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9693 AS Marine Science
... Biodiversity takes into account the numbers of different species present and the range of habitats and ecosystems. Coral reefs, for example, have a high biodiversity with many different species present, whereas a sandy shore has a low biodiversity as there are relatively few different species in thi ...
... Biodiversity takes into account the numbers of different species present and the range of habitats and ecosystems. Coral reefs, for example, have a high biodiversity with many different species present, whereas a sandy shore has a low biodiversity as there are relatively few different species in thi ...
The evolution of the marine phosphate reservoir
... in dissolved silica from modern concentrations (that is, from ,0.1 to 0.67 mM) would cause an 85.6% decrease in the amount of phosphate sorbed to ferric oxides (Supplementary Fig 1). This decrease is virtually identical to the magnitude of the observed increase in P/Fe ratios occurring subsequent to ...
... in dissolved silica from modern concentrations (that is, from ,0.1 to 0.67 mM) would cause an 85.6% decrease in the amount of phosphate sorbed to ferric oxides (Supplementary Fig 1). This decrease is virtually identical to the magnitude of the observed increase in P/Fe ratios occurring subsequent to ...
Scientists-testimoni..
... It has come to our attention that the French deep-sea fleet owner, Intermarché, has produced an advertisement claiming that their fishing practices are “responsible” and “respect the well-being of nature and mankind,” and that one of their four “axes” is “respect for natural resources… and protectin ...
... It has come to our attention that the French deep-sea fleet owner, Intermarché, has produced an advertisement claiming that their fishing practices are “responsible” and “respect the well-being of nature and mankind,” and that one of their four “axes” is “respect for natural resources… and protectin ...
FROM: The Antarctic Coastal Current
... southernmost current in the world. This current is the counter-current of the largest ocean current in the world, Antarctic Circumpolar Current. On the average, it flows westward and parallel to the Antarctic coastline. Although it is circumpolar, the Antarctic Peninsula partially impedes its flow ( ...
... southernmost current in the world. This current is the counter-current of the largest ocean current in the world, Antarctic Circumpolar Current. On the average, it flows westward and parallel to the Antarctic coastline. Although it is circumpolar, the Antarctic Peninsula partially impedes its flow ( ...
CLEAN WATER ACT Synonyms Definition Description Bibliography
... involving sea-ice albedo, methane release from permafrost and marine sediments, land surface vegetation cover, ice sheet dynamics, and atmosphere-ocean-land exchange of carbon dioxide. In addition to natural climate changes, there is substantial evidence from instrumental records, climate modeling, ...
... involving sea-ice albedo, methane release from permafrost and marine sediments, land surface vegetation cover, ice sheet dynamics, and atmosphere-ocean-land exchange of carbon dioxide. In addition to natural climate changes, there is substantial evidence from instrumental records, climate modeling, ...
Shallow methylmercury production in the marginal sea ice
... An incubation study of isotopically labelled Hg species in Arctic coastal sea water shows the potential for in situ methylation10. Furthermore, observations on the Canadian Archipelago10–12 and the Beaufort Sea13 suggest that in situ methylation in sea water is indeed a relevant phenomenon. MeHg pro ...
... An incubation study of isotopically labelled Hg species in Arctic coastal sea water shows the potential for in situ methylation10. Furthermore, observations on the Canadian Archipelago10–12 and the Beaufort Sea13 suggest that in situ methylation in sea water is indeed a relevant phenomenon. MeHg pro ...
Sea Floor Spreading, Thomas
... magnetic field when the rocks were formed. The polarity of the rocks at the ridge have the same polarity as the Earth does today. What effect do you think sea-floor spreading has on the size of the ocean floor? It causes it to expand because it produces more crust. Where does all of this crust go? D ...
... magnetic field when the rocks were formed. The polarity of the rocks at the ridge have the same polarity as the Earth does today. What effect do you think sea-floor spreading has on the size of the ocean floor? It causes it to expand because it produces more crust. Where does all of this crust go? D ...
Slide 1
... In the oceans, carbon dioxide exchange is largely controlled by sea surface temperatures, circulating currents, and by the biological processes of photosynthesis and respiration. There is a higher capacity to hold a gas with a lower temperature than with a higher temperature, which means that more c ...
