Developing a Computational Tool for Learning and Testing the
... type of sentence one learns to speak and write. In English, a simple sentence is formed by five sentence elements known as clause elements. These elements which are Subject (S), Verb (V), Object (O), Complement (C), and Adverbial (A), work together to express a central idea of the sentence. Accordin ...
... type of sentence one learns to speak and write. In English, a simple sentence is formed by five sentence elements known as clause elements. These elements which are Subject (S), Verb (V), Object (O), Complement (C), and Adverbial (A), work together to express a central idea of the sentence. Accordin ...
The Phrase Self-Quiz
... Pirouetting on her toes is not the subject of the sentence. “Who completed?” The ballerina completed; therefore, ballerina is the subject. What does Pirouetting on her toes answer? Not what she does. Completed tells that. Pirouetting on her toes gives more description of the ballerina. To double che ...
... Pirouetting on her toes is not the subject of the sentence. “Who completed?” The ballerina completed; therefore, ballerina is the subject. What does Pirouetting on her toes answer? Not what she does. Completed tells that. Pirouetting on her toes gives more description of the ballerina. To double che ...
adverb phrase
... • An appositive is a noun or pronoun (often with modifiers) set beside another noun or pronoun to explain or identify it-(not change or modify). • An essential or restrictive appositive or app phrase is not set aside by commas because it is necessary to the meaning of the sentence. • A nonessential ...
... • An appositive is a noun or pronoun (often with modifiers) set beside another noun or pronoun to explain or identify it-(not change or modify). • An essential or restrictive appositive or app phrase is not set aside by commas because it is necessary to the meaning of the sentence. • A nonessential ...
Subject/Predicate
... physical shape or the internal structure that enables to classify a phrase (Honey tastes sweet. The milk is sweet) ...
... physical shape or the internal structure that enables to classify a phrase (Honey tastes sweet. The milk is sweet) ...
DEPENDENT CLAUSES
... clauses that act as big adverbs. Adverb clauses usually begin with subordinating conjunctions. ...
... clauses that act as big adverbs. Adverb clauses usually begin with subordinating conjunctions. ...
Transformation I: Phrasal Categories
... and iv). We know that the verb “transmit” and “donate” also have the same subcategorization frame as “sent” and “give”. What’s more is that the verbs “sent” and “transmit”/ “give” and “donate” are semantically similar. That is, to “transmit” something to someone means to “send” something to someone, ...
... and iv). We know that the verb “transmit” and “donate” also have the same subcategorization frame as “sent” and “give”. What’s more is that the verbs “sent” and “transmit”/ “give” and “donate” are semantically similar. That is, to “transmit” something to someone means to “send” something to someone, ...
Principles and Idiosyncracies in MT Lexicons
... normallyassociated with the syntactic structure by productive rules. Constructionsare, therefore, like wordsin that they haveto be learned separatelyas integral facts aboutpieces of the language.On the other hand, constructions are not necessarily frozen idioms; they can be productive grammatical pa ...
... normallyassociated with the syntactic structure by productive rules. Constructionsare, therefore, like wordsin that they haveto be learned separatelyas integral facts aboutpieces of the language.On the other hand, constructions are not necessarily frozen idioms; they can be productive grammatical pa ...
Principles and Idiosyncrasies in MT Lexicons
... normallyassociated with the syntactic structure by productive rules. Constructionsare, therefore, like wordsin that they haveto be learned separatelyas integral facts aboutpieces of the language.On the other hand, constructions are not necessarily frozen idioms; they can be productive grammatical pa ...
... normallyassociated with the syntactic structure by productive rules. Constructionsare, therefore, like wordsin that they haveto be learned separatelyas integral facts aboutpieces of the language.On the other hand, constructions are not necessarily frozen idioms; they can be productive grammatical pa ...
Unit 4 Phrases, Ch 20
... -Usually it comes directly before or after the noun or pronoun it modifies, but it may be located somewhere else in the sentence o Ex: The instructor, speaking slowly, explained the use of skis. o Ex: The skier, choosing her slope, looked at its ...
