Energy from Earth`s interior supports life in global ecosystem
... methane or by reducing sulphate, while others get Chemosynthetic life plays a role energy by breaking down organic carbon by means of fermentation. Mark Lever and his colleagues developed new sampling methods to avoid sampling microbial contaminants from seawater, which is often a major Basalt is th ...
... methane or by reducing sulphate, while others get Chemosynthetic life plays a role energy by breaking down organic carbon by means of fermentation. Mark Lever and his colleagues developed new sampling methods to avoid sampling microbial contaminants from seawater, which is often a major Basalt is th ...
Ocean and Coastal Processes Ocean Basins Ocean Basins Tides
... • Ocean Wave Heights increasing since 1980 • Both in Atlantic and Pacific • Average storm wave heights are measured ...
... • Ocean Wave Heights increasing since 1980 • Both in Atlantic and Pacific • Average storm wave heights are measured ...
unep/cbd/sbstta/20/inf/25
... skeletal structure changes, which may indicate that energetic budgets are changing as the corals acclimate to new conditions. 17. The aragonite saturation horizon is projected to become much shallower by 2100, leaving about 70% of cold-water coral reefs in undersaturated seawater. This will mean the ...
... skeletal structure changes, which may indicate that energetic budgets are changing as the corals acclimate to new conditions. 17. The aragonite saturation horizon is projected to become much shallower by 2100, leaving about 70% of cold-water coral reefs in undersaturated seawater. This will mean the ...
The framework - COSEE Alaska
... changes in climate, both locally and on global scales. OL1. Earth has one big ocean with many features. OL1c Throughout the ocean there is one interconnected circulation system powered by wind, tides, the force of the Earth’s rotation (Coriolis effect), the Sun, and water density differences. The ...
... changes in climate, both locally and on global scales. OL1. Earth has one big ocean with many features. OL1c Throughout the ocean there is one interconnected circulation system powered by wind, tides, the force of the Earth’s rotation (Coriolis effect), the Sun, and water density differences. The ...
Plate Tectonics and Continental Drift
... 2. What is the evidence that Continents move? 3. What are the forces that drive plate tectonics? 4. What happens at the boundaries between plates? 5. How do the different types of plate boundaries impact the regional geology and geomorphology? 6. How has continental drift affected the positions of t ...
... 2. What is the evidence that Continents move? 3. What are the forces that drive plate tectonics? 4. What happens at the boundaries between plates? 5. How do the different types of plate boundaries impact the regional geology and geomorphology? 6. How has continental drift affected the positions of t ...
Climate effects on North Sea zooplankton
... north. This geographical movement is much more pronounced than any documented terrestrial study, presumably due to advective processes playing an important role. Other research has shown that the plankton community in the North Sea has responded to changes in SST by adjusting their seasonality (in s ...
... north. This geographical movement is much more pronounced than any documented terrestrial study, presumably due to advective processes playing an important role. Other research has shown that the plankton community in the North Sea has responded to changes in SST by adjusting their seasonality (in s ...
Future changes in climate, ocean circulation, ecosystems, and
... increase in atmospheric N2O concentrations owing to doubling of its oceanic production, leading to a weak positive feedback and contributing about 0.24°C warming at year 4000. Global ocean primary production almost doubles by year 4000. Planktonic biomass increases at high latitudes and in the subtr ...
... increase in atmospheric N2O concentrations owing to doubling of its oceanic production, leading to a weak positive feedback and contributing about 0.24°C warming at year 4000. Global ocean primary production almost doubles by year 4000. Planktonic biomass increases at high latitudes and in the subtr ...
Nordic Master`s Programme in Marine Ecosystems and Climate
... Upon completion of the course, the students will be expected to have an understanding of how the marine ecosystem dynamics is influenced by the interaction between physics, chemistry and biological processes. At the end of the course the student should be able to: 1) Describe how the physics of the ...
... Upon completion of the course, the students will be expected to have an understanding of how the marine ecosystem dynamics is influenced by the interaction between physics, chemistry and biological processes. At the end of the course the student should be able to: 1) Describe how the physics of the ...
1 Oceanic Processes: Introduction
... F IGURE 13: The shallow, wind-driven circulation of the Earth’s oceans. The dominant patterns are the “gyre” of the major ocean basins with water spinning around in a circle. The gyre are (mostly) clockwise in the northern hemisphere and counter-clockwise in the southern hemisphere. Additional curre ...
... F IGURE 13: The shallow, wind-driven circulation of the Earth’s oceans. The dominant patterns are the “gyre” of the major ocean basins with water spinning around in a circle. The gyre are (mostly) clockwise in the northern hemisphere and counter-clockwise in the southern hemisphere. Additional curre ...
