Functional uniformity - Portsmouth Research Portal
... beyond a single locality although genera did; there being no reason to believe that the types ...
... beyond a single locality although genera did; there being no reason to believe that the types ...
- Centre for Biodiversity Theory and Modelling
... Species interactions and differential species responses to the environment ensure that the assemblage is always dynamic. Compensation and compensatory dynamics refer to particular modes of change in response to the environment that have distinct literatures. They are highly interrelated concepts tha ...
... Species interactions and differential species responses to the environment ensure that the assemblage is always dynamic. Compensation and compensatory dynamics refer to particular modes of change in response to the environment that have distinct literatures. They are highly interrelated concepts tha ...
Annual Reviews of Ecology, Evolution and Systematics
... Species interactions and differential species responses to the environment ensure that the assemblage is always dynamic. Compensation and compensatory dynamics refer to particular modes of change in response to the environment that have distinct literatures. They are highly interrelated concepts tha ...
... Species interactions and differential species responses to the environment ensure that the assemblage is always dynamic. Compensation and compensatory dynamics refer to particular modes of change in response to the environment that have distinct literatures. They are highly interrelated concepts tha ...
Appendix D: Report on the proposal for an ecological buffer zone at
... Having a buffer zone between development and Druid’s Glen will not guarantee that none of these impacts will take place, but it will help to control the magnitude, frequency and probability of them occurring. Specific impacts that could potentially occur at Druid’s Glen as a result of inappropriate ...
... Having a buffer zone between development and Druid’s Glen will not guarantee that none of these impacts will take place, but it will help to control the magnitude, frequency and probability of them occurring. Specific impacts that could potentially occur at Druid’s Glen as a result of inappropriate ...
mg224e
... Whereas aquaculture strives to farm domesticated strains, there is still a significant amount of seed, i.e. larvae or juveniles, and broodstock, i.e. adults used for production of seed, collected from the wild. When seed or broodstock are collected from the wild rather than produced in a hatchery, t ...
... Whereas aquaculture strives to farm domesticated strains, there is still a significant amount of seed, i.e. larvae or juveniles, and broodstock, i.e. adults used for production of seed, collected from the wild. When seed or broodstock are collected from the wild rather than produced in a hatchery, t ...
Sociobiology - Universidade Estadual de Feira de Santana
... Natural earth mounds in many ecosystems harbor higher biodiversity than surroundings because they provide greater habitat heterogeneity. However, in the semi-arid Caatinga ecosystem of NE Brazil, natural mounds have much less vegetation and leaf litter with lower biodiversity as compared to the surr ...
... Natural earth mounds in many ecosystems harbor higher biodiversity than surroundings because they provide greater habitat heterogeneity. However, in the semi-arid Caatinga ecosystem of NE Brazil, natural mounds have much less vegetation and leaf litter with lower biodiversity as compared to the surr ...
The contributions of livestock species and breeds to
... world, emerging animal diseases, climate change and global targets, such as the Sustainable Development Goals, all need to be addressed. Many breeds have unique characteristics or combinations of characteristics – disease resistance, tolerance of climatic extremes or the ability to supply specialize ...
... world, emerging animal diseases, climate change and global targets, such as the Sustainable Development Goals, all need to be addressed. Many breeds have unique characteristics or combinations of characteristics – disease resistance, tolerance of climatic extremes or the ability to supply specialize ...
Functional richness, functional evenness and functional divergence
... richness and species evenness (Fig. 2). Firstly, the amount of niche space occupied by the species within a community may be used as a richness measure / functional richness / since it is independent of abundance (i.e. a section of niche space is considered to be occupied even if only very little ...
... richness and species evenness (Fig. 2). Firstly, the amount of niche space occupied by the species within a community may be used as a richness measure / functional richness / since it is independent of abundance (i.e. a section of niche space is considered to be occupied even if only very little ...
Derivation of the Extrinsic Values of Biological Diversity from Its
... (Oksanen 1997; Norton 2000); conservationists use the ideas together and separately to argue for conservation. Oksanen (1997) and Norton (2000) argue that the line between them evaporates if one considers that human spiritual values and the value associated with moral pleasure can be measured. Justu ...
... (Oksanen 1997; Norton 2000); conservationists use the ideas together and separately to argue for conservation. Oksanen (1997) and Norton (2000) argue that the line between them evaporates if one considers that human spiritual values and the value associated with moral pleasure can be measured. Justu ...
Ecosystems and Their Services - Millennium Ecosystem Assessment
... The Ecosystem Approach is a strategy for the integrated management of land, water and living resources that promotes conservation and sustainable use in an equitable way. Thus, the application of the ecosystem approach will help to reach a balance of the three objectives of the Convention: conservat ...
... The Ecosystem Approach is a strategy for the integrated management of land, water and living resources that promotes conservation and sustainable use in an equitable way. Thus, the application of the ecosystem approach will help to reach a balance of the three objectives of the Convention: conservat ...
Consumer versus resource control of producer producer community structure
... For each response variable, the significant parameter estimates (NS, not significant; /, not included in the final model, –, not applicable) and their significance levels (***, P ⬍ 0.001; **, P ⬍ 0.01; *, P ⬍ 0.5; ⫹, P ⬍ 0.1; NS, P ⬎ 0.1) are given as well as overall model statistics (F ratio with d ...
