Coping with the uncertainties in the climate change adaptation of
... The projections of future climate from two GCMs, CSIRO-Mk3.0 (CSMK3) and GFD-CM2.0 (GFCM20), were selected based on their performances of simulating the historical climate (Wang et. al. 2011). Both of the GCMs provided the projections from 2070 to 2099 under three GHG emission scenarios. Since no re ...
... The projections of future climate from two GCMs, CSIRO-Mk3.0 (CSMK3) and GFD-CM2.0 (GFCM20), were selected based on their performances of simulating the historical climate (Wang et. al. 2011). Both of the GCMs provided the projections from 2070 to 2099 under three GHG emission scenarios. Since no re ...
Revised 21st century temperature projections *, Paul C. Knappenberger Patrick J. Michaels
... effects of black carbon aerosol Jacobson (2001) determined that the global mean direct radiative forcing from BC aerosols was greater than any previous estimates, including the mean value used in the TAR models (0.55 vs 0.40 W m–2). There are 2 primary anthropogenic sources of BC aerosols of roughly ...
... effects of black carbon aerosol Jacobson (2001) determined that the global mean direct radiative forcing from BC aerosols was greater than any previous estimates, including the mean value used in the TAR models (0.55 vs 0.40 W m–2). There are 2 primary anthropogenic sources of BC aerosols of roughly ...
India`s Megacities and Climate Change
... or dependent production and consumption of crucial resources and also the sheer numbers of poor people dwelling in urban centres in developing countries highlight how important it is for cities to prepare for climatic impacts and lower their anthropogenic contribution towards greenhouse gas emission ...
... or dependent production and consumption of crucial resources and also the sheer numbers of poor people dwelling in urban centres in developing countries highlight how important it is for cities to prepare for climatic impacts and lower their anthropogenic contribution towards greenhouse gas emission ...
Africa`s climate opportunity: Adapting and thriving
... called green growth, is an attractive opportunity for countries in Africa. Green growth strategies can generate policies and programmes that deliver these goals simultaneously. They accelerate investment in resource-efficient technologies and new industries, while managing costs and risks to taxpaye ...
... called green growth, is an attractive opportunity for countries in Africa. Green growth strategies can generate policies and programmes that deliver these goals simultaneously. They accelerate investment in resource-efficient technologies and new industries, while managing costs and risks to taxpaye ...
Comment by: Patrick J. Michaels and Paul C. Knappenberger
... The IWG2010 report noted that, concerning the low end of the ECS distribution, its determination reflected a greater degree of certainty that a low ECS value could be excluded than did the IPCC. From the IWG2010 (p. 14): “Finally, we note the IPCC judgment that the equilibrium climate sensitivity “i ...
... The IWG2010 report noted that, concerning the low end of the ECS distribution, its determination reflected a greater degree of certainty that a low ECS value could be excluded than did the IPCC. From the IWG2010 (p. 14): “Finally, we note the IPCC judgment that the equilibrium climate sensitivity “i ...
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... climate change on the Chinese national economy. Shuze et al (1996) and Magadaza (1996) assessed the impact of climate change on Southern Africa. Downing (1992) studied the impact of climate change for Kenya, Senegal, Zimbabwe, and Chile; Muchena (1994) did the same for Zimbabwe. Ahmed et. al (2009a) ...
... climate change on the Chinese national economy. Shuze et al (1996) and Magadaza (1996) assessed the impact of climate change on Southern Africa. Downing (1992) studied the impact of climate change for Kenya, Senegal, Zimbabwe, and Chile; Muchena (1994) did the same for Zimbabwe. Ahmed et. al (2009a) ...
Conflict over Climate Change Politics - GUPEA
... Among obstacles for an effortless agreement were reasons concerning climate change policy. The so-called climate-bill (Climate Change Act) was carried through the UK Parliament in 2008, just months before a decision was to be taken about third runway at Heathrow. The climate-bill1 set out juridicall ...
... Among obstacles for an effortless agreement were reasons concerning climate change policy. The so-called climate-bill (Climate Change Act) was carried through the UK Parliament in 2008, just months before a decision was to be taken about third runway at Heathrow. The climate-bill1 set out juridicall ...
DEA Annual Report presentation
... to National Treasury and Presidency/DPME • All DEA quarterly reports submitted to National Treasury and DPME within timeframes; interim financial statements submitted to National Treasury on time, • DEA Annual report for 2014/15 tabled to Parliament Unqualified audit report Unqualified audit report ...
