International Legal Challenges Concerning Marine Scientific
... system.”2 The debate on these technologies initially originated from the field of natural sciences, but has increasingly been taken up by State governments, international organizations and non-governmental organizations (NGOs). It was fostered by the failure of the community of States to agree on st ...
... system.”2 The debate on these technologies initially originated from the field of natural sciences, but has increasingly been taken up by State governments, international organizations and non-governmental organizations (NGOs). It was fostered by the failure of the community of States to agree on st ...
Ocean Acidification
... that certain experiments “require rigorous operator control and have time intensive set up and calibration routines” (Waters, 2012, p.15). Rérolle et al. (2012) presented three core methods of measuring pH of seawater which this paper will brief on and discuss advantages and disadvantages. The first ...
... that certain experiments “require rigorous operator control and have time intensive set up and calibration routines” (Waters, 2012, p.15). Rérolle et al. (2012) presented three core methods of measuring pH of seawater which this paper will brief on and discuss advantages and disadvantages. The first ...
Giving Definition to Indefinite Contracts for the Trading, Storage and
... dioxide. Thus one metric ton of emitted methane is measured as 23 metric tons of emitted carbon dioxide. If readers think about it carefully this is an intangible abstraction. However, climate exchanges deals not only with intangible commodities (emissions allowances and offset credits) but these ar ...
... dioxide. Thus one metric ton of emitted methane is measured as 23 metric tons of emitted carbon dioxide. If readers think about it carefully this is an intangible abstraction. However, climate exchanges deals not only with intangible commodities (emissions allowances and offset credits) but these ar ...
by Ralph F. Keeling
... In a recent article in this journal (1), Beck questions whether the rise in atmospheric CO2 over the past 50 years is truly unprecedented, citing observations that appear to indicate much higher variability in the 19th and early 20th centuries. Beck furthermore asserts that these earlier data have b ...
... In a recent article in this journal (1), Beck questions whether the rise in atmospheric CO2 over the past 50 years is truly unprecedented, citing observations that appear to indicate much higher variability in the 19th and early 20th centuries. Beck furthermore asserts that these earlier data have b ...
Presentation to the Emeritus Faculty, Australian National
... The suggested “punishments” look more like toothless tigers: if China and India decline to subscribe to Kyoto II, that itself indicates a lack of interest in emissions trading credits, and both are doing quite well enough without development assistance. The EU’s threat to impose trade sanctions is o ...
... The suggested “punishments” look more like toothless tigers: if China and India decline to subscribe to Kyoto II, that itself indicates a lack of interest in emissions trading credits, and both are doing quite well enough without development assistance. The EU’s threat to impose trade sanctions is o ...
A Pilot Project in the Thermal Power Plant of NALCO, India (Pradhan).
... Each gram of algae will capture 1.8 gm of CO2. ...
... Each gram of algae will capture 1.8 gm of CO2. ...
Savannas and the carbon storage story
... ustralia’s tropical savannas account for around a third of Australia’s land-based carbon stores. However, savannas are regularly swept by bushfires that release many tonnes of carbon dioxide (CO2) into the atmosphere. To find out how much carbon is stored in Australian tropical savanna ecosystems, r ...
... ustralia’s tropical savannas account for around a third of Australia’s land-based carbon stores. However, savannas are regularly swept by bushfires that release many tonnes of carbon dioxide (CO2) into the atmosphere. To find out how much carbon is stored in Australian tropical savanna ecosystems, r ...
carbon offset carbon offset
... below the poverty line. In these locations, problems include unsustainable farming practices and overgrazing that cause erosion and loss of habitat for wildlife species. Creating a successful conservation and climate change mitigation strategy for the region requires addressing the needs of those ge ...
... below the poverty line. In these locations, problems include unsustainable farming practices and overgrazing that cause erosion and loss of habitat for wildlife species. Creating a successful conservation and climate change mitigation strategy for the region requires addressing the needs of those ge ...
lecture25erk - The University of Arizona Department of
... ends up in the ocean. • Absorbed CO2 forms carbonic acid in seawater, lowering the slightly alkaline pH level, changing the balance of carbonate & bicarbonate ions. • Shift toward acidity & ensuing changes in ocean chemistry, make it more difficult for creatures to build hard parts out of calcium ca ...
... ends up in the ocean. • Absorbed CO2 forms carbonic acid in seawater, lowering the slightly alkaline pH level, changing the balance of carbonate & bicarbonate ions. • Shift toward acidity & ensuing changes in ocean chemistry, make it more difficult for creatures to build hard parts out of calcium ca ...
