Biodiversity and ecosystem services: does species diversity
... network, where the Habitat - and Bird Directive are focussed on the protection of biodiversity, regardless of the potential benefits for humans. The question in this report is whether these two approaches, which seem to exist in isolation, could become more integrated, by showing the mutual interdep ...
... network, where the Habitat - and Bird Directive are focussed on the protection of biodiversity, regardless of the potential benefits for humans. The question in this report is whether these two approaches, which seem to exist in isolation, could become more integrated, by showing the mutual interdep ...
Understanding Rangeland Biodiversity
... Rangelands are geographical regions dominated by grass and grass-like species with or without scattered woody plants, occupying between 18–23% of world land area excluding Antarctica. Rangelands are home both to significant concentrations of large mammals and plants with a high value in both leisure ...
... Rangelands are geographical regions dominated by grass and grass-like species with or without scattered woody plants, occupying between 18–23% of world land area excluding Antarctica. Rangelands are home both to significant concentrations of large mammals and plants with a high value in both leisure ...
Detection of alternative stable states in marine communities
... attraction may shift in shape and location in state space with changes in parameters, but different equilibrium states under different parameter conditions cannot be considered alternative stable states. Thus demonstrations that an ecosystem can show abrupt shifts in either equilibrium conditions or ...
... attraction may shift in shape and location in state space with changes in parameters, but different equilibrium states under different parameter conditions cannot be considered alternative stable states. Thus demonstrations that an ecosystem can show abrupt shifts in either equilibrium conditions or ...
The Importance of Long-Distance Dispersal in Biodiversity
... genetic information, hence its relevance to all the conservation cases, LDD can be operationally defined as a certain (high) topics we address. In a fragmented or naturally patchy landscape,percentile of the cumulative distribution that includes all the distances between patches should be compared t ...
... genetic information, hence its relevance to all the conservation cases, LDD can be operationally defined as a certain (high) topics we address. In a fragmented or naturally patchy landscape,percentile of the cumulative distribution that includes all the distances between patches should be compared t ...
Twenty-two years chairgroup
... study these questions; I think these species are beautiful and appealing, and they occur in sufficient large numbers to make it likely that one can observe them. Moreover, they often have an impact on the landscape, which gives them additional importance in, for instance, nature conservation. I have ...
... study these questions; I think these species are beautiful and appealing, and they occur in sufficient large numbers to make it likely that one can observe them. Moreover, they often have an impact on the landscape, which gives them additional importance in, for instance, nature conservation. I have ...
The ecology of restoration: historical links, emerging issues and
... factors governing plant community structure and mechanisms of species coexistence, and a primary concern in restoration. It is not clear to what extent lack of seeds limits recruitment in natural plant populations, and its importance relative to other factors (Crawley 1990). However, sowing addition ...
... factors governing plant community structure and mechanisms of species coexistence, and a primary concern in restoration. It is not clear to what extent lack of seeds limits recruitment in natural plant populations, and its importance relative to other factors (Crawley 1990). However, sowing addition ...
Comments
... competition was context dependent. Given the design of Skelly’s (2002) experiment, no explanation for context-dependent interactions can be provided. Although enclosure (or mesocosm) experiments can be designed to examine how environmental context affects species interactions (e.g., Chalcraft and An ...
... competition was context dependent. Given the design of Skelly’s (2002) experiment, no explanation for context-dependent interactions can be provided. Although enclosure (or mesocosm) experiments can be designed to examine how environmental context affects species interactions (e.g., Chalcraft and An ...
Wetland paradise lost: Miocene community dynamics in large
... With this record, the question arises of whether there are differences in species richness in different time intervals [for a review of problems with estimating species richness from fossil assemblages, see Barnosky and Carrasco (2002)]. We used a subset of our dataset to estimate the possible diffe ...
... With this record, the question arises of whether there are differences in species richness in different time intervals [for a review of problems with estimating species richness from fossil assemblages, see Barnosky and Carrasco (2002)]. We used a subset of our dataset to estimate the possible diffe ...
Deep-Sea Life
... the only snail known to have dermal scales on the foot, it is also the only metazoan animal capable of building a skeleton out of iron sulfide, which covers the sclerites as well as the shell. Though many inspiring studies have been published on this species, it unfortunately remained unnamed in the ...
... the only snail known to have dermal scales on the foot, it is also the only metazoan animal capable of building a skeleton out of iron sulfide, which covers the sclerites as well as the shell. Though many inspiring studies have been published on this species, it unfortunately remained unnamed in the ...
Natural Selection and Ecological Speciation in Sticklebacks
... as competition or predation (the “environment” in a wider sense). For instance, ecological character displacement caused by competition for shared resources in sympatry can cause ecological traits to diverge, which may produce some reproductive isolation as a by-product. Direct. In this process, sel ...
