Does Entrepreneurship Reduce Unemployment
... fluctuate with the cycle. However, due to simplifying assumptions, they end up with the somewhat counter-intuitive result that bankruptcy rates and risk premia are highest during boom periods as a result of positive technology shocks and higher capital prices. Hence, the number of solvent entrepren ...
... fluctuate with the cycle. However, due to simplifying assumptions, they end up with the somewhat counter-intuitive result that bankruptcy rates and risk premia are highest during boom periods as a result of positive technology shocks and higher capital prices. Hence, the number of solvent entrepren ...
Targeting Nominal GDP or Prices: Expectation Dynamics and the Interest Rate
... issue was studied further in Benhabib, Schmitt-Grohe, and Uribe (2001) and Benhabib, Schmitt-Grohe, and Uribe (2002). It is important to observe that the possibility of multiple steady states has broader applicability than inflation targeting and Taylor rules. In a standard NK model the Fisher equat ...
... issue was studied further in Benhabib, Schmitt-Grohe, and Uribe (2001) and Benhabib, Schmitt-Grohe, and Uribe (2002). It is important to observe that the possibility of multiple steady states has broader applicability than inflation targeting and Taylor rules. In a standard NK model the Fisher equat ...
Intelligence and the Wealth and Poverty of Nations
... National IQs have been calculated from normative data obtained in 60 countries for the Colored and Standard Progressive Matrices. The reasons for using these data are that the Progressive Matrices is the most widely used test in cross-cultural research, is non-verbal and hence is likely to yield mor ...
... National IQs have been calculated from normative data obtained in 60 countries for the Colored and Standard Progressive Matrices. The reasons for using these data are that the Progressive Matrices is the most widely used test in cross-cultural research, is non-verbal and hence is likely to yield mor ...
Advertising results in economic growth – A new
... costs. Borden (1942) gives a summary of the costs associated with the advertising and its effects on prices. In any case, it is clear that advertising employs resources which could be used to consume. One may conclude that (Hyp. a) is proven here. To prove (Hyp. b), a model was developed using multi ...
... costs. Borden (1942) gives a summary of the costs associated with the advertising and its effects on prices. In any case, it is clear that advertising employs resources which could be used to consume. One may conclude that (Hyp. a) is proven here. To prove (Hyp. b), a model was developed using multi ...
The determinants of government yield spreads in the euro area
... Greece, Ireland and Portugal. Since July 2011, other non-core countries, such as Spain and Italy, have recorded a strong increase in bond yields, while core countries, such as Germany, have benefited from a flight-to-quality effect. Overall, as the crisis developed, the observed pattern of the sprea ...
... Greece, Ireland and Portugal. Since July 2011, other non-core countries, such as Spain and Italy, have recorded a strong increase in bond yields, while core countries, such as Germany, have benefited from a flight-to-quality effect. Overall, as the crisis developed, the observed pattern of the sprea ...
Following the Trend: Tracking GDP when Long-Run Growth is Uncertain ∗ Juan Antolin-Diaz
... retrospective), there is a range of views on the current prospects for the US economy after the booming years often associated with the IT revolution in the late 1990’s (Oliner and Sichel, 2000). In recent years a rather pessimistic view of long-run growth has emerged (Gordon, 2014, Summers, 2014) c ...
... retrospective), there is a range of views on the current prospects for the US economy after the booming years often associated with the IT revolution in the late 1990’s (Oliner and Sichel, 2000). In recent years a rather pessimistic view of long-run growth has emerged (Gordon, 2014, Summers, 2014) c ...
Modelling, simulation and control of macro economic systems.
... The research problem to be solved in this report is therefore to assess four conceptual different macroeconomic systems, including today’s Basel-type banking system, to find advantages and disadvantages in these systems compared to each other. Advantages and disadvantages are found in terms of how d ...
... The research problem to be solved in this report is therefore to assess four conceptual different macroeconomic systems, including today’s Basel-type banking system, to find advantages and disadvantages in these systems compared to each other. Advantages and disadvantages are found in terms of how d ...
paper - African Development Bank
... plastic; non-metallic minerals; basic metals; and electrical machinery and apparatus) for the period, 1963 to 2006. The results (both for small and large countries), when country-specific effects are included, show universal effects of income in an inverted U-shaped form for all the sectors except f ...
... plastic; non-metallic minerals; basic metals; and electrical machinery and apparatus) for the period, 1963 to 2006. The results (both for small and large countries), when country-specific effects are included, show universal effects of income in an inverted U-shaped form for all the sectors except f ...