Continental-Drift-and-Seafloor-Spreading
... 3. Glossopteris- plant fossils found on different continents- Plant fossils 4. Tropical plant fossils that were found on an island in Artic Ocean! (Scratches in rocks made by glaciers in South Africa) The continental drift theory was NOT accepted because Wegener could not explain HOW the continents ...
... 3. Glossopteris- plant fossils found on different continents- Plant fossils 4. Tropical plant fossils that were found on an island in Artic Ocean! (Scratches in rocks made by glaciers in South Africa) The continental drift theory was NOT accepted because Wegener could not explain HOW the continents ...
H: Chapter 5: Oceanography
... is why many different kinds of resources can be found there, such as petroleum and natural gas deposits. Approximately 20 percent of the world’s oil comes from under the seabed. To extract these substances, wells are drilled into the seafloor from floating vessels and fixed platforms. Other deposits ...
... is why many different kinds of resources can be found there, such as petroleum and natural gas deposits. Approximately 20 percent of the world’s oil comes from under the seabed. To extract these substances, wells are drilled into the seafloor from floating vessels and fixed platforms. Other deposits ...
Review Sheet for Lab Quiz 1
... know how salinity affects water density – fresh water (very low salinity) is less dense and floats on top of saltier water be able to label the three layers of the ocean if shown a graph of temperature versus depth or salinity versus depth know how to read a TSD diagram and be able to use it t ...
... know how salinity affects water density – fresh water (very low salinity) is less dense and floats on top of saltier water be able to label the three layers of the ocean if shown a graph of temperature versus depth or salinity versus depth know how to read a TSD diagram and be able to use it t ...
C O H
... linked. The health of marine ecosystems is affected by human activities such as pollution, global warming, and fishing. But in addition, human health depends on thriving ocean ecosystems. A better understanding about the many ways marine organisms affect human health, both for good by providing drug ...
... linked. The health of marine ecosystems is affected by human activities such as pollution, global warming, and fishing. But in addition, human health depends on thriving ocean ecosystems. A better understanding about the many ways marine organisms affect human health, both for good by providing drug ...
Coastal and Ocean Observing Supports People Who Live, Work
... Understanding the connectivity between the ocean environment and upland ecosystems is critical for monitoring water quality and understanding impacts to marine ecosystems such as coral reefs. Remotely sensed ocean color products provide a mechanism to understand this connection and are proving to be ...
... Understanding the connectivity between the ocean environment and upland ecosystems is critical for monitoring water quality and understanding impacts to marine ecosystems such as coral reefs. Remotely sensed ocean color products provide a mechanism to understand this connection and are proving to be ...
The Truth About Alfred Wegner
... earth's crust, like icebreakers plowing through ice sheets, and that centrifugal and tidal forces were responsible for moving the continents. Opponents of continental drift noted that plowing through oceanic crust would distort continents beyond recognition, and that centrifugal and tidal forces wer ...
... earth's crust, like icebreakers plowing through ice sheets, and that centrifugal and tidal forces were responsible for moving the continents. Opponents of continental drift noted that plowing through oceanic crust would distort continents beyond recognition, and that centrifugal and tidal forces wer ...
Geology of Oceanography
... • In the 1960’s geologists Harry Hess and Robert Dietz hypothesize that the seafloor is in a constant state of creation and destruction • New crust emerges as magma from the asthenosphere pushes up through the rift and solidifies ...
... • In the 1960’s geologists Harry Hess and Robert Dietz hypothesize that the seafloor is in a constant state of creation and destruction • New crust emerges as magma from the asthenosphere pushes up through the rift and solidifies ...
Florida Coastal Ocean Observing System (FL COOS Caucus)
... Many Floridians of diverse ocean-related backgrounds (including academic, government, NGO and private industry) have expressed interest in the development, implementation and use of a comprehensive and integrated Coastal Ocean Observing System (COOS). A venue was needed for discussions between membe ...
... Many Floridians of diverse ocean-related backgrounds (including academic, government, NGO and private industry) have expressed interest in the development, implementation and use of a comprehensive and integrated Coastal Ocean Observing System (COOS). A venue was needed for discussions between membe ...
Chapter 17 Plate Tectonics
... a. a mirror image of that of the other side. b. younger than on the other side. c. much different from the magnetic pattern found in rocks on land. d. at right angles to the ocean ridge. 5. Isochron maps of the seafloor indicate that ocean crust is a. oldest near ocean ridges. c. youngest near ocean ...
... a. a mirror image of that of the other side. b. younger than on the other side. c. much different from the magnetic pattern found in rocks on land. d. at right angles to the ocean ridge. 5. Isochron maps of the seafloor indicate that ocean crust is a. oldest near ocean ridges. c. youngest near ocean ...
1 Midterm Exam I September 26, 2:10 HW714
... activity and the processes of erosion and deposition. • Near shore, the features of the ocean floor are similar to those of the adjacent continents because they share the same granitic basement. The transition to basalt marks the edge of the continent and divides ocean floors into two major province ...