... In the oceans, carbon dioxide exchange is largely controlled by sea surface temperatures, circulating currents, and by the biological processes of photosynthesis and respiration. There is a higher capacity to hold a gas with a lower temperature than with a higher temperature, which means that more c ...
activity 1
... .................................................. . He hypothesized that there was a gigantic supercontinent 200 million years ago (...........................) surrounded by a gigantic ocean (............................................). The fit of the continents and the distribution of ......... ...
... .................................................. . He hypothesized that there was a gigantic supercontinent 200 million years ago (...........................) surrounded by a gigantic ocean (............................................). The fit of the continents and the distribution of ......... ...
Sediment classification, part 2
... • This is the primary way that lithogenous material from regions far from the ocean reach the sea. • Windborne (aeolian) material makes up much of the red and brown clays of the mid-ocean basins, especially at about 30 degrees North latitude and 30 degrees South latitude – these are where the Earth’ ...
... • This is the primary way that lithogenous material from regions far from the ocean reach the sea. • Windborne (aeolian) material makes up much of the red and brown clays of the mid-ocean basins, especially at about 30 degrees North latitude and 30 degrees South latitude – these are where the Earth’ ...
IOC/SCOR Workshop on Global Ocean Ecosystem Dynamics
... and other records,we know that decadal changes of orders of magnitude have occurred in the major fish stocks of the ocean which cannot be explained merely by fishing pressure. It has been hypothesized that large year classes are uncommon events driven by a combination of favorable interactions of oc ...
... and other records,we know that decadal changes of orders of magnitude have occurred in the major fish stocks of the ocean which cannot be explained merely by fishing pressure. It has been hypothesized that large year classes are uncommon events driven by a combination of favorable interactions of oc ...
Continental Drift, sea floor spreading and plate tectonics PDF
... through the center of most oceans. The range when all connected were 65,000 km long. In 1947, scientists went to map the Mid-Atlantic ridge. While studying the ridge, the scientists collected and studied rock samples. They found ...
... through the center of most oceans. The range when all connected were 65,000 km long. In 1947, scientists went to map the Mid-Atlantic ridge. While studying the ridge, the scientists collected and studied rock samples. They found ...
Theory of Continental Drift
... through the center of most oceans. The range when all connected were 65,000 km long. In 1947, scientists went to map the Mid-Atlantic ridge. While studying the ridge, the scientists collected and studied rock samples. They found ...
... through the center of most oceans. The range when all connected were 65,000 km long. In 1947, scientists went to map the Mid-Atlantic ridge. While studying the ridge, the scientists collected and studied rock samples. They found ...
Citizens Guide to the Territorial Sea Plan
... What will the outcome of the process be and when will it be concluded? The LCDC will use the OPAC and TSPAC recommendations to produce a series of maps and other information for inclusion in the TSP. Those maps will have two functions. First, they will identify resources, areas and uses that need to ...
... What will the outcome of the process be and when will it be concluded? The LCDC will use the OPAC and TSPAC recommendations to produce a series of maps and other information for inclusion in the TSP. Those maps will have two functions. First, they will identify resources, areas and uses that need to ...
CHAPTER 1 - RECOGNIZING OCEAN ASSETS AND CHALLENGES
... The ocean economy includes activities that rely directly on 21⁄2 times larger than that of the farm sector. ocean attributes or that take place on or under the ocean. The level of overall economic activity within In 2000, Tourism and Recreation was the largest sector in the coastal areas is even hig ...
... The ocean economy includes activities that rely directly on 21⁄2 times larger than that of the farm sector. ocean attributes or that take place on or under the ocean. The level of overall economic activity within In 2000, Tourism and Recreation was the largest sector in the coastal areas is even hig ...
Beyond_the_Beach
... water depth – 4000-6000 m (only trenches are deeper) abyssal hills, include rough relief from volcanic formation abyssal plains, smooth surface due to burial by sediment Continental margins created by sediment from land that builds into ocean basins ...
... water depth – 4000-6000 m (only trenches are deeper) abyssal hills, include rough relief from volcanic formation abyssal plains, smooth surface due to burial by sediment Continental margins created by sediment from land that builds into ocean basins ...
Surface Currents - Mrs. Leachman Science
... If the wind speed is great enough, the water begins to pile up, forming a wave The height of a wave depends on: The speed of the wind The distance over which the wind blows The length of time the wind blows ...
... If the wind speed is great enough, the water begins to pile up, forming a wave The height of a wave depends on: The speed of the wind The distance over which the wind blows The length of time the wind blows ...