Attaining Middle Income Status - Tanzania
... Tanzania is no exception: over the past 10 years, output per agricultural worker grew at a rate of only 3.4% per year (own calculation using ES (2009) data). Other economic variables may need to grow in proportion to GDP to enable this structural transformation: the model suggests that exports need ...
... Tanzania is no exception: over the past 10 years, output per agricultural worker grew at a rate of only 3.4% per year (own calculation using ES (2009) data). Other economic variables may need to grow in proportion to GDP to enable this structural transformation: the model suggests that exports need ...
2 Renewable Energy Technologies and Applications
... Although the USA serves as benchmark for economic growth, this does not imply that the current general consumption or energy consumption patterns in the USA are especially important. They are not and will not be used as benchmarks. The USA were used as benchmark as they have one of the highest G ...
... Although the USA serves as benchmark for economic growth, this does not imply that the current general consumption or energy consumption patterns in the USA are especially important. They are not and will not be used as benchmarks. The USA were used as benchmark as they have one of the highest G ...
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... environments and system designs in the three regions in the developing world (Central Europe (CE), Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC) and the Middle East and North Africa (MENA)) where large public pension systems are in operation and then evaluating how they might be expected to respond to a ran ...
... environments and system designs in the three regions in the developing world (Central Europe (CE), Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC) and the Middle East and North Africa (MENA)) where large public pension systems are in operation and then evaluating how they might be expected to respond to a ran ...
- faculty of economics and management
... type of capital. All the available resources should be allocated efficiently and with equity for the sustainable economic development and well being of the people. Comparison of different countries regarding the effects of natural disasters is difficult because there difference in location, income l ...
... type of capital. All the available resources should be allocated efficiently and with equity for the sustainable economic development and well being of the people. Comparison of different countries regarding the effects of natural disasters is difficult because there difference in location, income l ...
KEYNESIAN MULTIPLIER EFFECTS
... Government that NOTHING is SAVED. The economy has the benefit of the FULL impact of the $10Billion in new spending. In subsequent rounds of spending people are saving a portion of the money they receive, therefore REDUCING the impact on the economy. When we do the TAX CUT MULTIPLIER next, this disti ...
... Government that NOTHING is SAVED. The economy has the benefit of the FULL impact of the $10Billion in new spending. In subsequent rounds of spending people are saving a portion of the money they receive, therefore REDUCING the impact on the economy. When we do the TAX CUT MULTIPLIER next, this disti ...
EN EN Table of Contents 1. Introduction 2. Overview of capital loan
... TOTAL (*) Regulation establishing the facility stipulating that the outstanding amount of loans to be granted to Member States shall be limited to EUR billion 50 in principal (**) Means that no further request for disbursement is possible (either because the total amount has been disbursed or becaus ...
... TOTAL (*) Regulation establishing the facility stipulating that the outstanding amount of loans to be granted to Member States shall be limited to EUR billion 50 in principal (**) Means that no further request for disbursement is possible (either because the total amount has been disbursed or becaus ...
ClubMed? Cyclical fluctuations in the Mediterranean basin Fabio Canova
... fact available only since the early 2000. The variables we consider are real GDP, real consumption and real investment growth all converted into international standard via PPP adjustments. Data for other private sector variables (such as employment and labour market variables) or public sector varia ...
... fact available only since the early 2000. The variables we consider are real GDP, real consumption and real investment growth all converted into international standard via PPP adjustments. Data for other private sector variables (such as employment and labour market variables) or public sector varia ...
How is Foreign Aid Spent? Evidence from a Natural Experiment
... indicate devaluation.4 C. The National Income Identity ...
... indicate devaluation.4 C. The National Income Identity ...
An Assessment of the Macroeconomic Forecasts for the Maltese
... This report evaluates the macroeconomic forecasts prepared by the Ministry for Finance for publication in the Draft Budget Plan 2017. To this effect, the macroeconomic forecasts for the years 2016 and 2017, together with the main external and internal assumptions which underpin the forecast estimate ...
... This report evaluates the macroeconomic forecasts prepared by the Ministry for Finance for publication in the Draft Budget Plan 2017. To this effect, the macroeconomic forecasts for the years 2016 and 2017, together with the main external and internal assumptions which underpin the forecast estimate ...
Chapter 4 - Ageing Pressures and Spending
... Historical spending growth, and hence the size of the structural spending base, will make responding to the spending pressures of an ageing population more difficult. Early adjustments to the structural spending base now will limit the need for much larger adjustments to the ageing-sensitive spendin ...