... activity and the processes of erosion and deposition. • Near shore, the features of the ocean floor are similar to those of the adjacent continents because they share the same granitic basement. The transition to basalt marks the edge of the continent and divides ocean floors into two major province ...
Statement: True/False: Information Learned: Important Picture
... Anticipation Guide/Note Sheet Statement: ...
... Anticipation Guide/Note Sheet Statement: ...
Document
... Most sulfur is tied up in sediments and soils. There are large fluxes to the atmosphere, but with short atmospheric lifetimes, the atmospheric S burden is small. SO2: Anthropogenic (fossil fuel combustion) source comparable to natural sources (soils, sediments, volcanoes, DMS oxidation) Sulfur is ox ...
... Most sulfur is tied up in sediments and soils. There are large fluxes to the atmosphere, but with short atmospheric lifetimes, the atmospheric S burden is small. SO2: Anthropogenic (fossil fuel combustion) source comparable to natural sources (soils, sediments, volcanoes, DMS oxidation) Sulfur is ox ...
Quantifying the contribution to atmospheric iodine from
... iodate [Pechtl et al., 2006] and this typically occurs by uptake of inorganic iodine (mostly ...
... iodate [Pechtl et al., 2006] and this typically occurs by uptake of inorganic iodine (mostly ...
Sea Floor Spreading LAB 2017
... continually been forming over millions of years at the mid-ocean ridges. Hess found that on each side of the ridge, sea floor got older as a person moved away from the ridge towards the continents. The older, denser oceanic crust eventually descends into deep trenches along the continents and is rec ...
... continually been forming over millions of years at the mid-ocean ridges. Hess found that on each side of the ridge, sea floor got older as a person moved away from the ridge towards the continents. The older, denser oceanic crust eventually descends into deep trenches along the continents and is rec ...
Quick Quiz Plate Tectonics Introduction to Plate Tectonics
... Dating of basement rocks in N. America show varying age N. America originated as a small landmass Continental accretion added mass to N. America Convergent boundaries make new continental material ...
... Dating of basement rocks in N. America show varying age N. America originated as a small landmass Continental accretion added mass to N. America Convergent boundaries make new continental material ...
alexander b. polonsky
... the routine oceanographic observations are too sparse and noisy for the reliable detection of lowfrequency (long-term) changes of the oceanic fields in the deep ocean (below about upper 800 m layer), except perhaps near a few standard oceanographic sections and some specific regions with strong ocea ...
... the routine oceanographic observations are too sparse and noisy for the reliable detection of lowfrequency (long-term) changes of the oceanic fields in the deep ocean (below about upper 800 m layer), except perhaps near a few standard oceanographic sections and some specific regions with strong ocea ...
Ocean acidification
Ocean acidification is the ongoing decrease in the pH of the Earth's oceans, caused by the uptake of carbon dioxide (CO2) from the atmosphere. An estimated 30–40% of the carbon dioxide from human activity released into the atmosphere dissolves into oceans, rivers and lakes. To achieve chemical equilibrium, some of it reacts with the water to form carbonic acid. Some of these extra carbonic acid molecules react with a water molecule to give a bicarbonate ion and a hydronium ion, thus increasing ocean acidity (H+ ion concentration). Between 1751 and 1994 surface ocean pH is estimated to have decreased from approximately 8.25 to 8.14, representing an increase of almost 30% in H+ ion concentration in the world's oceans. Since current and projected ocean pH levels are above 7.0, the oceans are technically alkaline now and will remain so; referring to this effect as ""decreasing ocean alkalinity"" would be equally correct if less politically useful. Earth System Models project that within the last decade ocean acidity exceeded historical analogs and in combination with other ocean biogeochemical changes could undermine the functioning of marine ecosystems and disrupt the provision of many goods and services associated with the ocean.Increasing acidity is thought to have a range of possibly harmful consequences, such as depressing metabolic rates and immune responses in some organisms, and causing coral bleaching. This also causes decreasing oxygen levels as it kills off algae.Other chemical reactions are triggered which result in a net decrease in the amount of carbonate ions available. This makes it more difficult for marine calcifying organisms, such as coral and some plankton, to form biogenic calcium carbonate, and such structures become vulnerable to dissolution. Ongoing acidification of the oceans threatens food chains connected with the oceans. As members of the InterAcademy Panel, 105 science academies have issued a statement on ocean acidification recommending that by 2050, global CO2 emissions be reduced by at least 50% compared to the 1990 level.Ocean acidification has been called the ""evil twin of global warming"" and ""the other CO2 problem"".Ocean acidification has occurred previously in Earth's history. The most notable example is the Paleocene-Eocene Thermal Maximum (PETM), which occurred approximately 56 million years ago. For reasons that are currently uncertain, massive amounts of carbon entered the ocean and atmosphere, and led to the dissolution of carbonate sediments in all ocean basins.