... to National Treasury and Presidency/DPME • All DEA quarterly reports submitted to National Treasury and DPME within timeframes; interim financial statements submitted to National Treasury on time, • DEA Annual report for 2014/15 tabled to Parliament Unqualified audit report Unqualified audit report ...
Framing Climate: Implications for Local Government Policy
... implementation of possible policy strategies (England 2007). This dearth of research and information is considerably significant as local governments, with their responsibilities in land use planing, infrastructure and protection of community well-being, will be at the coalface of managing the conse ...
... implementation of possible policy strategies (England 2007). This dearth of research and information is considerably significant as local governments, with their responsibilities in land use planing, infrastructure and protection of community well-being, will be at the coalface of managing the conse ...
Atmospheric circulation as a source of uncertainty in climate change
... in model projections under the same forcing scenario that are not attributable to natural variability represent model uncertainty and increasingly dominate over differences due to natural variability as the time horizon increases23. Although the concept of model error is not well-defined in the case ...
... in model projections under the same forcing scenario that are not attributable to natural variability represent model uncertainty and increasingly dominate over differences due to natural variability as the time horizon increases23. Although the concept of model error is not well-defined in the case ...
Ground surface temperature scenarios in complex high
... The climate station at Corvatsch began operation in 1981. To generate an observational time series covering the same period as the time slices of RCM control runs (CTRL; 1961– 1990), the Corvatsch time series was extended with linear regression using neighboring high-elevation climate stations that ...
... The climate station at Corvatsch began operation in 1981. To generate an observational time series covering the same period as the time slices of RCM control runs (CTRL; 1961– 1990), the Corvatsch time series was extended with linear regression using neighboring high-elevation climate stations that ...
a critical look at “the moral case for fossil fuels”
... delivered enormous social benefits historically and yet reasonably ask whether the costs and risks associated with continued dependence on fossil fuels are so great that it makes sense now to shift to a cleaner energy supply. Indeed, many people, including most environmentalists, would immediately a ...
... delivered enormous social benefits historically and yet reasonably ask whether the costs and risks associated with continued dependence on fossil fuels are so great that it makes sense now to shift to a cleaner energy supply. Indeed, many people, including most environmentalists, would immediately a ...
Provide an initial estimate of the uncertainty in UK predicted climate
... emphasised here), in that as finer scales are considered, additional phenomena and processes must be modelled, thus increasing the scope for disagreement amongst models. This source of uncertainty is therefore also relevant within a ‘consistent’ modelling framework, such as an RCM/GCM combination wi ...
... emphasised here), in that as finer scales are considered, additional phenomena and processes must be modelled, thus increasing the scope for disagreement amongst models. This source of uncertainty is therefore also relevant within a ‘consistent’ modelling framework, such as an RCM/GCM combination wi ...
BSR Creating an Action Agenda for Private
... insights, and issue expertise in support of sustained business action on climate change. Business and society face unprecedented risks as a consequence of climate-related impacts, including increases in temperature and sea level, increases in the intensity and frequency of extreme weather events, th ...
... insights, and issue expertise in support of sustained business action on climate change. Business and society face unprecedented risks as a consequence of climate-related impacts, including increases in temperature and sea level, increases in the intensity and frequency of extreme weather events, th ...
Caritas Guidelines on Environmental Justice
... poor persons within all countries, thereby exacerbating inequities in health status and access to adequate food, clean water and other resources’”.7 Caritas Oceania takes great heart from the formation of this coalition of agencies in the UK. We have always considered that the place accorded the env ...
... poor persons within all countries, thereby exacerbating inequities in health status and access to adequate food, clean water and other resources’”.7 Caritas Oceania takes great heart from the formation of this coalition of agencies in the UK. We have always considered that the place accorded the env ...
adaptation
... Climate change should be a strategic focus area for UN public outreach and publicity Climate change should be mainstreamed into all UN programme and work streams Increased support for action on adaptation Further improved scientific research ...
... Climate change should be a strategic focus area for UN public outreach and publicity Climate change should be mainstreamed into all UN programme and work streams Increased support for action on adaptation Further improved scientific research ...
View/Open - University College Cork
... certain observations are under continuous threat of termination and no mechanism currently exists to assure their funding support over time scales relevant for climate studies. Complete and regular detailed analysis should be carried out and reported on all ECV observations, including satellite data ...