Programme - The Future Ocean
... (< 1 µm in diameter) over the oceans are still largely unknown however very important as the nature of aerosol particles determines their direct (e.g. scattering and absorbing global radiation) and indirect effects (impact on cloud formation) on the climate system. This presentation will introduce ...
... (< 1 µm in diameter) over the oceans are still largely unknown however very important as the nature of aerosol particles determines their direct (e.g. scattering and absorbing global radiation) and indirect effects (impact on cloud formation) on the climate system. This presentation will introduce ...
PLATE TECTONICS AND CLIMATE CHANGE
... effect of paleogeography alone does not account for all of the warmth characteristic of much of the Mesozoic and early Cenozoic. This work concluded that some other climate forcing factor in addition to paleogeography (probably elevated concentrations of atmospheric CO2) must have contributed to the ...
... effect of paleogeography alone does not account for all of the warmth characteristic of much of the Mesozoic and early Cenozoic. This work concluded that some other climate forcing factor in addition to paleogeography (probably elevated concentrations of atmospheric CO2) must have contributed to the ...
NENIMF Facility Overview
... The Northeast National Ion Microprobe Facility (NENIMF) was established at Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution by Nobumichi Shimizu in 1996. It is a multi-user facility specializing in Secondary Ionization Mass Spectrometry (SIMS), a powerful micro-analytical technique with broad applications to bo ...
... The Northeast National Ion Microprobe Facility (NENIMF) was established at Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution by Nobumichi Shimizu in 1996. It is a multi-user facility specializing in Secondary Ionization Mass Spectrometry (SIMS), a powerful micro-analytical technique with broad applications to bo ...
Continental Drift and Seafloor Spreading
... 3. Glossopteris- plant fossils found on different continents- Plant fossils 4. Tropical plant fossils that were found on an island in Artic Ocean! (Scratches in rocks made by glaciers in South Africa) The continental drift theory was NOT accepted because Wegener could not explain HOW the continents ...
... 3. Glossopteris- plant fossils found on different continents- Plant fossils 4. Tropical plant fossils that were found on an island in Artic Ocean! (Scratches in rocks made by glaciers in South Africa) The continental drift theory was NOT accepted because Wegener could not explain HOW the continents ...
Ocean acidification
![](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/WOA05_GLODAP_del_pH_AYool.png?width=300)
Ocean acidification is the ongoing decrease in the pH of the Earth's oceans, caused by the uptake of carbon dioxide (CO2) from the atmosphere. An estimated 30–40% of the carbon dioxide from human activity released into the atmosphere dissolves into oceans, rivers and lakes. To achieve chemical equilibrium, some of it reacts with the water to form carbonic acid. Some of these extra carbonic acid molecules react with a water molecule to give a bicarbonate ion and a hydronium ion, thus increasing ocean acidity (H+ ion concentration). Between 1751 and 1994 surface ocean pH is estimated to have decreased from approximately 8.25 to 8.14, representing an increase of almost 30% in H+ ion concentration in the world's oceans. Since current and projected ocean pH levels are above 7.0, the oceans are technically alkaline now and will remain so; referring to this effect as ""decreasing ocean alkalinity"" would be equally correct if less politically useful. Earth System Models project that within the last decade ocean acidity exceeded historical analogs and in combination with other ocean biogeochemical changes could undermine the functioning of marine ecosystems and disrupt the provision of many goods and services associated with the ocean.Increasing acidity is thought to have a range of possibly harmful consequences, such as depressing metabolic rates and immune responses in some organisms, and causing coral bleaching. This also causes decreasing oxygen levels as it kills off algae.Other chemical reactions are triggered which result in a net decrease in the amount of carbonate ions available. This makes it more difficult for marine calcifying organisms, such as coral and some plankton, to form biogenic calcium carbonate, and such structures become vulnerable to dissolution. Ongoing acidification of the oceans threatens food chains connected with the oceans. As members of the InterAcademy Panel, 105 science academies have issued a statement on ocean acidification recommending that by 2050, global CO2 emissions be reduced by at least 50% compared to the 1990 level.Ocean acidification has been called the ""evil twin of global warming"" and ""the other CO2 problem"".Ocean acidification has occurred previously in Earth's history. The most notable example is the Paleocene-Eocene Thermal Maximum (PETM), which occurred approximately 56 million years ago. For reasons that are currently uncertain, massive amounts of carbon entered the ocean and atmosphere, and led to the dissolution of carbonate sediments in all ocean basins.