... -Usually it comes directly before or after the noun or pronoun it modifies, but it may be located somewhere else in the sentence o Ex: The instructor, speaking slowly, explained the use of skis. o Ex: The skier, choosing her slope, looked at its ...
course reader
... starting point because it provides a detailed analysis of the structure of NPs and, at the same time, highlights issues that this approach does not address, thereby introducing other relevant aspects of the analysis of nominal constructions. This section describes a comprehensive approach to modific ...
... starting point because it provides a detailed analysis of the structure of NPs and, at the same time, highlights issues that this approach does not address, thereby introducing other relevant aspects of the analysis of nominal constructions. This section describes a comprehensive approach to modific ...
Word 7
... the standard verse pattern of the Fabiffis (though not quite everywhere; be careful, especially in the Moralitates) and of much of The Testament of Cresseid, so you should become familiar with it and recognise its effects. ...
... the standard verse pattern of the Fabiffis (though not quite everywhere; be careful, especially in the Moralitates) and of much of The Testament of Cresseid, so you should become familiar with it and recognise its effects. ...
language. ppt
... dependent. The hypothetic rule (form a question by reversing the order of the last two words) depends on serial position, not structure. (Once again, I have not given you a formal definition of what a ‘structural property’ is. A useful way to think about it is that structural properties are all thos ...
... dependent. The hypothetic rule (form a question by reversing the order of the last two words) depends on serial position, not structure. (Once again, I have not given you a formal definition of what a ‘structural property’ is. A useful way to think about it is that structural properties are all thos ...
Machine-to-man communication by speech Part II: Synthesis of
... percentage of the output sentences, is not likely to be catastrophic, we can tolerate occ~sional mistakes by the parser, but we have tried to achieve 90 per cent accuracy. These requirements, for a limited, phraselevel parser operating in real-time at comfortable speaking rates within restricted cor ...
... percentage of the output sentences, is not likely to be catastrophic, we can tolerate occ~sional mistakes by the parser, but we have tried to achieve 90 per cent accuracy. These requirements, for a limited, phraselevel parser operating in real-time at comfortable speaking rates within restricted cor ...
3 Principles of English Phrase Structure
... of the Executive Management and the AP-modifier very competent which I have inserted for illustration in (11), (11) the very competent members of the Executive Management Whereas the PP-complement is required by members, the additional information provided by the pre-modifying AP is not. Note that v ...
... of the Executive Management and the AP-modifier very competent which I have inserted for illustration in (11), (11) the very competent members of the Executive Management Whereas the PP-complement is required by members, the additional information provided by the pre-modifying AP is not. Note that v ...
flight - clic
... • S -> NP VP – This says that there are units called S, NP, and VP in this language – That an S consists of an NP followed immediately by a VP – Doesn’t say that that’s the only kind of S – Nor does it say that this is the only place that NPs and VPs occur ...
... • S -> NP VP – This says that there are units called S, NP, and VP in this language – That an S consists of an NP followed immediately by a VP – Doesn’t say that that’s the only kind of S – Nor does it say that this is the only place that NPs and VPs occur ...
Daily Exit Slips Killgallon Grammar Unit 3: Phrases Lesson 1
... 1. Which of the following is a characteristic of a gerund? a. They always end in –ing b. They are called a verbal, which means that they look like verbs but they don’t function as a verb c. They can be the subject, direct object, indirect object, object of the preposition, or the predicate nominativ ...
... 1. Which of the following is a characteristic of a gerund? a. They always end in –ing b. They are called a verbal, which means that they look like verbs but they don’t function as a verb c. They can be the subject, direct object, indirect object, object of the preposition, or the predicate nominativ ...
THE WORD-GROUP THEORIES - Кам`янець
... A.M. Peshkovsky. Any syntactically arranged unit, irrespective of its composition and types of syntactic relations between its constituents was considered a word-group. This point of view is accepted by many linguists of our school nowadays. But it is not the only one adopted in home linguistics and ...
... A.M. Peshkovsky. Any syntactically arranged unit, irrespective of its composition and types of syntactic relations between its constituents was considered a word-group. This point of view is accepted by many linguists of our school nowadays. But it is not the only one adopted in home linguistics and ...
First Writing Assignment
... smoothly so that there are no abrupt jumps or breaks between ideas. There are several types of transitional devices, and each category leads readers to make certain connections or assumptions. Some lead readers forward and imply the building of an idea or thought, while others make readers compare i ...