... Historical spending growth, and hence the size of the structural spending base, will make responding to the spending pressures of an ageing population more difficult. Early adjustments to the structural spending base now will limit the need for much larger adjustments to the ageing-sensitive spendin ...
The Natural Resource Curse and Fiscal Decentralization
... on the notion that local governments, especially if poorer and in distant regions, can be less e¢cient at providing public goods and fall more easily prey of corruption (e.g., see Rodriquez-Pose and Ezcurra 2011).1 If this is the case, resource windfalls will incentivize rent-seeking behavior of loc ...
... on the notion that local governments, especially if poorer and in distant regions, can be less e¢cient at providing public goods and fall more easily prey of corruption (e.g., see Rodriquez-Pose and Ezcurra 2011).1 If this is the case, resource windfalls will incentivize rent-seeking behavior of loc ...
The “Great Moderation” In OECD Countries: Its Deepness and Implications with Business Cycles
... the GDP growth rates in the 80s and the 90s. Conventional tests assume that the potential break date is known a priori and they are then constructed by adding dummy variables representing different intercepts and slopes, thereby extending the standard Dickey-Fuller procedure (Perron 1989). However, ...
... the GDP growth rates in the 80s and the 90s. Conventional tests assume that the potential break date is known a priori and they are then constructed by adding dummy variables representing different intercepts and slopes, thereby extending the standard Dickey-Fuller procedure (Perron 1989). However, ...
Automatic Fiscal Stabilisers - European Commission
... The post-2007 economic and financial crisis has reopened the debate on the effectiveness of fiscal policy as a tool of stabilisation of economic activity, including the relative merits of discretionary action versus automatic stabilisation. On one side of the debate, people have argued that discreti ...
... The post-2007 economic and financial crisis has reopened the debate on the effectiveness of fiscal policy as a tool of stabilisation of economic activity, including the relative merits of discretionary action versus automatic stabilisation. On one side of the debate, people have argued that discreti ...
NBER WORKING PAPER SERIES EURO-PRODUCTIVITY AND EURO-JOB SINCE THE
... joblessness in the leading industrialized countries. The Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) has been at the center of research on comparative unemployment, providing the key data for investigating these issues and joining the policy debate. Its efforts have delivered a Wash ...
... joblessness in the leading industrialized countries. The Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) has been at the center of research on comparative unemployment, providing the key data for investigating these issues and joining the policy debate. Its efforts have delivered a Wash ...
Word
... Year 2012 presented for the Czech Republic a continuation of the economic recession phase, which began already in the last quarter of 2011. With an average growth of the Czech economy during the period 2003-2011 in real terms by 3.4 % annually – but also with an average growth per years 2010-2011 ...
... Year 2012 presented for the Czech Republic a continuation of the economic recession phase, which began already in the last quarter of 2011. With an average growth of the Czech economy during the period 2003-2011 in real terms by 3.4 % annually – but also with an average growth per years 2010-2011 ...
Shoals Cultural Asset Impact Analysis
... In addition to the music industry, the Shoals is home to the Kennedy-Douglass Center for the Arts, the Tennessee Valley Museum of Art, and the Frank Lloyd Wright-Rosenbaum House. Numerous live entertainment events occur in the Shoals throughout the year include the Shoals Symphony, Shoals Community ...
... In addition to the music industry, the Shoals is home to the Kennedy-Douglass Center for the Arts, the Tennessee Valley Museum of Art, and the Frank Lloyd Wright-Rosenbaum House. Numerous live entertainment events occur in the Shoals throughout the year include the Shoals Symphony, Shoals Community ...
Gross domestic product
Gross Domestic Product (GDP) is a measure of the size of an economy. It is defined as ""an aggregate measure of production equal to the sum of the gross values added of all resident, institutional units engaged in production (plus any taxes, and minus any subsidies, on products not included in the value of their outputs)"" by the OECD.GDP estimates are commonly used to measure the economic performance of a whole country or region, but can also measure the relative contribution of an industry sector. This is possible because GDP is a measure of 'value added' rather than sales; it adds each firm's value added (the value of its output minus the value of goods that are used up in producing it). For example, a firm buys steel and adds value to it by producing a car; double counting would occur if GDP added together the value of the steel and the value of the car. Because it is based on value added, GDP also increases when an enterprise reduces its use of materials or other resources ('intermediate consumption') to produce the same output.The more familiar use of GDP estimates is to calculate the growth of the economy from year to year (and recently from quarter to quarter). The pattern of GDP growth is held to indicate the success or failure of economic policy and to determine whether an economy is 'in recession'.