Stratospheric Aerosol Geoengineering
... While sulfuric acid in high concentrations can be dangerous, and acid rain in the troposphere is mainly sulfuric and nitric acid, the amount of annual sulfur emissions to the stratosphere that have been proposed, 5–10 Tg (Tg ¼ 1012 g), is much less than the annual volcanic SO2 emissions into the tro ...
... While sulfuric acid in high concentrations can be dangerous, and acid rain in the troposphere is mainly sulfuric and nitric acid, the amount of annual sulfur emissions to the stratosphere that have been proposed, 5–10 Tg (Tg ¼ 1012 g), is much less than the annual volcanic SO2 emissions into the tro ...
Synthesis paper: Perspectives on Loss and Damage
... show there are serious limitations in our ability to assess even current values, let alone attribute these to recent changes in climate. In some cases, there are recent decadal trends that can be picked through observations, e.g. increases in annual temperature rise, ...
... show there are serious limitations in our ability to assess even current values, let alone attribute these to recent changes in climate. In some cases, there are recent decadal trends that can be picked through observations, e.g. increases in annual temperature rise, ...
Modeling Earth`s future
... results from integrated assessment models generally cannot be relied upon if gross simplifications of component systems such as the atmosphere have been made. ...
... results from integrated assessment models generally cannot be relied upon if gross simplifications of component systems such as the atmosphere have been made. ...
Entire Report - Center for Climate and Energy
... which energy and chemicals flow through the plants, herbivores, carnivores, and soil organisms that comprise the living components of ecosystems. Models of overall changes in plant productivity indicate a wide range of possible changes across the lower 48 states, from slight declines (averaging 0.7 ...
... which energy and chemicals flow through the plants, herbivores, carnivores, and soil organisms that comprise the living components of ecosystems. Models of overall changes in plant productivity indicate a wide range of possible changes across the lower 48 states, from slight declines (averaging 0.7 ...
concluded
... probabilistically with a quantified likelihood (from exceptionally unlikely to virtually certain). Confidence in the validity of a finding is based on the type, amount, quality, and consistency of evidence (e.g., data, mechanistic understanding, theory, models, expert judgment) and the degree of agr ...
... probabilistically with a quantified likelihood (from exceptionally unlikely to virtually certain). Confidence in the validity of a finding is based on the type, amount, quality, and consistency of evidence (e.g., data, mechanistic understanding, theory, models, expert judgment) and the degree of agr ...
a new report
... from global climate change, the CNA Corporation, a nonprofit national security analysis organization, convened a panel of retired senior military officers and national security experts and conducted an assessment of the national security implications of global climate change. In this context, we define ...
... from global climate change, the CNA Corporation, a nonprofit national security analysis organization, convened a panel of retired senior military officers and national security experts and conducted an assessment of the national security implications of global climate change. In this context, we define ...
earth friendly agriculture for soil, water, and climate
... still represents approximately 24 percent of global emissions.14 Within that segment, little attention has been given to the role of agriculture. Over the period 1990-2010 agriculture emissions increased by 8 percent whereas forestry and other land-use emissions decreased by 14 percent.15 Agricultur ...
... still represents approximately 24 percent of global emissions.14 Within that segment, little attention has been given to the role of agriculture. Over the period 1990-2010 agriculture emissions increased by 8 percent whereas forestry and other land-use emissions decreased by 14 percent.15 Agricultur ...
Scenario Planning for Solar Radiation Management
... of unpredictable ecological and social consequences that these technologies could have.8 ...
... of unpredictable ecological and social consequences that these technologies could have.8 ...
National Security and the Threat of Climate Change
... from global climate change, the CNA Corporation, a nonprofit national security analysis organization, convened a panel of retired senior military officers and national security experts and conducted an assessment of the national security implications of global climate change. In this context, we define ...
... from global climate change, the CNA Corporation, a nonprofit national security analysis organization, convened a panel of retired senior military officers and national security experts and conducted an assessment of the national security implications of global climate change. In this context, we define ...
18_Lecture_Presentation_PC
... organisms, ecosystems, and human well-being Scientists have studied the many aspects of climate change Climate variables have been monitored, building a long-term database for researchers to study ...
... organisms, ecosystems, and human well-being Scientists have studied the many aspects of climate change Climate variables have been monitored, building a long-term database for researchers to study ...
N°20 - AFD
... The morning of interchange was spent first on presentations by representatives of the Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment (MONRE), the Ministry of Planning and Investment (MPI) and the Ministry of Finance (MOF), each of which gave an update on their activities and the relevant role of the ...