... smoothly so that there are no abrupt jumps or breaks between ideas. There are several types of transitional devices, and each category leads readers to make certain connections or assumptions. Some lead readers forward and imply the building of an idea or thought, while others make readers compare i ...
A Left-Branching Grammar Design for Incremental Parsing
... Since there is no limit to the potential number of adjuncts added to the DEPS list by the Argument Structure Extension constraint, the number of possible lexical descriptions of a verb is infinite. This is problematic from a psycholinguistic perspective, since it means that the DEPS list cannot be f ...
... Since there is no limit to the potential number of adjuncts added to the DEPS list by the Argument Structure Extension constraint, the number of possible lexical descriptions of a verb is infinite. This is problematic from a psycholinguistic perspective, since it means that the DEPS list cannot be f ...
Parallelism standard - Livaudais English Classroom
... If one element is an adjective, then all elements should be adjectives; if one element is a noun, then all elements should be nouns; if one element is a verb, then all elements should be verbs, and so forth. Take a look at the examples below: 1. The children are energetic and noisy. = adjective + ad ...
... If one element is an adjective, then all elements should be adjectives; if one element is a noun, then all elements should be nouns; if one element is a verb, then all elements should be verbs, and so forth. Take a look at the examples below: 1. The children are energetic and noisy. = adjective + ad ...
Lexical Functional Grammar Abstract 1 LFG`s syntactic structures
... level. For example, the basic lexical category N is the head of the single bar level category N0 (“N-bar”), which in turn is the head of the two-bar-level category N00 (“N-double-bar”). Similarly, the basic functional category I is the head of I0 , which heads I00 . Many LFG analyses assume that N00 ...
... level. For example, the basic lexical category N is the head of the single bar level category N0 (“N-bar”), which in turn is the head of the two-bar-level category N00 (“N-double-bar”). Similarly, the basic functional category I is the head of I0 , which heads I00 . Many LFG analyses assume that N00 ...
A Deterministic Parser With Broad Coverage
... should use different techniques to handle gapping and VP deletion. VP deletion cases are always unambiguous, in the sense that it is always clear when a VP is to be inserted into a sentence - every (Fnglish) sentence requires a VP. For instance, this means that given the sentence, John kissed Mary, ...
... should use different techniques to handle gapping and VP deletion. VP deletion cases are always unambiguous, in the sense that it is always clear when a VP is to be inserted into a sentence - every (Fnglish) sentence requires a VP. For instance, this means that given the sentence, John kissed Mary, ...
The Writing Center @ JSCC Clausal Errors
... A phrase is a group of words that works as one part of speech, like a noun phrase or a verb phrase. The important difference between a phrase and a clause is that a clause is made of both a subject noun phrase and a tensed verb; a phrase is missing at least one of those elements. For example, in the ...
... A phrase is a group of words that works as one part of speech, like a noun phrase or a verb phrase. The important difference between a phrase and a clause is that a clause is made of both a subject noun phrase and a tensed verb; a phrase is missing at least one of those elements. For example, in the ...
1 Framework-free grammatical theory Martin Haspelmath 1 Why
... 1 Why framework-free? While some readers may find this surprising, in this chapter I claim that there are many linguists who carry out theoretical research on grammar but do not work within a theoretical framework, and I show how this is done. As far as I know, this theoretical stance has not been a ...
... 1 Why framework-free? While some readers may find this surprising, in this chapter I claim that there are many linguists who carry out theoretical research on grammar but do not work within a theoretical framework, and I show how this is done. As far as I know, this theoretical stance has not been a ...
Antisymmetry
In linguistics, antisymmetry is a theory of syntactic linearization presented in Richard Kayne's 1994 monograph The Antisymmetry of Syntax. The crux of this theory is that hierarchical structure in natural language maps universally onto a particular surface linearization, namely specifier-head-complement branching order. The theory derives a version of X-bar theory. Kayne hypothesizes that all phrases whose surface order is not specifier-head-complement have undergone movements that disrupt this underlying order. Subsequently, there have also been attempts at deriving specifier-complement-head as the basic word order.Antisymmetry as a principle of word order is reliant on assumptions that many theories of syntax dispute, e.g. constituency structure (as opposed to dependency structure), X-bar notions such as specifier and complement, and the existence of ordering altering mechanisms such as movement and/or copying.