... as competition or predation (the “environment” in a wider sense). For instance, ecological character displacement caused by competition for shared resources in sympatry can cause ecological traits to diverge, which may produce some reproductive isolation as a by-product. Direct. In this process, sel ...
ZOOPLANKTON STRUCTURE AND DYNAMICS IN MEDITERRANEAN MARSHES (EMPORDÀ WETLANDS): A SIZE-BASED APPROACH
... 5.2.1. Differences between zooplankton community in permanent and temporary waterbodies...................................................................................... 5.2.2. Variation over time of the biomass size spectrum for temporary and permanent waterbodies .............................. ...
... 5.2.1. Differences between zooplankton community in permanent and temporary waterbodies...................................................................................... 5.2.2. Variation over time of the biomass size spectrum for temporary and permanent waterbodies .............................. ...
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... is positively correlated with body size across species, but not within a single species. Evolutionary analyses indicate that leg membranes may not have evolved for purposes of aerial respiration, but their presence may have allowed intertidal and subtidal species to ...
... is positively correlated with body size across species, but not within a single species. Evolutionary analyses indicate that leg membranes may not have evolved for purposes of aerial respiration, but their presence may have allowed intertidal and subtidal species to ...
Biotic and abiotic factors affecting distributions of megafauna in
... ABSTRACT: Imagery and environmental data from 7 diffuse flow hydrothermal vent sites along the Eastern Lau Spreading Center (ELSC) are used to constrain the effects of lava type, temperature, chemistry, and biological interactions on faunal distributions. Of the species with chemoautotrophic endosym ...
... ABSTRACT: Imagery and environmental data from 7 diffuse flow hydrothermal vent sites along the Eastern Lau Spreading Center (ELSC) are used to constrain the effects of lava type, temperature, chemistry, and biological interactions on faunal distributions. Of the species with chemoautotrophic endosym ...
Habitat alteration and community-level effects of an exotic mussel
... macrofaunal community to these habitat changes. Fauna1 responses to the invasion of Musculista can be viewed on several spatial and temporal scales. In a broad context, Musculista is a relatively new invader in the system (approximately 30 yr; Crooks 1996), so observed interactions represent recent ...
... macrofaunal community to these habitat changes. Fauna1 responses to the invasion of Musculista can be viewed on several spatial and temporal scales. In a broad context, Musculista is a relatively new invader in the system (approximately 30 yr; Crooks 1996), so observed interactions represent recent ...
Predicting invasion in grassland ecosystems: is exotic
... other areas have apparently remained resistant to invasion (e.g., southern Africa and the central North American Great Plains) (Mack & Thompson, 1982). We start by examining the relationship between exotic species establishment (exotic richness) and dominance (exotic cover) and test whether exotic r ...
... other areas have apparently remained resistant to invasion (e.g., southern Africa and the central North American Great Plains) (Mack & Thompson, 1982). We start by examining the relationship between exotic species establishment (exotic richness) and dominance (exotic cover) and test whether exotic r ...
distribution and ecology of the broad
... Establish a baseline and method for long term monitoring to assess the effects of climate change on the abundance and distribution of the species. ...
... Establish a baseline and method for long term monitoring to assess the effects of climate change on the abundance and distribution of the species. ...
Predicting invasion in grassland ecosystems: is exotic
... However, global-scale tests of this assumption have been elusive because of the focus on exotic species richness, rather than relative abundance. This is problematic because low invader richness can indicate invasion resistance by the native community or, alternatively, dominance by a single exotic ...
... However, global-scale tests of this assumption have been elusive because of the focus on exotic species richness, rather than relative abundance. This is problematic because low invader richness can indicate invasion resistance by the native community or, alternatively, dominance by a single exotic ...
Battle of the barnacle newcomers: niche compression in invading
... settled on other living barnacles. After manipulation ceased, the cover of C. proteus increased opportunistically as the balanoid died and space became available. The cover of B. reticulatus on control plates also decreased over the course of this experiment, while the cover of C. proteus on these p ...
... settled on other living barnacles. After manipulation ceased, the cover of C. proteus increased opportunistically as the balanoid died and space became available. The cover of B. reticulatus on control plates also decreased over the course of this experiment, while the cover of C. proteus on these p ...
Ecological opportunity and the origin of adaptive radiations
... we will show how the demographic and population genetic changes associated with ecological release may be able to promote speciation and adaptive radiation – but the processes by which this could occur are far from inevitable, and in many cases, supported only weakly by existing theoretical and empi ...
... we will show how the demographic and population genetic changes associated with ecological release may be able to promote speciation and adaptive radiation – but the processes by which this could occur are far from inevitable, and in many cases, supported only weakly by existing theoretical and empi ...
