Biodiversity, Functioning - School of Natural Resources and
... functioning experiments is to assess to what extent biodiversity effects reported in single studies can be generalized across different design variables, system types, and response categories. Ideally, hypotheses about variation between studies should be derived, a priori, from underlying mathematic ...
... functioning experiments is to assess to what extent biodiversity effects reported in single studies can be generalized across different design variables, system types, and response categories. Ideally, hypotheses about variation between studies should be derived, a priori, from underlying mathematic ...
The ecological, economic and public health impacts of nuisance
... chironomids between and within biogeographical regions would be nearly impossible. However, natural limitations to long distance movement may be bypassed by being transported by airplane or boat. Moreover, as waters undergo eutrophication and more man-made aquatic structures are constructed, chirono ...
... chironomids between and within biogeographical regions would be nearly impossible. However, natural limitations to long distance movement may be bypassed by being transported by airplane or boat. Moreover, as waters undergo eutrophication and more man-made aquatic structures are constructed, chirono ...
What, if anything, is sympatric speciation?
... Kawecki (2004): Speciation is sympatric if ‘the restriction and eventual elimination of gene flow between the two species occurs gradually as a consequence of evolutionary (i.e. genetically based) change’, and ‘the entire process takes place diffusively over a large area, isolation by distance is no ...
... Kawecki (2004): Speciation is sympatric if ‘the restriction and eventual elimination of gene flow between the two species occurs gradually as a consequence of evolutionary (i.e. genetically based) change’, and ‘the entire process takes place diffusively over a large area, isolation by distance is no ...
Chapter 1 in Falk et al. 2005 - Ecology and Evolutionary Biology
... field of ecology. Regardless of their specialty, ecologists will likely benefit by testing theory in a restoration context (Palmer et al. 1997; Young et al. 2001). As Bradshaw (1987) noted, restoration is the “acid-test of ecological theory.” If we cannot predict the development of a community at a ...
... field of ecology. Regardless of their specialty, ecologists will likely benefit by testing theory in a restoration context (Palmer et al. 1997; Young et al. 2001). As Bradshaw (1987) noted, restoration is the “acid-test of ecological theory.” If we cannot predict the development of a community at a ...
Causes and Consequences of Plant Spatial Patterns in Natural and
... University. I would also like to thank family, friends, and fellow students for help and support over the past five years. Thanks are also due to all those people who assisted with statistical theory, analysis, and interpretation, including Mevin Hooten, Adrian Badderly, Katja Schiffers, Thorsten Wi ...
... University. I would also like to thank family, friends, and fellow students for help and support over the past five years. Thanks are also due to all those people who assisted with statistical theory, analysis, and interpretation, including Mevin Hooten, Adrian Badderly, Katja Schiffers, Thorsten Wi ...
fluence benthic community assemblages in seagrass Examining how landscapes in
... Order Scolecida were most abundant (44.1%), followed by the following orders: Phyllodocida (28.5%), Spionida (10.3), Terebellida (7.8%), Eunicida (3.2%), and (Sabellida 0.7%). Sixteen species of fish were captured in trawl surveys conducted in shallow subtidal and intertidal habitats throughout Casco ...
... Order Scolecida were most abundant (44.1%), followed by the following orders: Phyllodocida (28.5%), Spionida (10.3), Terebellida (7.8%), Eunicida (3.2%), and (Sabellida 0.7%). Sixteen species of fish were captured in trawl surveys conducted in shallow subtidal and intertidal habitats throughout Casco ...
Bringing the Hutchinsonian niche into the 21st century
... moisture values (9). The isopleth r ⫽ 0 defines the niche boundary. Site X is in the niche; sites Y and Z are not. (B) Per-capita growth rate at three locations along a gradient, expressed as functions of local density. Growth is logistic; without movement, maximal growth rate is at n ⫽ 0, and equil ...
... moisture values (9). The isopleth r ⫽ 0 defines the niche boundary. Site X is in the niche; sites Y and Z are not. (B) Per-capita growth rate at three locations along a gradient, expressed as functions of local density. Growth is logistic; without movement, maximal growth rate is at n ⫽ 0, and equil ...
Answer Key - Mandarin High School - Mrs. Brand`s Science Classes
... While closed populations do not pose nearly as many challenges as open populations, there are a number of ways that even a simple mark-recapture study can be undermined and the data skewed by poor experimental design. MARKS ...
... While closed populations do not pose nearly as many challenges as open populations, there are a number of ways that even a simple mark-recapture study can be undermined and the data skewed by poor experimental design. MARKS ...
Community structure and organization of tidepools
... resulting in large spatial variability in bdepool community structure. For this reason, replication in tidepool stuhes should be carefully selected. Because of their variable characteristics, well-defined boundaries and tidepools of manageable size can serve as experimental mesocosms to test general ...