... certain observations are under continuous threat of termination and no mechanism currently exists to assure their funding support over time scales relevant for climate studies. Complete and regular detailed analysis should be carried out and reported on all ECV observations, including satellite data ...
why every european country needs a coal phase
... respected New Energy Finance analyst group publishes updated costs for all power generation types every quarter. In October 2015 it said, ‘onshore wind and solar PV are both now much more competitive against the established generation technologies than would have seemed possible only five or 10 year ...
... respected New Energy Finance analyst group publishes updated costs for all power generation types every quarter. In October 2015 it said, ‘onshore wind and solar PV are both now much more competitive against the established generation technologies than would have seemed possible only five or 10 year ...
Impact of Climate Change on the Poor in Bolivia
... addition to adding to greenhouse gas emissions, this “also increases the devastation caused by flooding as natural forms of protection have been removed.” The impact of deforestation on the poor coupled with climate change is not very clear. It is important to note that most of the land that has bee ...
... addition to adding to greenhouse gas emissions, this “also increases the devastation caused by flooding as natural forms of protection have been removed.” The impact of deforestation on the poor coupled with climate change is not very clear. It is important to note that most of the land that has bee ...
The Climate Change Tort Suits
... – If state cannot act by Jan. 2, 2011, EPA will then act to “narrow” federal approval of state program before that date – Where states do not have authority to issue permits, EPA may do so directly – States still can use lower thresholds if they prove adequate permitting resources to do so ...
... – If state cannot act by Jan. 2, 2011, EPA will then act to “narrow” federal approval of state program before that date – Where states do not have authority to issue permits, EPA may do so directly – States still can use lower thresholds if they prove adequate permitting resources to do so ...
institutional capacity and climate actions case studies
... 1. Introduction It has become increasingly clear that enhancing the scope of climate actions and commitments will not be possible without strengthening governance and building capacity. In any country, developed or developing, lack of adequate institutional capacity is an obstacle for the adoption o ...
... 1. Introduction It has become increasingly clear that enhancing the scope of climate actions and commitments will not be possible without strengthening governance and building capacity. In any country, developed or developing, lack of adequate institutional capacity is an obstacle for the adoption o ...
Climate Change Impacts on Australia and the Benefits of Early
... agriculture and forestry, help ensure Australia’s public health infrastructure can keep pace with emerging health challenges, and reduce the chance of large-scale singularities. Nevertheless, even with a return to 350 ppmv as the stabilisation level, the Earth will not be able to avoid its current c ...
... agriculture and forestry, help ensure Australia’s public health infrastructure can keep pace with emerging health challenges, and reduce the chance of large-scale singularities. Nevertheless, even with a return to 350 ppmv as the stabilisation level, the Earth will not be able to avoid its current c ...
Abrupt Non-Linear Climate Change, Irreversibility and
... The overall Project is overseen by the OECD Working Party on Global and Structural Policy (Environment Policy Committee). The Secretariat would like to thank the governments of Canada, Germany and the United States for providing extra-budgetary financial support for the work. This paper is issued as ...
... The overall Project is overseen by the OECD Working Party on Global and Structural Policy (Environment Policy Committee). The Secretariat would like to thank the governments of Canada, Germany and the United States for providing extra-budgetary financial support for the work. This paper is issued as ...
Preparing for worst case climate change scenarios
... On request of Minister Jacqueline Cramer the 7th meeting of the VROM International Affairs Think Tank, scheduled for 8 July 2009, will address to the topic “Preparing for worst case climate change scenarios”. A number of developments have led to this decision. Up till now the last IPCC report (AR4) ...
... On request of Minister Jacqueline Cramer the 7th meeting of the VROM International Affairs Think Tank, scheduled for 8 July 2009, will address to the topic “Preparing for worst case climate change scenarios”. A number of developments have led to this decision. Up till now the last IPCC report (AR4) ...
Why every european country needs a coal phase-out
... respected New Energy Finance analyst group publishes updated costs for all power generation types every quarter. In October 2015 it said, ‘onshore wind and solar PV are both now much more competitive against the established generation technologies than would have seemed possible only five or 10 year ...
... respected New Energy Finance analyst group publishes updated costs for all power generation types every quarter. In October 2015 it said, ‘onshore wind and solar PV are both now much more competitive against the established generation technologies than would have seemed possible only five or 10 year ...