NONLINEARITIES, FEEDBACKS AND CRITICAL THRESHOLDS WITHIN THE EARTH’S CLIMATE SYSTEM
... a strongly nonlinear, complex climate system. The ice ages of the Pleistocene are remarkable quasi-periodic events of past global climate change. At their peak global mean temperature was over 4 ◦ C lower than today, and enormous ice sheets several kilometers thick covered most of northern North Ame ...
... a strongly nonlinear, complex climate system. The ice ages of the Pleistocene are remarkable quasi-periodic events of past global climate change. At their peak global mean temperature was over 4 ◦ C lower than today, and enormous ice sheets several kilometers thick covered most of northern North Ame ...
Integrating Climate Change Adaptation into Coastal Zone Management
... investments in the tourism, agriculture, aquaculture and maritime sectors, all of which depend on a healthy coastal environment. Policies to reduce greenhouse gases could lead to the development of alternative renewable energy sources some of which could be generated along the coast from tides, wave ...
... investments in the tourism, agriculture, aquaculture and maritime sectors, all of which depend on a healthy coastal environment. Policies to reduce greenhouse gases could lead to the development of alternative renewable energy sources some of which could be generated along the coast from tides, wave ...
Uncertainty and Decision Making in Climate Change Economics
... all of the more recent studies weight parameters based on how well they reproduce historical climate observations. Many studies arrive at their estimates by using Bayesian methods to combine experts’ prior probabilities with historical observations. All of these techniques are used by the studies in ...
... all of the more recent studies weight parameters based on how well they reproduce historical climate observations. Many studies arrive at their estimates by using Bayesian methods to combine experts’ prior probabilities with historical observations. All of these techniques are used by the studies in ...
NONLINEARITIES, FEEDBACKS AND CRITICAL THRESHOLDS
... a strongly nonlinear, complex climate system. The ice ages of the Pleistocene are remarkable quasi-periodic events of past global climate change. At their peak global mean temperature was over 4 ◦ C lower than today, and enormous ice sheets several kilometers thick covered most of northern North Ame ...
... a strongly nonlinear, complex climate system. The ice ages of the Pleistocene are remarkable quasi-periodic events of past global climate change. At their peak global mean temperature was over 4 ◦ C lower than today, and enormous ice sheets several kilometers thick covered most of northern North Ame ...
Environmental protection briefing
... would be needed to address these. One of these commitments was to establish a Natural Capital Committee to provide independent advice to the government on the sustainable use of England’s natural capital. The Natural Capital Committee, which was established in 2012, has since published two reports o ...
... would be needed to address these. One of these commitments was to establish a Natural Capital Committee to provide independent advice to the government on the sustainable use of England’s natural capital. The Natural Capital Committee, which was established in 2012, has since published two reports o ...
Climate change in the Sahel
... This situation which actually concerns not the Sahel region alone, is increasingly seen as a manifestation of climate change caused by global warming, which is itself due to the increase in the content of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere. Thus, climate change has become one of the major challenges ...
... This situation which actually concerns not the Sahel region alone, is increasingly seen as a manifestation of climate change caused by global warming, which is itself due to the increase in the content of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere. Thus, climate change has become one of the major challenges ...
Men, Masculinities Climate Change
... men die in floods. In some cases during natural disasters, activities disrupt the climate, the greater the risks of women and children are 14 times more likely to die than severe, pervasive and irreversible impacts for people and men.16 This phenomenon will grow more frequent with our ecosystems. Th ...
... men die in floods. In some cases during natural disasters, activities disrupt the climate, the greater the risks of women and children are 14 times more likely to die than severe, pervasive and irreversible impacts for people and men.16 This phenomenon will grow more frequent with our ecosystems. Th ...
- Sierra Club
... degrees Celsius of warming. That’s the road we are on. We can get off that road, but we’re now so far along it, we’ve put off the crucial policies for so long, that now we can’t do it gradually. We have to swerve, right? And swerving requires such a radical departure from the kind of political and ...