... For each response variable, the significant parameter estimates (NS, not significant; /, not included in the final model, –, not applicable) and their significance levels (***, P ⬍ 0.001; **, P ⬍ 0.01; *, P ⬍ 0.5; ⫹, P ⬍ 0.1; NS, P ⬎ 0.1) are given as well as overall model statistics (F ratio with d ...
Today we are going to discuss a very important topic namely
... components of an environment considered in relation to each other as a unit. British ecologist Arthur Tansley later refined the term, describing it as the interactive system established between biocoenosis (a group of living creatures) and their biotope (the environment in which they live). We can s ...
... components of an environment considered in relation to each other as a unit. British ecologist Arthur Tansley later refined the term, describing it as the interactive system established between biocoenosis (a group of living creatures) and their biotope (the environment in which they live). We can s ...
Biogeomorphic Impacts of Invasive Species
... In general, invasive species can impact one or a combination of ecological, ecosystem, and geomorphological processes (Figure 1). Changes in ecological processes can alter population and community structure; changes in ecosystem processes can lead to the shift of trophic levels and pool sizes; and c ...
... In general, invasive species can impact one or a combination of ecological, ecosystem, and geomorphological processes (Figure 1). Changes in ecological processes can alter population and community structure; changes in ecosystem processes can lead to the shift of trophic levels and pool sizes; and c ...
Spatial complementarity in tree crowns explains overyielding in
... ‘complementarity’ was used to describe niche or resource partitioning; however, the operational difficulty of untangling niche complementarity from other positive species interactions led Loreau and Hector18 to use ‘complementarity’ to describe positive effects attributable to mixing species, includ ...
... ‘complementarity’ was used to describe niche or resource partitioning; however, the operational difficulty of untangling niche complementarity from other positive species interactions led Loreau and Hector18 to use ‘complementarity’ to describe positive effects attributable to mixing species, includ ...
"Biotic Homogenization". - University of Washington
... characteristics. According to this view, two additional forms of biotic homogenization can be recognized. At the molecular level, intra- and inter-specific hybridization can lead to an increase in the genetic similarity of gene pools over time (Olden et al., 2004). Genetic homogenization could be obs ...
... characteristics. According to this view, two additional forms of biotic homogenization can be recognized. At the molecular level, intra- and inter-specific hybridization can lead to an increase in the genetic similarity of gene pools over time (Olden et al., 2004). Genetic homogenization could be obs ...
Downloaded - University of Kentucky College of Arts and Sciences
... In general, invasive species can impact one or a combination of ecological, ecosystem, and geomorphological processes (Figure 1). Changes in ecological processes can alter population and community structure; changes in ecosystem processes can lead to the shift of trophic levels and pool sizes; and c ...
... In general, invasive species can impact one or a combination of ecological, ecosystem, and geomorphological processes (Figure 1). Changes in ecological processes can alter population and community structure; changes in ecosystem processes can lead to the shift of trophic levels and pool sizes; and c ...
Scaling-up Trait Variation from Individuals to Ecosystems
... dispersal in the stream was strongly influenced by variation in body condition and habitat type, which further suggests that behaviour depends upon key features of both the organism and the environment. As other studies in this volume suggest (Georgelin et al., 2015; Gibert and DeLong, 2015; Schmitz ...
... dispersal in the stream was strongly influenced by variation in body condition and habitat type, which further suggests that behaviour depends upon key features of both the organism and the environment. As other studies in this volume suggest (Georgelin et al., 2015; Gibert and DeLong, 2015; Schmitz ...
ON THE ECOLOGY OF INVASIVE SPECIES, EXTINCTION
... ecological advice, and constantly brought a different and often wet perspective to my largely terrestrial endeavors. He always seemed to have fun while doing so, which was also some great advice. Alex supported my research and conservation, wherever it took me. Bobbi Peckarsky provided great advice ...
... ecological advice, and constantly brought a different and often wet perspective to my largely terrestrial endeavors. He always seemed to have fun while doing so, which was also some great advice. Alex supported my research and conservation, wherever it took me. Bobbi Peckarsky provided great advice ...
Final Report - European Commission
... How is the provision, regulation, and purification of fresh water affected by changes in wild nature?.......................................................................... 124 ...
... How is the provision, regulation, and purification of fresh water affected by changes in wild nature?.......................................................................... 124 ...
ON THE ECOLOGY OF INVASIVE SPECIES, EXTINCTION
... ecological advice, and constantly brought a different and often wet perspective to my largely terrestrial endeavors. He always seemed to have fun while doing so, which was also some great advice. Alex supported my research and conservation, wherever it took me. Bobbi Peckarsky provided great advice ...
... ecological advice, and constantly brought a different and often wet perspective to my largely terrestrial endeavors. He always seemed to have fun while doing so, which was also some great advice. Alex supported my research and conservation, wherever it took me. Bobbi Peckarsky provided great advice ...
