is not always possible to deal with them. 5. Chronic carriers can remain infectious for ...
Diseases of Young Calves
... persistently-infected (PI) calves, which have been infected with the virus before birth, although some PIs show little or no ill effects. This disease is the subject of a national eradication programme being promoted by Animal Health Ireland, and based on testing of newborn calves for the virus. Mor ...
... persistently-infected (PI) calves, which have been infected with the virus before birth, although some PIs show little or no ill effects. This disease is the subject of a national eradication programme being promoted by Animal Health Ireland, and based on testing of newborn calves for the virus. Mor ...
Emerging Infectious Diseases at the Beginning of the 21st Century
... Emerging, or re-emerging, infectious agents or diseases began to be identified in the late 1960s and early 1970s, but it was not until the early 1990s that their potential impact began to attract significant attention. The most recent 2003 report from the IOM entitled "Microbial Threats to Health: E ...
... Emerging, or re-emerging, infectious agents or diseases began to be identified in the late 1960s and early 1970s, but it was not until the early 1990s that their potential impact began to attract significant attention. The most recent 2003 report from the IOM entitled "Microbial Threats to Health: E ...
A Flexible Spatial Framework for Modeling Spread of Pathogens in
... number of infected animals present before an outbreak would be detected, but can be changed as necessary. We applied the two-level mathematical model of epidemic disease to simulate disease spread among a multi-species susceptible host population for two pathogens, FMD and HPAI. Both sets of simulat ...
... number of infected animals present before an outbreak would be detected, but can be changed as necessary. We applied the two-level mathematical model of epidemic disease to simulate disease spread among a multi-species susceptible host population for two pathogens, FMD and HPAI. Both sets of simulat ...
Lyme Disease in Washington State
... radiation. The most efficient wildlife reservoirs are whiteEffective treatment depends on a partnership between physician and patient. Lyme patients may work with family footed mice, eastern chipmunks, shrews, American practice, infectious disease, and naturopathic physicians. robins, and, possibly, ...
... radiation. The most efficient wildlife reservoirs are whiteEffective treatment depends on a partnership between physician and patient. Lyme patients may work with family footed mice, eastern chipmunks, shrews, American practice, infectious disease, and naturopathic physicians. robins, and, possibly, ...
5 - San Francisco Bay Area Advanced Practice Center
... of movement of persons who may have been exposed to a communicable disease, in order to prevent contact with unexposed persons. The quarantine period is equal to the longest usual incubation period (time from exposure to development of symptoms). These strategies apply to person-to-person transmitte ...
... of movement of persons who may have been exposed to a communicable disease, in order to prevent contact with unexposed persons. The quarantine period is equal to the longest usual incubation period (time from exposure to development of symptoms). These strategies apply to person-to-person transmitte ...
74. Status of foot-and-mouth disease in Pakistan
... was noted between the months of January to March during the period of 2002-07, which may be attributed to the livestock movement in the country due to religious festival, Eidul Azha, in which the animals are slaughtered. 1. INTRODUCTION Foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) is an infectious and highly contag ...
... was noted between the months of January to March during the period of 2002-07, which may be attributed to the livestock movement in the country due to religious festival, Eidul Azha, in which the animals are slaughtered. 1. INTRODUCTION Foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) is an infectious and highly contag ...
Could the `Black Death` Become a Re
... seemingly evolved several thousand years ago from a far more benign, gut dwelling bug called Y. pseudotuberculosi (one of a group of relatively benign intestinal diseases). Y. pestis is a facultative anaerobic Gramnegative rod-shaped bacterium. It is unknown if Y. pestis caused all causes of plague ...
... seemingly evolved several thousand years ago from a far more benign, gut dwelling bug called Y. pseudotuberculosi (one of a group of relatively benign intestinal diseases). Y. pestis is a facultative anaerobic Gramnegative rod-shaped bacterium. It is unknown if Y. pestis caused all causes of plague ...
Bovine spongiform encephalopathy
Bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE), commonly known as mad cow disease, is a fatal neurodegenerative disease (encephalopathy) in cattle that causes a spongy degeneration in the brain and spinal cord. BSE has a long incubation period, about 2.5 to 8 years, usually affecting adult cattle at a peak age onset of four to five years, all breeds being equally susceptible. BSE is caused by a misfolded protein--a prion. In the United Kingdom, the country worst affected, more than 180,000 cattle have been infected and 4.4 million slaughtered during the eradication program.The disease may be most easily transmitted to human beings by eating food contaminated with the brain, spinal cord or digestive tract of infected carcasses. However, the infectious agent, although most highly concentrated in nervous tissue, can be found in virtually all tissues throughout the body, including blood. In humans, it is known as new variant Creutzfeldt–Jakob disease (vCJD or nvCJD), and by June 2014 it had killed 177 people in the United Kingdom, and 52 elsewhere. Between 460,000 and 482,000 BSE-infected animals had entered the human food chain before controls on high-risk offal were introduced in 1989.A British and Irish inquiry into BSE concluded the epizootic was caused by cattle, which are normally herbivores, being fed the remains of other cattle in the form of meat and bone meal (MBM), which caused the infectious agent to spread. The cause of BSE may be from the contamination of MBM from sheep with scrapie that were processed in the same slaughterhouse. The epidemic was probably accelerated by the recycling of infected bovine tissues prior to the recognition of BSE. The origin of the disease itself remains unknown. The infectious agent is distinctive for the high temperatures at which it remains viable, over 600 °C (about 1100 °F). This contributed to the spread of the disease in the United Kingdom, which had reduced the temperatures used during its rendering process. Another contributory factor was the feeding of infected protein supplements to very young calves.