... resulting in large spatial variability in bdepool community structure. For this reason, replication in tidepool stuhes should be carefully selected. Because of their variable characteristics, well-defined boundaries and tidepools of manageable size can serve as experimental mesocosms to test general ...
OSPAR background document on Ocean quahog Arctica islandica
... densities determined from cruises with RV Aurelia and RV Pelagia between 1990 and 1994. A study that examined the ecological requirements of A.islandica and used these to plot its potential distribution in the Dutch sector of the North Sea, suggested that the species could potentially be more widesp ...
... densities determined from cruises with RV Aurelia and RV Pelagia between 1990 and 1994. A study that examined the ecological requirements of A.islandica and used these to plot its potential distribution in the Dutch sector of the North Sea, suggested that the species could potentially be more widesp ...
A Habitat Classification Scheme for The Long Island Sound Region
... that attracts organisms and serves as a center of biological activity". They note that there has been great difficulty in determining at what scale environmental factors effect the distribution and abundance of organisms (i.e., what factors at which scales does an organism respond to in determining ...
... that attracts organisms and serves as a center of biological activity". They note that there has been great difficulty in determining at what scale environmental factors effect the distribution and abundance of organisms (i.e., what factors at which scales does an organism respond to in determining ...
Key Terrestrial Adaptations Were Crucial to the
... a. Binomial nomenclature b. Hierarchical classification. 2. Explain the justification for the proposal to replace Linnaean classification with phylocode designations for monophyletic taxa. 3. Explain the statement: “A phylogenetic tree represents a hypothesis about evolutionary relationships.” 4. Ex ...
... a. Binomial nomenclature b. Hierarchical classification. 2. Explain the justification for the proposal to replace Linnaean classification with phylocode designations for monophyletic taxa. 3. Explain the statement: “A phylogenetic tree represents a hypothesis about evolutionary relationships.” 4. Ex ...
Recovery Strategy for the Butler`s Gartersnake (Thamnophis butleri
... Luther Marsh (Dufferin and Wellington Counties). Further surveys are required to determine if it still exists in other areas including: Skunk’s Misery (Lambton and Middlesex Counties), Parkhill (Middlesex County) and additional locations in the Windsor-Sarnia region. In the United States, Butler’s G ...
... Luther Marsh (Dufferin and Wellington Counties). Further surveys are required to determine if it still exists in other areas including: Skunk’s Misery (Lambton and Middlesex Counties), Parkhill (Middlesex County) and additional locations in the Windsor-Sarnia region. In the United States, Butler’s G ...
Global quantification of contrasting leaf life span strategies for deciduous and
... water accessibility, nutrient availability and light availability. Wright and co-workers found that LLS had different responses to climate variables for deciduous and evergreen species (Wright et al., 2004, 2005). In particular, the LLS of evergreen and deciduous species showed contrasting patterns ...
... water accessibility, nutrient availability and light availability. Wright and co-workers found that LLS had different responses to climate variables for deciduous and evergreen species (Wright et al., 2004, 2005). In particular, the LLS of evergreen and deciduous species showed contrasting patterns ...
Habitat Selection and Indirect Interactions in Fish Communities
... of populations among different habitats (Svärdson, 1949; Werner et al., 1983b; Gilliam & Fraser, 1987; Rosenzweig, 1987; Brown, 1988; Morris, 1988). A reason for this is density-dependent habitat selection, as individuals will move from a more crowded habitat to another less crowded, if it is more p ...
... of populations among different habitats (Svärdson, 1949; Werner et al., 1983b; Gilliam & Fraser, 1987; Rosenzweig, 1987; Brown, 1988; Morris, 1988). A reason for this is density-dependent habitat selection, as individuals will move from a more crowded habitat to another less crowded, if it is more p ...
Deep-Sea Life
... governance. The teaching comprised a combination of lectures, hands-on investigations of benthic fauna (from meio to megafauna) including boat work, sample processing, laboratory observations, data analysis exercises, discussion groups and feedback presentations by participants. The course preparati ...
... governance. The teaching comprised a combination of lectures, hands-on investigations of benthic fauna (from meio to megafauna) including boat work, sample processing, laboratory observations, data analysis exercises, discussion groups and feedback presentations by participants. The course preparati ...
“Missouri Invasions” draft 11Nov00
... and Rohlf 1995). This method was used to select the best model for local abiotic control of invasion success by D. lumholtzi (without the spatial term in eq. 2). The role of spatial location was represented by a non-linear term (the third summation term in eq. 2) describing the position of each lak ...
... and Rohlf 1995). This method was used to select the best model for local abiotic control of invasion success by D. lumholtzi (without the spatial term in eq. 2). The role of spatial location was represented by a non-linear term (the third summation term in eq. 2) describing the position of each lak ...
Biotic vs Abiotic.notebook
... Create a fictitious land, where all of the different types of biotic relationships we talked about exist. For this part of your assignment you can choose to do any of the following A poster A diorama A book A video ...