Predicting species` maximum dispersal distances from simple plant
... Dispersal is the unidirectional movement of individuals away from their place of birth (Levin et al. 2003). For plants, this spatial movement occurs through vegetative growth or seed dispersal (here we use ‘‘seed’’ as a general term for a reproductive dispersing unit). While vegetative spread plays ...
... Dispersal is the unidirectional movement of individuals away from their place of birth (Levin et al. 2003). For plants, this spatial movement occurs through vegetative growth or seed dispersal (here we use ‘‘seed’’ as a general term for a reproductive dispersing unit). While vegetative spread plays ...
Effects of body size and resource availability on
... superior resource conversion efficiency (Byers, in press). For a given level of resource Batillaria adds on average 20–30% more tissue mass than Cerithidea during the growing season – an advantage that translates into faster population growth and is a sufficient mechanism to account for displacement ...
... superior resource conversion efficiency (Byers, in press). For a given level of resource Batillaria adds on average 20–30% more tissue mass than Cerithidea during the growing season – an advantage that translates into faster population growth and is a sufficient mechanism to account for displacement ...
ESA 2010 handbook - Ecological Society of Australia
... examined the extinction debt of the major vegetation communities based on broad Ecological Vegetation Classes (EVCs) using a variety of data including herbarium records and the Victorian Flora Information System records. Today, native vegetation communities (i.e., EVCs) in Melbourne occupy between 4 ...
... examined the extinction debt of the major vegetation communities based on broad Ecological Vegetation Classes (EVCs) using a variety of data including herbarium records and the Victorian Flora Information System records. Today, native vegetation communities (i.e., EVCs) in Melbourne occupy between 4 ...
Significance testing in ecological null models
... null model papers; however, it does include many of the major publishers and is a representative set of ecological journals. Direct tests were used in 56.5% of the studies, and indirect tests were used in 45.4% (4.6% of the studies used both types of test). Because most authors did not provide any d ...
... null model papers; however, it does include many of the major publishers and is a representative set of ecological journals. Direct tests were used in 56.5% of the studies, and indirect tests were used in 45.4% (4.6% of the studies used both types of test). Because most authors did not provide any d ...
Oral Presentation Abstracts - Queen`s University Belfast
... pests and targeted for control on a very large scale despite their importance as key-stone species in their native ecosystems. During the 90s, a number of studies have shown that small mammal population management could be grounded on knowledge of the effects of landscape on population dynamics. Her ...
... pests and targeted for control on a very large scale despite their importance as key-stone species in their native ecosystems. During the 90s, a number of studies have shown that small mammal population management could be grounded on knowledge of the effects of landscape on population dynamics. Her ...
Redalyc.Independent effects of grazing and tide pool habitats on the
... Fildes Bay, King George Island, Antarctica. The information of biotic interactions across environmental conditions could be helpful to understand the processes structuring the natural communities in dynamic environments such as the Antarctic intertidal habitat. ...
... Fildes Bay, King George Island, Antarctica. The information of biotic interactions across environmental conditions could be helpful to understand the processes structuring the natural communities in dynamic environments such as the Antarctic intertidal habitat. ...
Biogeography
Biogeography is the study of the distribution of species and ecosystems in geographic space and through geological time. Organisms and biological communities often vary in a regular fashion along geographic gradients of latitude, elevation, isolation and habitat area. Phytogeography is the branch of biogeography that studies the distribution of plants. Zoogeography is the branch that studies distribution of animals.Knowledge of spatial variation in the numbers and types of organisms is as vital to us today as it was to our early human ancestors, as we adapt to heterogeneous but geographically predictable environments. Biogeography is an integrative field of inquiry that unites concepts and information from ecology, evolutionary biology, geology, and physical geography.Modern biogeographic research combines information and ideas from many fields, from the physiological and ecological constraints on organismal dispersal to geological and climatological phenomena operating at global spatial scales and evolutionary time frames.The short-term interactions within a habitat and species of organisms describe the ecological application of biogeography. Historical biogeography describes the long-term, evolutionary periods of time for broader classifications of organisms. Early scientists, beginning with Carl Linnaeus, contributed theories to the contributions of the development of biogeography as a science. Beginning in the mid-18th century, Europeans explored the world and discovered the biodiversity of life. Linnaeus initiated the ways to classify organisms through his exploration of undiscovered territories.The scientific theory of biogeography grows out of the work of Alexander von Humboldt (1769–1859), Hewett Cottrell Watson (1804–1881), Alphonse de Candolle (1806–1893), Alfred Russel Wallace (1823–1913), Philip Lutley Sclater (1829–1913) and other biologists and explorers.