Chapter Objective Essays These must be in complete sentences. BE
... 36.9 Explain how the structure of the world’s human population has changed and continues to change. Describe the key factors that affect human population growth. (4pts) ...
... 36.9 Explain how the structure of the world’s human population has changed and continues to change. Describe the key factors that affect human population growth. (4pts) ...
Genetic consequences of ecological reserve design guidelines: An
... We assessed the genetic diversity consequences of applying ecological reserve design guidelines to four federallylisted globally-rare plant species. Consequences were measured using two metrics: proportion of all alleles and of common alleles included in reserves. Common alleles were defined as thos ...
... We assessed the genetic diversity consequences of applying ecological reserve design guidelines to four federallylisted globally-rare plant species. Consequences were measured using two metrics: proportion of all alleles and of common alleles included in reserves. Common alleles were defined as thos ...
Ecological drivers of the Ediacaran
... evidence indicates that crown group demosponges and cnidarians were both present about 700 Ma (Erwin et al. submitted), while the earliest fossil evidence comes from sponge biomarkers (preserved fossil molecules) dating to older than 635 Ma (Love et al. 2009) and possible sponge body fossils (Maloof ...
... evidence indicates that crown group demosponges and cnidarians were both present about 700 Ma (Erwin et al. submitted), while the earliest fossil evidence comes from sponge biomarkers (preserved fossil molecules) dating to older than 635 Ma (Love et al. 2009) and possible sponge body fossils (Maloof ...
Gymnesic Islands, Western Mediterranean
... species in the fossil record of Cova de Moleta, whereas Reumer (1980) and Alcover et al. (1981) presented divergent views on the chronological order of the extinction of these species. According to Reumer (1980), E. morpheus disappeared before A. hidalgoi in Mallorca, while Alcover et al. (1981) and ...
... species in the fossil record of Cova de Moleta, whereas Reumer (1980) and Alcover et al. (1981) presented divergent views on the chronological order of the extinction of these species. According to Reumer (1980), E. morpheus disappeared before A. hidalgoi in Mallorca, while Alcover et al. (1981) and ...
Biodiversity
Global Biodiversity is the variety of different types of life found on Earth and the variations within species. It is a measure of the variety of organisms present in different ecosystems. This can refer to genetic variation, ecosystem variation, or species variation (number of species) within an area, biome, or planet. Terrestrial biodiversity tends to be highest near the equator, which seems to be the result of the warm climate and high primary productivity. Biodiversity is not distributed evenly on Earth. It is the richest in the tropics. Marine biodiversity tends to be highest along coasts in the Western Pacific, where sea surface temperature is highest and in the mid-latitudinal band in all oceans. There are latitudinal gradients in species diversity. Biodiversity generally tends to cluster in hotspots, and has been increasing through time but will be likely to slow in the future.The number and variety of plants, animals and other organisms that exist is known as biodiversity. It is an essential component of nature and it ensures the survival of human species by providing food, fuel, shelter, medicines and other resources to mankind. The richness of biodiversity depends on the climatic conditions and area of the region. All species of plants taken together are known as flora and about 70,000 species of plants are known till date. All species of animals taken together are known as fauna which includes birds, mammals, fish, reptiles, insects, crustaceans, molluscs, etc.Rapid environmental changes typically cause mass extinctions. More than 99 percent of all species, amounting to over five billion species, that ever lived on Earth are estimated to be extinct. Estimates on the number of Earth's current species range from 10 million to 14 million, of which about 1.2 million have been documented and over 86 percent have not yet been described. The total amount of related DNA base pairs on Earth is estimated at 5.0 x 1037, and weighs 50 billion tonnes. In comparison, the total mass of the biosphere has been estimated to be as much as 4 TtC (trillion tons of carbon).The age of the Earth is about 4.54 billion years old. The earliest undisputed evidence of life on Earth dates at least from 3.5 billion years ago, during the Eoarchean Era after a geological crust started to solidify following the earlier molten Hadean Eon. There are microbial mat fossils found in 3.48 billion-year-old sandstone discovered in Western Australia. Other early physical evidence of a biogenic substance is graphite in 3.7 billion-year-old metasedimentary rocks discovered in Western Greenland. Since life began on Earth, five major mass extinctions and several minor events have led to large and sudden drops in biodiversity. The Phanerozoic eon (the last 540 million years) marked a rapid growth in biodiversity via the Cambrian explosion—a period during which the majority of multicellular phyla first appeared. The next 400 million years included repeated, massive biodiversity losses classified as mass extinction events. In the Carboniferous, rainforest collapse led to a great loss of plant and animal life. The Permian–Triassic extinction event, 251 million years ago, was the worst; vertebrate recovery took 30 million years. The most recent, the Cretaceous–Paleogene extinction event, occurred 65 million years ago and has often attracted more attention than others because it resulted in the extinction of the dinosaurs.The period since the emergence of humans has displayed an ongoing biodiversity reduction and an accompanying loss of genetic diversity. Named the Holocene extinction, the reduction is caused primarily by human impacts, particularly habitat destruction. Conversely, biodiversity impacts human health in a number of ways, both positively and negatively.The United Nations designated 2011–2020 as the United Nations Decade on Biodiversity.