Influence of Indian Ocean warming on the southern hemisphere
... Although there is some observational evidence for a band of reduced sea level on the northern side of the ACC, with centers southeast of Africa and southeast of Australia, these results are more difficult to compare directly with observed trends because of the absence of topography. At this stage th ...
... Although there is some observational evidence for a band of reduced sea level on the northern side of the ACC, with centers southeast of Africa and southeast of Australia, these results are more difficult to compare directly with observed trends because of the absence of topography. At this stage th ...
2012 Report - National Parks UK
... blanket bogs, the water table should be close to the surface to maintain active sequestration (carbon sink). If the water table drops then air gets into the peat and decomposition starts, changing the peat into a source of carbon. One of the major routes of carbon loss from peatland is in water flow ...
... blanket bogs, the water table should be close to the surface to maintain active sequestration (carbon sink). If the water table drops then air gets into the peat and decomposition starts, changing the peat into a source of carbon. One of the major routes of carbon loss from peatland is in water flow ...
Folie 1
... agriculture (approx 20% each) is on of the top 4 sectors contributing so some 35 GtCO2e/a › 3-fold pressure to move out of conventional farming: a) climate impact of agriculture to be reduced (factor 2) b) readjusting the rural/urban balance: fossil fuel prices, enhancing rural value generation c) N ...
... agriculture (approx 20% each) is on of the top 4 sectors contributing so some 35 GtCO2e/a › 3-fold pressure to move out of conventional farming: a) climate impact of agriculture to be reduced (factor 2) b) readjusting the rural/urban balance: fossil fuel prices, enhancing rural value generation c) N ...
Climate Science Background Briefing
... weathering of carbonate rocks, the sedimentation of marine animals to form new rocks, and the release of carbon dioxide by volcanoes as one seabed is pushed underneath another by tectonic action. But this takes place over very long periods of time – so it is not normally included in a simplified vie ...
... weathering of carbonate rocks, the sedimentation of marine animals to form new rocks, and the release of carbon dioxide by volcanoes as one seabed is pushed underneath another by tectonic action. But this takes place over very long periods of time – so it is not normally included in a simplified vie ...
Climate Care - Proposal Balance Costs
... “Drastic cuts in carbon emissions are necessary to stabilise climate change and carbon offsetting has a vital role to play in this process. While the first step for any business or individual must be to cut emissions at source, offsetting allows those who are not obliged to take action to balance ou ...
... “Drastic cuts in carbon emissions are necessary to stabilise climate change and carbon offsetting has a vital role to play in this process. While the first step for any business or individual must be to cut emissions at source, offsetting allows those who are not obliged to take action to balance ou ...
Biogeochemical Cycles and Climate
... organic processes of photosynthesis and respiration and/or decay. These elements are carbon (C), nitrogen (N), sulfur (S), oxygen (O), and—for completeness, because it is an important biological nutrient—phosphorus (P). We will begin with a discussion of gases whose production or consumption on the ...
... organic processes of photosynthesis and respiration and/or decay. These elements are carbon (C), nitrogen (N), sulfur (S), oxygen (O), and—for completeness, because it is an important biological nutrient—phosphorus (P). We will begin with a discussion of gases whose production or consumption on the ...
The role of the Southern Ocean in Earth System modelling
... Regions of deep water formation are of great importance for the uptake of CO2 and heat because they are a pathway to the interior ocean, where CO2 and heat can enter the interior ocean and be stored in a vast volume. ...
... Regions of deep water formation are of great importance for the uptake of CO2 and heat because they are a pathway to the interior ocean, where CO2 and heat can enter the interior ocean and be stored in a vast volume. ...
Ocean Acidification and the Southern Ocean
... calcifying organisms or calcifiers) to form their shells. Calcifying organisms play critical roles in marine ecosystems, including the Southern Ocean, and changing populations of such organisms could have serious consequences for the food web. In recognition of this, the ATME on Climate Change held ...
... calcifying organisms or calcifiers) to form their shells. Calcifying organisms play critical roles in marine ecosystems, including the Southern Ocean, and changing populations of such organisms could have serious consequences for the food web. In recognition of this, the ATME on Climate Change held ...
The carbon budget of the northern cryosphere region
... gradually in ice-poor permafrost and abruptly in ice-rich permafrost, exposing organic C to microbial decomposition [45]. Abrupt permafrost thaw results in subsidence and may lead to thermal erosion. This thermokarst disturbance interacts strongly with local hydrology and can lead to either well-dr ...