... degrees Celsius of warming. That’s the road we are on. We can get off that road, but we’re now so far along it, we’ve put off the crucial policies for so long, that now we can’t do it gradually. We have to swerve, right? And swerving requires such a radical departure from the kind of political and ...
The Value of Carbon in Decision-Making
... uncertainty, and the need for a metric that is more consistent with reaching its emission targets. It now uses marginal abatement cost (MAC) estimates for sectors not covered by a market price for carbon in the European Union Emissions Trading System, which are subject to a target of reducing emissi ...
... uncertainty, and the need for a metric that is more consistent with reaching its emission targets. It now uses marginal abatement cost (MAC) estimates for sectors not covered by a market price for carbon in the European Union Emissions Trading System, which are subject to a target of reducing emissi ...
The Global Climate Observing System, GCOS
... (LAI), Above ground biomass, Soil carbon, Fire disturbance, Soil moisture. ...
... (LAI), Above ground biomass, Soil carbon, Fire disturbance, Soil moisture. ...
- Adaptation Learning Mechanism
... 10. The poor are more vulnerable to climate change since they do not have sufficient income to prepare and cope from the adverse effects of climate change. Poor women are more vulnerable, since they have the lowest incomes and depend on income from relatives or small income generating activities. I ...
... 10. The poor are more vulnerable to climate change since they do not have sufficient income to prepare and cope from the adverse effects of climate change. Poor women are more vulnerable, since they have the lowest incomes and depend on income from relatives or small income generating activities. I ...
Agenda Setting and Issue Definition at the Micro Level: Giving
... (Pralle, 2009). This agenda setting has been mostly limited to the United States and European nations. Some notable exceptions include Shibuya’s (1996) study of agenda setting concerning climate change in Vanuatu and Kwansah-Aidoo’s (2001, 2003) work on the influence of the media on the public agend ...
... (Pralle, 2009). This agenda setting has been mostly limited to the United States and European nations. Some notable exceptions include Shibuya’s (1996) study of agenda setting concerning climate change in Vanuatu and Kwansah-Aidoo’s (2001, 2003) work on the influence of the media on the public agend ...
Adaptation Planning and Climate Impact Assessments: Learning From NEPA’s Flaws
... • The outdated triggering mechanism for EIS preparation. Existing environmental assessment mechanisms are triggered by agency actions—they do not require assessments of the status quo but only of proposed changes in the status quo. Adaptation assessment may be most needed in situations where no pro ...
... • The outdated triggering mechanism for EIS preparation. Existing environmental assessment mechanisms are triggered by agency actions—they do not require assessments of the status quo but only of proposed changes in the status quo. Adaptation assessment may be most needed in situations where no pro ...
On predicting climate under climate change
... could be considered as the variable distributions on this attractor. In reality the climate system is not stationary but subject to natural and anthropogenic forcing variations. Such a definition is therefore not directly relevant to the real world and can only be quantified for a model. Furthermore ...
... could be considered as the variable distributions on this attractor. In reality the climate system is not stationary but subject to natural and anthropogenic forcing variations. Such a definition is therefore not directly relevant to the real world and can only be quantified for a model. Furthermore ...
Arimura - Viessmann European Research Centre
... The price does not reach $10 until 2019. The demand for CDM is limited during the Kyoto commitment period. However, with banking, there may be demand for CDM before 2019. ...
... The price does not reach $10 until 2019. The demand for CDM is limited during the Kyoto commitment period. However, with banking, there may be demand for CDM before 2019. ...
Climate regulation in New Zealand: contribution of natural and
... greenhouse gases that could otherwise lead to undesirable changes in global climate. Quantifying this service requires accounting for both stocks and flows. While greenhouse gas emissions and removals are reported in the national inventory, this inventory accounts only for human-induced changes in g ...
... greenhouse gases that could otherwise lead to undesirable changes in global climate. Quantifying this service requires accounting for both stocks and flows. While greenhouse gas emissions and removals are reported in the national inventory, this inventory accounts only for human-induced changes in g ...