... The morning of interchange was spent first on presentations by representatives of the Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment (MONRE), the Ministry of Planning and Investment (MPI) and the Ministry of Finance (MOF), each of which gave an update on their activities and the relevant role of the ...
Permafrost_breakout
... equivalent calculated assuming 2.7% of total emissions is methane (Schuur et al. 2011) and a global warming potential of 33 (Shindell et al. 2009) b calculated from emission rates in the paper c not available ...
... equivalent calculated assuming 2.7% of total emissions is methane (Schuur et al. 2011) and a global warming potential of 33 (Shindell et al. 2009) b calculated from emission rates in the paper c not available ...
Dynamic and thermodynamic changes in mean and extreme
... (SE) was at the Hadley Centre as a visiting scientist. We thank people at the Hadley Centre as well as the K-1 Japan project members for support and discussion. Thanks are extended to Ian Watterson, Isaac Held, Julia Slingo, Chris Ferro, Richard Jones, Myles Allen, William Ingram, Pardeep Pall and a ...
... (SE) was at the Hadley Centre as a visiting scientist. We thank people at the Hadley Centre as well as the K-1 Japan project members for support and discussion. Thanks are extended to Ian Watterson, Isaac Held, Julia Slingo, Chris Ferro, Richard Jones, Myles Allen, William Ingram, Pardeep Pall and a ...
3.3 Evidence of temperature changes in the study regions
... dependence on rain-fed cultivation. The amount and pattern of rainfall plays a key role in determining agricultural productivity (Haile 2005). Ghana has experienced considerable variations in temperature and rainfall patterns since the 1960s (EPA 2003). Whilst uncertainties remain on future estimat ...
... dependence on rain-fed cultivation. The amount and pattern of rainfall plays a key role in determining agricultural productivity (Haile 2005). Ghana has experienced considerable variations in temperature and rainfall patterns since the 1960s (EPA 2003). Whilst uncertainties remain on future estimat ...
Transitioning to a Low-Carbon Economy
... The science of climate change is clear. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, the world’s foremost authority on climate change, has projected that an increase in global temperatures of more than 2 degrees Celsius will result in irreversible and catastrophic impacts. The current level of gre ...
... The science of climate change is clear. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, the world’s foremost authority on climate change, has projected that an increase in global temperatures of more than 2 degrees Celsius will result in irreversible and catastrophic impacts. The current level of gre ...
Proceedings WARMING UP SEMINAR
... development spending, but not as high as a percentage of GDP or total investment. Indonesia will face significant adaptation risks and costs, as well as the costs of adjusting the energy and fossil fuel a future lower carbon development trajectory. These additional needs will come on top of existing ...
... development spending, but not as high as a percentage of GDP or total investment. Indonesia will face significant adaptation risks and costs, as well as the costs of adjusting the energy and fossil fuel a future lower carbon development trajectory. These additional needs will come on top of existing ...
Farmers and Climate Change: A Cross
... earlier, and extreme high-temperature events may affect wine grape quality and yield (Clark et al. 2012). Of the locations covered in this analysis, Australia has experienced the most severe impacts attributable to climate change to date. During the first decade of this century, Australia experience ...
... earlier, and extreme high-temperature events may affect wine grape quality and yield (Clark et al. 2012). Of the locations covered in this analysis, Australia has experienced the most severe impacts attributable to climate change to date. During the first decade of this century, Australia experience ...
A Tale of Two Carbon Sinks - Scholarly Commons @ FAMU Law
... however, these channels of governance and diplomacy have fallen short of expectations in significant respects in the past two decades. For example, the refusal of the United States to become a member of the Kyoto Protocol1 has severely undermined the effectiveness of this global greenhouse gas emiss ...
... however, these channels of governance and diplomacy have fallen short of expectations in significant respects in the past two decades. For example, the refusal of the United States to become a member of the Kyoto Protocol1 has severely undermined the effectiveness of this global greenhouse gas emiss ...
Workshop-questions
... • Presently a warming is going on in the Baltic Sea region. • No formal detection and attribution studies available. • BACC considers it plausible that this warming is at least partly related to anthropogenic factors. • So far, and in the next few decades, the signal is limited to temperature and di ...
... • Presently a warming is going on in the Baltic Sea region. • No formal detection and attribution studies available. • BACC considers it plausible that this warming is at least partly related to anthropogenic factors. • So far, and in the next few decades, the signal is limited to temperature and di ...
pdf
... There are many monitoring stations like Mauna Loa Observatory that collect data about atmospheric CO2 levels. Some scientists even use ice cores and tree rings to learn about the amount of CO2 in the atmosphere hundreds of thousands of years ago. Tell students that the CO2 levels in the past hundr ...
