1 January 6, 2016 Subject to revision The George Washington
... mitigation policies: the discount rate and decision-making under uncertainty; and discussion of possible group research projects Key questions: What are the issues involved in choosing a discount rate when evaluating long-term benefits and costs? What are useful approaches to decision-making under u ...
... mitigation policies: the discount rate and decision-making under uncertainty; and discussion of possible group research projects Key questions: What are the issues involved in choosing a discount rate when evaluating long-term benefits and costs? What are useful approaches to decision-making under u ...
Will we ever be able to attribute individual weather events to
... responses to different external drivers Probability arises from uncertainty in – how the climate is changing – how different factors contribute to that change ...
... responses to different external drivers Probability arises from uncertainty in – how the climate is changing – how different factors contribute to that change ...
Guidebook 2 Vfinal.1.FH11 - Centre for Indigenous Environmental
... winter roads. There are many elements required for a winter road to be constructed. One of these is a sustained and prolonged period of time with below freezing temperatures. This is especially true for winter road systems Degraded winter road conditions. that cross fast flowing rivers or large wate ...
... winter roads. There are many elements required for a winter road to be constructed. One of these is a sustained and prolonged period of time with below freezing temperatures. This is especially true for winter road systems Degraded winter road conditions. that cross fast flowing rivers or large wate ...
The Climate Change Challenge In Africa
... recognized areas of particularly high species richness and endemism known as “biological hot spots”. The continent has a large and diverse heritage of Flora and Fauna. It contains about a fifth of all known species of plants, mammals and birds, and a sixth of amphibians and reptiles. Savannahs, whic ...
... recognized areas of particularly high species richness and endemism known as “biological hot spots”. The continent has a large and diverse heritage of Flora and Fauna. It contains about a fifth of all known species of plants, mammals and birds, and a sixth of amphibians and reptiles. Savannahs, whic ...
Stronger Evidence of Human Influence on Climate
... Hemisphere. Changes in climate variability are also being seen and changes in extremes are beginning to emerge. Perhaps of greatest note are the observed increases in the heat index (which measures humidity and temperature effects on comfort) and the observed trend toward more intense precipitation ...
... Hemisphere. Changes in climate variability are also being seen and changes in extremes are beginning to emerge. Perhaps of greatest note are the observed increases in the heat index (which measures humidity and temperature effects on comfort) and the observed trend toward more intense precipitation ...
Document
... Effects of 2000-2050 global change on Policy Relevant Background (PRB) ozone PRB ozone = Ozone levels that would exist in the absence of anthropogenic emissions from U.S., Canada and Mexico Fossil fuel and biofuel emissions over North America ...
... Effects of 2000-2050 global change on Policy Relevant Background (PRB) ozone PRB ozone = Ozone levels that would exist in the absence of anthropogenic emissions from U.S., Canada and Mexico Fossil fuel and biofuel emissions over North America ...
MET606-Sp10-Desai - University of Wisconsin–Madison
... - Significant uncertainty in climate impacts requires us a adopt a probabilistic risk-based approach, but what is the right model? - Local, small changes don’t make a big difference; global action is mired in politics and bureaucracy - It’s hard to measure change. What if nothing happens? - Greenhou ...
... - Significant uncertainty in climate impacts requires us a adopt a probabilistic risk-based approach, but what is the right model? - Local, small changes don’t make a big difference; global action is mired in politics and bureaucracy - It’s hard to measure change. What if nothing happens? - Greenhou ...
MPSAC Climate Change White Paper
... is understanding the underlying fundamental science. Only with such insight can the necessary larger scale parameterizations be developed and integrated into predictive models with confidence. Furthermore, integration of new knowledge and its presentation in forms useful for different audiences, whi ...
... is understanding the underlying fundamental science. Only with such insight can the necessary larger scale parameterizations be developed and integrated into predictive models with confidence. Furthermore, integration of new knowledge and its presentation in forms useful for different audiences, whi ...
5.0 project evaluation - Climate Adaptation Knowledge Exchange
... Climate change has become one of the defining forces shaping prospects for development in the 21st Century. Ghana is a signatory to the Kyoto Protocol on Climate which entered into force 16 February 2005 and the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change was ratified by Ghana's Parliament ...
... Climate change has become one of the defining forces shaping prospects for development in the 21st Century. Ghana is a signatory to the Kyoto Protocol on Climate which entered into force 16 February 2005 and the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change was ratified by Ghana's Parliament ...
IPCC estimates for emissions from land
... For the period of 2000-2006 Canadell et al. (2007) give a first estimate what the most recent emissions from land-use change are. They give a number of 1.5 PgC/a (≈16% from 9.1 PgC/a (total anthropogenic emissions), Table 1, p. 18867). But it has to be remembered that those estimates are not IPCC es ...