Neighborhood Sustainability Steward Handbook
... We encourage volunteers to work directly with households.This could take the form of a one-time household climate consultation or ongoing assistance. Climate masters will share tailored emission-reduction strategies with those households and ask participants to make changes they believe are possible ...
... We encourage volunteers to work directly with households.This could take the form of a one-time household climate consultation or ongoing assistance. Climate masters will share tailored emission-reduction strategies with those households and ask participants to make changes they believe are possible ...
Environmental policy and the economic downturn: Working Paper 16 (486 kB) (opens in new window)
... recently been identified or some other trigger has led to a step increase in concerns about environmental goals. In these circumstances, there is likely to be a backlog of projects to be undertaken. At a time of a demand-induced downturn, when monetary authorities are ensuring that any increases in ...
... recently been identified or some other trigger has led to a step increase in concerns about environmental goals. In these circumstances, there is likely to be a backlog of projects to be undertaken. At a time of a demand-induced downturn, when monetary authorities are ensuring that any increases in ...
The Met Office Hadley Centre climate modelling capability: the
... climate sensitivity. Uncertainties in cloud feedbacks are also discussed in §4. Another major improvement in HadGEM1 is in the representation of sea ice (McLaren et al. 2006). The geographical ice extent generally agrees well with observations, especially in winter, with the exception of the HadGEM1 ...
... climate sensitivity. Uncertainties in cloud feedbacks are also discussed in §4. Another major improvement in HadGEM1 is in the representation of sea ice (McLaren et al. 2006). The geographical ice extent generally agrees well with observations, especially in winter, with the exception of the HadGEM1 ...
POLICY ISSUES RELATED TO CLIMATE CHANGE IN SPAIN
... weather events will lead to a loss of rural income and economic imbalances between the more and less prosperous parts of Europe and also to environmental damage. Nevertheless, adaptation policies, strategies and concrete measures are fragmented and uncoordinated in most cases. This is in part due to ...
... weather events will lead to a loss of rural income and economic imbalances between the more and less prosperous parts of Europe and also to environmental damage. Nevertheless, adaptation policies, strategies and concrete measures are fragmented and uncoordinated in most cases. This is in part due to ...
Atmospheric circulation as a source of uncertainty in climate change
... shifting from detection and attribution of global climate change to prediction of its impacts at the regional scale. However, pretty much everything we have any confidence in when it comes to climate ch ...
... shifting from detection and attribution of global climate change to prediction of its impacts at the regional scale. However, pretty much everything we have any confidence in when it comes to climate ch ...
high confidence
... •damage from pests and diseases in all sub-regions will increase due to climate change [high confidence] •[…]damages from storms in central Europe [low confidence] may also increase due to climate change Climate change is likely to cause ecological and socio-economic damages from shifts in •forest t ...
... •damage from pests and diseases in all sub-regions will increase due to climate change [high confidence] •[…]damages from storms in central Europe [low confidence] may also increase due to climate change Climate change is likely to cause ecological and socio-economic damages from shifts in •forest t ...
Financing adaptation
... growth, access to potable water, food security, sanitation, improved health status, etc., take precedence. Hence, the concept of mainstreaming – integration of policies and measures to address climate change into ongoing sectoral and development planning and decisionmaking – so as to ensure long-ter ...
... growth, access to potable water, food security, sanitation, improved health status, etc., take precedence. Hence, the concept of mainstreaming – integration of policies and measures to address climate change into ongoing sectoral and development planning and decisionmaking – so as to ensure long-ter ...
Letters to the editor (7/19/10)
... of My Grandchildren, Hansen writes, "I did not want my grandchildren, someday in the future, to look back and say, '[Grandpa] understood what was happening, but he did not make it clear.' " Hansen is doing everything in his power to be clear about climate change and what needs to be done. At an Eart ...
... of My Grandchildren, Hansen writes, "I did not want my grandchildren, someday in the future, to look back and say, '[Grandpa] understood what was happening, but he did not make it clear.' " Hansen is doing everything in his power to be clear about climate change and what needs to be done. At an Eart ...