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Earth Science Vocab for CAT6 Test
Earth Science Vocab for CAT6 Test

... Glaciers: Thick sheet of ice formed in areas where more snow falls than melts Valley glacier: Formed in high mountains Continental glacier: Formed over large areas of land (ex. Greenland and Antarctica) Mass movement: Downward movement of rock and soil Mudslide Sudden movement ...
rethinking sulfidization and the role of hydrogen sulfide
rethinking sulfidization and the role of hydrogen sulfide

... sulfidization reaction that generates hydrogen as a product instead of consuming oxygen as a reactant (these reactions are in our abstract). • We envision that S of aqueous sulfate in tidal marsh and coastal subaqueous soils is the prime microbial oxidizer of organic matter with H2S/HSas a product. ...
ecologyweathering-erosion-and-changes-in-the-earth
ecologyweathering-erosion-and-changes-in-the-earth

... rocks and later freezing, expanding, and breaking rocks apart. o Exfoliation: The process of the outer layers of rock being stripped away. What is mechanical weathering and what factors are involved? Mechanical weathering exposes more surface area than chemical weathering and breaks apart a rock wit ...
Chapter 5: The Biogeochemical Cycles
Chapter 5: The Biogeochemical Cycles

... through the four major components of Earth’s system. • Atmosphere • Hydrosphere • Lithosphere • Biosphere ...


... Planting – If you purchased containerized plants, set them at the same depth at which they were grown. Carefully remove the plant from the pot, break up any roots that are growing in a circular pattern on the bottom of the soil ball, and set the plant in the hole. Firm soil back around the soil ball ...
Introduction to Geography
Introduction to Geography

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Excavations (Part 1)

... A designated competent person who has training in soil analysis, protective systems, and federal or state regulatory requirements for excavations must be on site to classify the soil, select a protective system, oversee installation, and inspect the system after installation. If there are no existin ...
Brassica-napus
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... Moderate seed spread rate; the greatest potential for the movement of canola seeds is from postharvest spillage by agricultural machinery or during transportation away from the production areas. Asexual propagation: there are no reports of vegetative reproduction under field conditions Growth rate: ...
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... Weathering -A slow process that uses temperature, gases, and water to break down rocks and other substances into smaller pieces. Physical Weathering -Process by which rock is physically broken into smaller pieces, but maintains its original material. Chemical Weathering -Due to this process, rock is ...
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... resource. Soil is a thin layer in which plants can grow. Soil is not all the same. It has different layers. The layer on top is made of humus (HYOO-muss). Humus is dark brown or black. It is made of the remains of plants and animals that were once alive. As leaves and other remains rot, they become ...
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... soil. Their burrows make large passageways, lined with the earthworm castings, for roots to grow. Also, as the earthworms burrow, they create channels which increase the capacity for the soil to hold water. In soil where earthworms have been introduced, there in less run-off of water Worm castings, ...
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Dissolved organic phosphorus (DOP) and its potential role for

... During ecosystem development and soil formation, primary mineral sources of phosphorus are becoming increasingly depleted. Inorganic phosphorus forms tend to be bound strongly to or within secondary minerals, thus, are hardly available to plants and are not leached from soil. What about organic form ...
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... We tend to think of weathering as destructive because it mars statues and building fronts. As rock is destroyed, however, valuable products can be created. Soil is produced by rock weathering, so most plants depend on weathering for the soil they need in order to grow. Weathering products dissolved ...
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Water on the Earth

... been working to better understand the phenomenon. In 1965, American scientists came up with the Universal Soil Loss Equation, a way to estimate soil erosion by raindrop impact and surface runoff. The mathematical equation has since been applied all over the world, helping scientists predict which co ...
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... Major reservoirs are usually in the abiotic environment (rocks, water, atmosphere) ...
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Inner Structure of the Earth 3. Mantle

... cracks in certain rocks (limestone) it dissolves the rocks away. Examples: caves ...
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... climate and the characteristics of plants helps in making choices about what to plant. Edaphic environment of a plant is the soil, including mulches on the soil. Pollution threatens plants. Air, water, and soil pollution are major concerns. Depletion of the ozone layer, increasing carbon dioxide, an ...
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Optimal soil structure for plant growth

... depth and location of any further soil measurements required to diagnose soil problems. One such integrative structural test is the Least Limiting Water Range, which integrates soil aeration, field capacity, soil mechanical resistance and wilting point into ...
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... Identify the merits and limits of each method (arithmetic, thiessen, isohyetal). Time of concentration? – What are the factors that can affect Tc (from up stream to down)? (obsicales like rock and roots). What is DRH? L18 Estimate snowmelt: M? ...
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TEST #1 CH`s 4, 5, 10 FRQ`s

... 4. Read the following article from the Fremont Examiner “Worm Invasion”: A researcher studying the ecology of the deciduous forest outside of Fremont has made an alarming discovery. While taking an inventory on the species present on the forest floor, Professor Tate discovered many earthworms of an ...
View DOC File - Plant Accession at Lake Wilderness Arboretum
View DOC File - Plant Accession at Lake Wilderness Arboretum

... concentrations of clay and other minerals with some organic material. Roots of some plants, especially trees, can penetrate this layer of soil. The “C” layer of soil is the parent material from which upper layers are Soil Layers derived. In the case of the arboretum, this parent material is mostly g ...
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Pedosphere

The pedosphere (from Greek πέδον pedon ""soil"" or ""earth"" and σφαίρα sfaíra ""sphere"") is the outermost layer of the Earth that is composed of soil and subject to soil formation processes. It exists at the interface of the lithosphere, atmosphere, hydrosphere and biosphere. The sum total of all the organisms, soils, water and air is termed as the ""pedosphere"". The pedosphere is the skin of the Earth and only develops when there is a dynamic interaction between the atmosphere (air in and above the soil), biosphere (living organisms), lithosphere (unconsolidated regolith and consolidated bedrock) and the hydrosphere (water in, on and below the soil). The pedosphere is the foundation of terrestrial life on this planet. There is a realization that the pedosphere needs to be distinctly recognized as a dynamic interface of all terrestrial ecosystems and be integrated into the Earth System Science knowledge base.The pedosphere acts as the mediator of chemical and biogeochemical flux into and out of these respective systems and is made up of gaseous, mineralic, fluid and biologic components. The pedosphere lies within the Critical Zone, a broader interface that includes vegetation, pedosphere, groundwater aquifer systems, regolith and finally ends at some depth in the bedrock where the biosphere and hydrosphere cease to make significant changes to the chemistry at depth. As part of the larger global system, any particular environment in which soil forms is influenced solely by its geographic position on the globe as climatic, geologic, biologic and anthropogenic changes occur with changes in longitude and latitude.The pedosphere lies below the vegetative cover of the biosphere and above the hydrosphere and lithosphere. The soil forming process (pedogenesis) can begin without the aid of biology but is significantly quickened in the presence of biologic reactions. Soil formation begins with the chemical and/or physical breakdown of minerals to form the initial material that overlies the bedrock substrate. Biology quickens this by secreting acidic compounds (dominantly fulvic acids) that help break rock apart. Particular biologic pioneers are lichen, mosses and seed bearing plants but many other inorganic reactions take place that diversify the chemical makeup of the early soil layer. Once weathering and decomposition products accumulate, a coherent soil body allows the migration of fluids both vertically and laterally through the soil profile causing ion exchange between solid, fluid and gaseous phases. As time progresses, the bulk geochemistry of the soil layer will deviate away from the initial composition of the bedrock and will evolve to a chemistry that reflects the type of reactions that take place in the soil.
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