... Create a fictitious land, where all of the different types of biotic relationships we talked about exist. For this part of your assignment you can choose to do any of the following A poster A diorama A book A video ...
Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology 339:65
... aboveground biomass and leaf surface area were higher within cages, suggesting that although herbivory influenced both seagrass species, T. testudinum was more resistant to herbivory pressure than H. wrightii. Nutrient addition did not alter herbivory rates or the biomass of either species over the ...
... aboveground biomass and leaf surface area were higher within cages, suggesting that although herbivory influenced both seagrass species, T. testudinum was more resistant to herbivory pressure than H. wrightii. Nutrient addition did not alter herbivory rates or the biomass of either species over the ...
in northwestern Madagascar
... region. Each of these two floral zones can be further divided into different vegetation zones along a north-south gradient, ranging from evergreen rain forest, to dry tropical forest, and spiny forest. Furthermore, other factors such as altitude and seasonal rainfall contribute to the complex biome ...
... region. Each of these two floral zones can be further divided into different vegetation zones along a north-south gradient, ranging from evergreen rain forest, to dry tropical forest, and spiny forest. Furthermore, other factors such as altitude and seasonal rainfall contribute to the complex biome ...
Biology Unit B1 - Topic 1
... Construct and use keys to show how species can be identified Explain how organisms are adapted to their environment and how some organisms have characteristics that enable them to survive in extreme environments, including deep-sea hydrothermal vents and polar regions Demonstrate an understanding of ...
... Construct and use keys to show how species can be identified Explain how organisms are adapted to their environment and how some organisms have characteristics that enable them to survive in extreme environments, including deep-sea hydrothermal vents and polar regions Demonstrate an understanding of ...
Trait similarity patterns within grass and grasshopper
... only restricted by competition filters, but can also be limited by predation filters. So from a multitrophic perspective, we suggest that dispersal, fundamental niche, competition, and predation filters interact within and across trophic levels (Fig. 1B). In this multitrophic perspective, different fun ...
... only restricted by competition filters, but can also be limited by predation filters. So from a multitrophic perspective, we suggest that dispersal, fundamental niche, competition, and predation filters interact within and across trophic levels (Fig. 1B). In this multitrophic perspective, different fun ...
Patterns of disturbance and recovery in littoral rock pools
... Femino 81 Mathleson 1980 Sze 1980, 1982), or to biological processes such as predatlon and competition ( D e t h ~ e r1982 L u b c h ~ n r o1982 Chapman 1990, Metaxas & Scheibling 1993) Only one study has considered the role of disturbance in rock pools (Dethler 1984) Thls contrasts with the relativ ...
... Femino 81 Mathleson 1980 Sze 1980, 1982), or to biological processes such as predatlon and competition ( D e t h ~ e r1982 L u b c h ~ n r o1982 Chapman 1990, Metaxas & Scheibling 1993) Only one study has considered the role of disturbance in rock pools (Dethler 1984) Thls contrasts with the relativ ...
Ecological opportunity and the adaptive
... well as generate divergent natural selection within that lineage. Thus, ecological opportunity arises from two fundamental elements: (1) niche availability, the ability of a population with a phenotype previously absent from a community to persist within that community and (2) niche discordance, the ...
... well as generate divergent natural selection within that lineage. Thus, ecological opportunity arises from two fundamental elements: (1) niche availability, the ability of a population with a phenotype previously absent from a community to persist within that community and (2) niche discordance, the ...
Biogeography
Biogeography is the study of the distribution of species and ecosystems in geographic space and through geological time. Organisms and biological communities often vary in a regular fashion along geographic gradients of latitude, elevation, isolation and habitat area. Phytogeography is the branch of biogeography that studies the distribution of plants. Zoogeography is the branch that studies distribution of animals.Knowledge of spatial variation in the numbers and types of organisms is as vital to us today as it was to our early human ancestors, as we adapt to heterogeneous but geographically predictable environments. Biogeography is an integrative field of inquiry that unites concepts and information from ecology, evolutionary biology, geology, and physical geography.Modern biogeographic research combines information and ideas from many fields, from the physiological and ecological constraints on organismal dispersal to geological and climatological phenomena operating at global spatial scales and evolutionary time frames.The short-term interactions within a habitat and species of organisms describe the ecological application of biogeography. Historical biogeography describes the long-term, evolutionary periods of time for broader classifications of organisms. Early scientists, beginning with Carl Linnaeus, contributed theories to the contributions of the development of biogeography as a science. Beginning in the mid-18th century, Europeans explored the world and discovered the biodiversity of life. Linnaeus initiated the ways to classify organisms through his exploration of undiscovered territories.The scientific theory of biogeography grows out of the work of Alexander von Humboldt (1769–1859), Hewett Cottrell Watson (1804–1881), Alphonse de Candolle (1806–1893), Alfred Russel Wallace (1823–1913), Philip Lutley Sclater (1829–1913) and other biologists and explorers.