... For the period of 2000-2006 Canadell et al. (2007) give a first estimate what the most recent emissions from land-use change are. They give a number of 1.5 PgC/a (≈16% from 9.1 PgC/a (total anthropogenic emissions), Table 1, p. 18867). But it has to be remembered that those estimates are not IPCC es ...
pices xv - North Pacific Marine Science Organization
... Environmental Studies (NIES), and the Frontier Research Center for Global Change (FRCGC) submitted two sets of climate projection results to IPCC AR4, using global coupled models with two different resolutions. The higher resolution model is made up of T106 (~1) atmosphere and eddy-permitting ocean ...
... Environmental Studies (NIES), and the Frontier Research Center for Global Change (FRCGC) submitted two sets of climate projection results to IPCC AR4, using global coupled models with two different resolutions. The higher resolution model is made up of T106 (~1) atmosphere and eddy-permitting ocean ...
The Nature of Science
... Scientific laws describe specific relationships under given conditions in nature, but they do not explain those relationships. Sir Isaac Newton’s third law of motion — For every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction — is a good example. Thus, laws are well-supported descriptions, whereas t ...
... Scientific laws describe specific relationships under given conditions in nature, but they do not explain those relationships. Sir Isaac Newton’s third law of motion — For every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction — is a good example. Thus, laws are well-supported descriptions, whereas t ...
powerpoint - Mitigation and Adaptation Research Institute (MARI)
... (a) "preparedness" means actions taken to plan, organize, equip, train, and exercise to build, apply, and sustain the capabilities necessary to prevent, protect against, ameliorate the effects of, respond to, and recover from climate change related damages to life, health, property, livelihoods, eco ...
... (a) "preparedness" means actions taken to plan, organize, equip, train, and exercise to build, apply, and sustain the capabilities necessary to prevent, protect against, ameliorate the effects of, respond to, and recover from climate change related damages to life, health, property, livelihoods, eco ...
Integrating ozone and UV research with climate change
... inevitable surprises with which the climate system will challenge our understanding and efforts to adapt to the impacts of climate change. It is obvious that not all lessons learnt in the area of ozone depletion may be readily transferable to climate change (Reisinger, 2002), and topics in the area ...
... inevitable surprises with which the climate system will challenge our understanding and efforts to adapt to the impacts of climate change. It is obvious that not all lessons learnt in the area of ozone depletion may be readily transferable to climate change (Reisinger, 2002), and topics in the area ...
Please amend title
... • Agriculture occupies 75% of UK land and is among the first to feel effects of climate change ...
... • Agriculture occupies 75% of UK land and is among the first to feel effects of climate change ...
Quiz
... climate variability and weather could bring us conditions/events that are different from the long-term projections. • No, for example, if the climate change projection is for drought in 2100, we know that we will gradually experience dryer conditions over the next century, so we just need to focus o ...
... climate variability and weather could bring us conditions/events that are different from the long-term projections. • No, for example, if the climate change projection is for drought in 2100, we know that we will gradually experience dryer conditions over the next century, so we just need to focus o ...
03.0 Clean Development Mechanism 3959KB
... every ton of greenhouse gas emissions they exceed their cap in the first commitment period (i.e., 2008-2012); ...
... every ton of greenhouse gas emissions they exceed their cap in the first commitment period (i.e., 2008-2012); ...
Probabilistic climate prediction/projection from the decadal to the
... • Discrepancy, an estimate of the additional uncertainties due to structural model errors which cannot be resolved by varying poorly-constrained model parameters • A set of observations to use in estimating the relative likelihood that different model variants (i.e. different points in parameter spa ...
... • Discrepancy, an estimate of the additional uncertainties due to structural model errors which cannot be resolved by varying poorly-constrained model parameters • A set of observations to use in estimating the relative likelihood that different model variants (i.e. different points in parameter spa ...
high level forum on aid effectiveness
... • Climate Change Finance Aid Effectiveness principles and commitments for climate change Agreement on monitoring framework Providing input to Durban negotiations and beyond ...
... • Climate Change Finance Aid Effectiveness principles and commitments for climate change Agreement on monitoring framework Providing input to Durban negotiations and beyond ...
A guide to Representative Concentration Pathways
... important improvements in climate models have been made. As the climate models became more sophisticated, more detailed input was needed. Simultaneously, models that are used in the production of scenarios have improved and more advanced input can therefore be provided. What is radiative forcing? Ra ...
... important improvements in climate models have been made. As the climate models became more sophisticated, more detailed input was needed. Simultaneously, models that are used in the production of scenarios have improved and more advanced input can therefore be provided. What is radiative forcing? Ra ...
Reconsidering the Climate Change Act
... claimed that only more than half the temperature change over the preceding 50 years could be attributed to man’s emissions – with aerosols included in order to cancel much of the excess warming the models produce. Moreover, the assumptions underlying this claim have been shown to be false (namely th ...
... claimed that only more than half the temperature change over the preceding 50 years could be attributed to man’s emissions – with aerosols included in order to cancel much of the excess warming the models produce. Moreover, the assumptions underlying this claim have been shown to be false (namely th ...