... gradually in ice-poor permafrost and abruptly in ice-rich permafrost, exposing organic C to microbial decomposition [45]. Abrupt permafrost thaw results in subsidence and may lead to thermal erosion. This thermokarst disturbance interacts strongly with local hydrology and can lead to either well-dr ...
Lesson 6 - Scientist in Residence Program
... the atmosphere to the reservoir, and from the reservoir back into the atmosphere. Here is some info on the 5 carbon reservoirs we will be dealing with: Reservoir 0: The Atmosphere [contains about 800 billion tons of carbon]. Carbon is stored as carbon dioxide, CO2 (and minimal quantities of carbon m ...
... the atmosphere to the reservoir, and from the reservoir back into the atmosphere. Here is some info on the 5 carbon reservoirs we will be dealing with: Reservoir 0: The Atmosphere [contains about 800 billion tons of carbon]. Carbon is stored as carbon dioxide, CO2 (and minimal quantities of carbon m ...
Addressing Oceans and Climate Change in Federal Legislation
... conduct basic and applied research, monitoring and analysis, and modeling and forecasting, with the goal of translating data into information products that can be used to develop sound policies to mitigate and adapt to environmental and socioeconomic impacts stemming from climate change. Ocean scien ...
... conduct basic and applied research, monitoring and analysis, and modeling and forecasting, with the goal of translating data into information products that can be used to develop sound policies to mitigate and adapt to environmental and socioeconomic impacts stemming from climate change. Ocean scien ...
What Trees Can Do to Reduce Atmospheric C02
... Trees and the Uptake of Atmospheric CO2 Forested ecosystems sequester carbon through the annual increment in growth in their woody biomass, plus the proportion of litter fall that becomes incorporated into the soil carbon pool. When trees are first planted, a large proportion of the annual exchange ...
... Trees and the Uptake of Atmospheric CO2 Forested ecosystems sequester carbon through the annual increment in growth in their woody biomass, plus the proportion of litter fall that becomes incorporated into the soil carbon pool. When trees are first planted, a large proportion of the annual exchange ...
http://www.tigurl.org/images/tiged/docs/activities/565.pdf
... dissolved in water. Phytoplankton is one of these important plants as they produce up to 50% of the atmospheric oxygen through photosynthesis. Other important sinks are the worlds oceans. The world’s oceans are absorbing an unprecedented amount of carbon dioxide (CO2), which is increasing their acid ...
... dissolved in water. Phytoplankton is one of these important plants as they produce up to 50% of the atmospheric oxygen through photosynthesis. Other important sinks are the worlds oceans. The world’s oceans are absorbing an unprecedented amount of carbon dioxide (CO2), which is increasing their acid ...
Ocean acidification: causes, impacts and solutions
... ion concentration (H+) in a liquid, and pH is the logarithmic scale on which this concentration is measured. It is important to note that acidity increases as the pH decreases. ...
... ion concentration (H+) in a liquid, and pH is the logarithmic scale on which this concentration is measured. It is important to note that acidity increases as the pH decreases. ...
Iron fertilization
Iron fertilization is the intentional introduction of iron to the upper ocean to stimulate a phytoplankton bloom. This is intended to enhance biological productivity, which can benefit the marine food chain and is under investigation in hopes of increasing carbon dioxide removal from the atmosphere. Iron is a trace element necessary for photosynthesis in all plants. It is highly insoluble in sea water and is often the limiting nutrient for phytoplankton growth. Large algal blooms can be created by supplying iron to iron-deficient ocean waters.A number of ocean labs, scientists and businesses are exploring fertilization as a means to sequester atmospheric carbon dioxide in the deep ocean, and to increase marine biological productivity which is likely in decline as a result of climate change. Since 1993, thirteen international research teams have completed ocean trials demonstrating that phytoplankton blooms can be stimulated by iron addition. However, controversy remains over the effectiveness of atmospheric CO2 sequestration and ecological effects. The most recent open ocean trials of ocean iron fertilization were in 2009 (January to March) in the South Atlantic by project Lohafex, and in July 2012 in the North Pacific off the coast of British Columbia, Canada, by the Haida Salmon Restoration Corporation (HSRC).Fertilization also occurs naturally when upwellings bring nutrient-rich water to the surface, as occurs when ocean currents meet an ocean bank or a sea mount. This form of fertilization produces the world's largest marine habitats. Fertilization can also occur when weather carries wind blown dust long distances over the ocean, or iron-rich minerals are carried into the ocean by glaciers, rivers and icebergs.