... There are many monitoring stations like Mauna Loa Observatory that collect data about atmospheric CO2 levels. Some scientists even use ice cores and tree rings to learn about the amount of CO2 in the atmosphere hundreds of thousands of years ago. Tell students that the CO2 levels in the past hundr ...
SUB-COMPONENT STUDY: PRECIPITATION AND TEMPERATURE
... that strongly influence local vector habitats. Other stations that we drew on for our analysis have moved one or more times during the reporting period, which influences continuity and may introduce artificial trends in climate variables1. For instance, the station at Inaquito (M024) is reported as ...
... that strongly influence local vector habitats. Other stations that we drew on for our analysis have moved one or more times during the reporting period, which influences continuity and may introduce artificial trends in climate variables1. For instance, the station at Inaquito (M024) is reported as ...
BGAN HDR in broadcast first from Antarctica
... range of services that can be used on land, at sea or in the air. Inmarsat employs around 1,600 staff in more than 60 locations around the world, with a presence in the major ports and centres of commerce on ...
... range of services that can be used on land, at sea or in the air. Inmarsat employs around 1,600 staff in more than 60 locations around the world, with a presence in the major ports and centres of commerce on ...
Business Responses to Climate Change in Developing Countries: A
... Climate change has been one of the most pressing environmental issues facing business in the past two decade. From the mid of 1990s witnessed an increasing attention of business to climate change because it is likely to effect business on both climate change consequences and policies to address it ( ...
... Climate change has been one of the most pressing environmental issues facing business in the past two decade. From the mid of 1990s witnessed an increasing attention of business to climate change because it is likely to effect business on both climate change consequences and policies to address it ( ...
Anthony Patt ETH Zürich (Swiss Federal Institute of Technology
... Office phone: (+41) 44 632 58 21; Fax: (+41) 44 632 10 29; Mobile: (+41) 79 539 32 12 ...
... Office phone: (+41) 44 632 58 21; Fax: (+41) 44 632 10 29; Mobile: (+41) 79 539 32 12 ...
Mitigation of What and by What? Adaptation by Whom and
... A press release by the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) in early October 2010,3 referring to a recent study by the UN-backed Principles for Responsible Investment (PRI) and the UNEP Finance Initiative (UNEP FI) seems to confirm this. Released findings, then, estimated global environmental ...
... A press release by the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) in early October 2010,3 referring to a recent study by the UN-backed Principles for Responsible Investment (PRI) and the UNEP Finance Initiative (UNEP FI) seems to confirm this. Released findings, then, estimated global environmental ...
Fred Singer
Siegfried Fred Singer (born September 27, 1924) is an Austrian-born American physicist and emeritus professor of environmental science at the University of Virginia. Singer trained as an atmospheric physicist and is known for his work in space research, atmospheric pollution, rocket and satellite technology, his questioning of the link between UV-B and melanoma rates, and that between CFCs and stratospheric ozone loss, his public denial of the health risks of passive smoking, and as an advocate for climate change denial. He is the author or editor of several books including Global Effects of Environmental Pollution (1970), The Ocean in Human Affairs (1989), Global Climate Change (1989), The Greenhouse Debate Continued (1992), and Hot Talk, Cold Science (1997). He has also co-authored Unstoppable Global Warming: Every 1,500 Years (2007) with Dennis Avery, and Climate Change Reconsidered (2009) with Craig Idso.Singer has had a varied career, serving in the armed forces, government, and academia. He designed mines for the U.S. Navy during World War II, before obtaining his Ph.D. in physics from Princeton University in 1948 and working as a scientific liaison officer in the U.S. Embassy in London. He became a leading figure in early space research, was involved in the development of earth observation satellites, and in 1962 established the National Weather Bureau's Satellite Service Center. He was the founding dean of the University of Miami School of Environmental and Planetary Sciences in 1964, and held several government positions, including deputy assistant administrator for the Environmental Protection Agency, and chief scientist for the Department of Transportation. He held a professorship with the University of Virginia from 1971 until 1994, and with George Mason University until 2000.In 1990 Singer founded the Science & Environmental Policy Project to advocate for climate change denial, and in 2006 was named by the Canadian Broadcasting Corporation as one of a minority of scientists said to be creating a stand-off on a consensus on climate change. Singer argues there is no evidence that global warming is attributable to human-caused increases in atmospheric carbon dioxide, and that humanity would benefit if temperatures do rise.He is an opponent of the Kyoto Protocol, and has claimed climate models as not based on reality, and not evidence. Singer has been accused of rejecting peer-reviewed and independently confirmed scientific evidence in his claims concerning public health and environmental issues.